tibrarjD  of  Che  trheolo^ical  ^tmimvy 

PRINCETON  •  NEW  JERSEY 


•«^»« 


PRESENTED  BY 


Yale  Divinity  School  Library 

.S3F5 


A-K 


V'-''  A.W' 


J  . 


i 


^^•j-^"  'i'  V.*' 


T  T.S-tTiart3ost;crrL 


^urr    /Si^ 


d/VftA/l^ 


THE 


FIRST  CENTENARY 


NORTH  Church  and  society, 


SALEM,    MASSACHUSETTS. 


COiMMEMORATED  JULY    I9,    1872. 


S  A  L  E  ]\I . 

Printed    fop^    the    Society. 
1873. 


PRINTED  AT 

THE     SALEM    PKESS, 

F.  W.  PUTNAM  &  CO., 
Proprietors. 


THE    IVXEIMOR"^' 


Thomas  Barnard,  D.D. 


^^jsna    HIS   >»>.ssocij^TES 


ORGANIZATION  OF  THIS  CHURCH  AND  SOCIETY, 


THIS     VOLUME 


IS    REVERENTLY  DEDICATED, 


(iii) 


co:n^te:n^ts. 


ixtroductiox, 

Exercises  at  the  Church, 

Memorial  Sermox,      .... 

ExEiiCiSES  AT  Normal  Hall, 

Address  IVoiu  G.  B.  Loring, 
Ehymed  Kemiuiscences,  by  C.  T.  Brooks, 
Address  by  Joseph  Alleu,  of  Nortliborough,    . 
Address  by  E.  R.  Hoar,  of  Concord, 
Address  by  W.  G.  Eliot,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,      . 
Address  by  Thomas  T.  Stoue,  of  Boltou,  Mass., 
Address  by  C.  H.  Brighani,  of  Auu  Arbor,  Mich., 
Address  by  Wm.  Mountford,  of  Boston,  . 
Address  by  John  W.  Chadwicli,  of  Brooldyn,  N.  Y 
Address  by  George  L.  Chauey,  of  Boston, 
Address  by  William  O.  "White,  of  Keene,  N.  11., 
Letter  from  Charles  Lowe,        .... 
Letter  from  Henry  W.  Foote, 
Letter  from  James  W.  Thompson,    . 
Letter  from  Edwin  M.  Stone, 
Letter  from  S.  E.  Peabody,        .... 
Address  by  K.  M.  Hodges,  of  Cambridge, 
Address  by  D.  B.  Hagar,  .... 

Address  by  Caleb  Foote,  .... 

Note  from  O.  B.  Frothingham, 

Some  Memoranda  of  the  Choir,  by  Hexry  K.  Gi.iveij, 


1 

5 

9 

(33 

66 

69 

81 

83 

85 

87 

89 

91 

103 

106 

111 

lU 

116 

118 

119 

121 

121 

125 

126 

127 

131 


(v; 


VI  CONTENTS. 

The  Church,       .        .' 153 

Covenant,  155 

Early  Members, 157 

Officers, 163 

Minister's  Library, 164 

The  Sunday  Scliool, 165 

Extracts  from  the  Eecords  and  Notes, 166 

Ministers, 170 

Thomas  Barnard, 171 

John  Emery  Abbot,  173 

John  Brazer, 175 

Octavius  Brooks  Frothingham, 177 

Charles  Lowe, 179 

Edmund  Burke  "Willson, 181 

The  First  Meeting  House,       ....,..,  183 

The  Second  Meeting  House, 190 

Proprietors  and  Occupants  of  Pews  in  the  First  House,  197 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


Portrait  of  Rev.  T.  Barnard  (Frontispiece) 

PiCKMAN   HOUSK.  .... 

Portrait  of  Eev.  J.  E.  Abbot- 
Portrait  OF  Rev.  J.  Brazer.     . 
Portrait  of  Rev.  0.  B.  Frothixgham. 
Portrait  of  Rev.  C.  Lowe. 
Portrait  of  Rev.  E.  B.  Willson.     . 
First  Meeting  House. 
Second  Meeting  House.   . 


154 
173 
175 
177 
179 
181 
183 
190 


(vii) 


INTRODUCTION, 


"^ll^"  ARLY  in  the  month  of  April,  1872,  the  Standing  Committee 
|1f|  I  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  North  Meeting-house  voted  that 
^  j'  the  one  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  fountling  of  the  North 
Church  and  Society  should  be  commemorated  hy  appropriate  public 
services,  and  called  a  general  meeting  of  the  worshippers,  to  be 
held  on  the  IGth  of  that  month,  at  the  vcstr}-,  to  take  the  matter 
into  consideration.  At  that  meeting  the  action  of  the  Committee 
was  unanimously  ratified,  and  the  necessary  Committees  were 
chosen  to  carry  the  proposed  observance  into  effect. 

The  first  meeting  of  the  Proprietors  for  organization  had  been 
held  on  the  3d  of  March,  1772.  The  first  meeting  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  church,  and  their  gathering  into  church  order  and 
fellowship,  and  the  adoption  of  a  covenant,  had  taken  place  on 
the  19th  of  Jul}',  1772.  It  was  voted  that  the  latter  should  be 
the  da}'  commemorated. 

The  writer  of  the  historical  discourse  herein  contained  takes 
this  opportunity  to  express  his  obligations  and  his  thanks  to  those 
who  have  kindly  aided  him  in  his  search  for  the  materials  em- 
bodied in  it,  especially  to  the  President  of  the  Essex  Institute, 
Dr.  Hekry  "Wheatland,  who  opened  to  his  use  the  valuable  stores 
of  the  library  of  that  institution,  besides  directing  him  to  many 
important  sources  of  information. 

He  has  not  thought  it  necessary  to  cite  often  the  authority  on 
which  his  statements  rest.  In  addition  to  the  usual  authorities  for 
such  facts,  viz  : — the  records  of  the  church,  and  of  the  proprietors 

(1) 


2  INTRODUCTION. 

of  the  North  Meeting-house,  funeral  and  other  discourses,  bio- 
graphical memoirs,  published  sermons  of  the  clergymen  of  whom 
notices  are  giv.en,  newspapers  of  the  period,  the  recollections  of 
living  witnesses,  and  current  traditions,  he  has  had  access  to 
a  very  helpful  collection  of  miscellaneous  papers,  mostly  in  manu- 
script, containing  lists  of  names,  accounts,  etc.,  left  by  Ichabod 
Tucker,  Esq.,  nearly  all  of  which  are  now  in  possession  of  the 
Essex  Institute  ;  while  he  has  often  had  recourse  to  Felt's  Annals 
and  Cur  wen's  Journal  and  Letters,  with  the  biographical  sketches 
appended  by  its  editor,  George  A.  Ward,  Esq. 


Memorial  Services. 


Exercises  at  the  Church. 


I. 

VOLUNTAEY    (from     the     organ). 

n. 
SCRIPTURE    SENTENCES. 

BY    KEV.    CHARLES    T.    BROOKS,    OF    NEWPORT,    RHODE    ISLANT), 

OxE  generation  passeth  away,  and  another  generation  cometh. 

The  fathers,  where  are  they?  and  the  prophets,  do  they  live  forever? 

We  are  strangers  before  thee,  and  sojourners,  as  were  all  our  Withers ; 
our  days  on  earth  are  as  a  shadow,  and  there  is  none  abiding. 

Lord,  Thou  hast  been  our  dwelling-place  in  all  generations. 

One  generation  shall  praise  Thy  works  to  another,  and  shall  declare  Thy 

mighty  acts They  shall  abundantly  utter  the  memory  of  Thy 

great  goodness,  and  shall  sing  of  Thy  righteousness. 

Oh,  that  men  would  praise  the  Lord  for  His  goodness,  and  for  His  won- 
derful works  to  the  children  of  men ! 

I  have  considered  the  days  of  old,  the  years  of  ancient  times I 

will  remember  the  years  of  the  right  hand  of  the  Most  High I  will 

remember  the  works  of  the  Lord ;   surely  I  will  remember  Thy  wonders 

of  old which  we  have  heard  and  known,  and  our  fathers  have 

told  us That  the  generation  to  come  might  know  them,  even  the 

children  which  should  be  born ;  who  should  arise  and  declare  them  unto 
their  children ;  that  they  might  set  their  hope  in  God  and  not  forget  the 
work  of  the  Lord,  but  keep  His  commandment. 

(5) 


6  EXERCISES   AT    THE    CHURCH. 

0  Lord  God  of  our  fathers,  keep  this  forever  in  the  imagination  of  the 
thoughts  of  tlie  heart  of  Thy  people,  and  prepare  their  heart  to  Thee ! 

In  Judah  is  God  known In  Salem  is  His  tabernacle. 

1  was  glad  when  they  said  unto  me,  Let  ns  go  into  the  house  of  the 
Lord ! Our  feet  shall  stand  within  Thy  gates,  O  Jerusalem  ! 

If  I  forget  thee,  O  Jerusalem!  may  my  right  hand  forget  her  cunning; 
yea,  let  my  tongue  cleave  to  the  roof  of  my  mouth,  if  I  prefer  not  Jeru- 
salem above  my  chief  joy ! 

Pray  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem!  they  shall  prosper  that  love  thee. 
Peace  be  within  thy  walls  and  prosperity  within  thy  palaces.  For  my 
brethren  aud  companions'  sakes  I  will  now  say.  Peace  be  within  thee ! 


m. 


CENTENNIAL  HYMN  AND   MUSIC. 


BT  GEOEGE  PEABODT. 


Six  verses  and  the  Invocation  sung. 


God,  Almighty  and  Eternal, 

From  Thy  throne,  in  realms  sublime, 
Hear  our  earnest  supplications, 

Bless  our  offerings  at  this  time. 

Gathered  round  our  cherished  altar. 
May  we  now  renew.the  Flame 

Which  our  Fathers  long  since  kindled 
To  the  glory  of  Thy  name. 

Here  they  bowed  iu  adoration ; 

Here  invoked,  and  not  in  vain. 
Blessings,  which  by  Thy  great  mercy, . 

With  their  children  still  remain. 

Countless  blessings  still  descending 
Both  on  us  and  on  our  laud. 

May  we  not  forget  the  Giver, 
In  the  bounties  of  his  hand. 

God,  we  thank  Tliee,  that  so  many 
Of  the  wise  and  good  have  found 

Joy  aud  comfort  in  Tliy  worship. 
On  this  consecrated  ground. 


Man  beheld  in  Thy  Creation, 
Governed  by  unerring  Laws, 

Proof  that  ofttimes  gave  assurance 
Of  a  self-existent  cause. 

But  the  glorious  Confirmation 
In  Thy  written  word  we  find,— 

Book  of  books!  —  the  guide,  iustructor, 
Hope,  aud  solace  of  mankind. 

There  alone  we  read  the  record 
Of  Thy  blessed  Son  on  earth. 

By  whose  Life  and  Resurrection 
Man  has  gained  a  nobler  birth, 

Unrevealed  are  those  deep  mysteries 
That  his  cross  and  death  attend. 

But  his  pure  aud  holy  precepts 
None  can  fail  to  comprehend. 

Naught  by  ancient  sages  spoken 
Can  dispel  our  doubts  and  fears. 

Comfort  bring  to  sin  and  suffering, 
Or  restrain  the  mourner's  tears. 


EXERCISES   AT   THE    CHURCH. 


May  we,  urKcil  by  their  example, 
Follow  ill  the  path  they  trod, 

Keeping  Christ's  plain  rule  before  us, 
I>ove  to  man  and  faith  in  God. 

Veiled  art  Thou,  our  Heavenly  Father, 
And  to  mortal  si},'lit  unknown, 

Yet  in  every  age  and  nation 
Thy  parental  care  is  sliown. 

In  the  days  of  heathen  darkness. 
Ere  Thy  chosen  Trophet  came. 

Mid  the  thunders  of  J[ount  Sinai, 
Thy  commandments  to  proclaim, 


In  the  brightness  of  htx  Heing 
All  Earth's  shadows  pass  away, 

And  the  human  heart  rejoices 
In  the  light  of  endless  day. 

^lay  that  Light  spread  through  the  natloin 

Shine  wherever  man  Is  found. 
And  Thy  Praise  in  songs  of  triumph 

Througliout  Heaven  and  earth  resound. 

INVOCATIOX. 

Gracious  God!  continue  with  us. 

Aid  us  to  deserve  Tliy  love, 
And  through  Christ  at  last  admit  us 

To  ills  promised  Rest  above. 


IV, 

PRAYER. 

BY  KEV.  JOXATIIAN  COLE  OF  KEAVBTTRTrORT. 


HYMX    (for    the    occasion). 


BY  REV.  CHARLES  T.  BROOKS. 


Sung  by  the  Congregation  to  the  Tune  of  Duke  Street. 


O  God  I  whose  wisdom,  power  and  love 
Xo  age  can  waste,  no  shadow  dim. 

To  Thee,  In  cloudless  light  above. 
We  raise  the  grateful,  reverent  hymn. 

God  of  our  Sires!  to  Thee,  their  Guide, 
Their  Guard  through  life's  uncertain  way. 

To  Thee  iu  wliom  their  souls  abide, 
Unending  tlianks  their  sous  shall  pay. 

Amid  the  war-cloud's  gathering  storm. 
Our  fathers  built  their  altar  liere; 

They  leaned  on  Thy  almighty  arm, 
IJelield  Thv  I'ace  and  felt  no  fear. 


To-day  in  peace  their  children  come  , 

To  muse  upon  the  years  gone  by ; 

To  sing  their  grateful  harvest-home. 
And  wave  the  votive  sheaves  on  liigh. 

The  house  our  fathers  built  to  Thee, 
'Jlid  human  works  no  longer  stands,  ^ 

Their  nobler  shrine  by  faltli  we  see  — 
That  house  in  heaven  not  made  with  hands. 

Thanks  for  the  memory  of  the  Sires, 
Their  lofty  zeal,  their  strenuous  life; —    ^ 

Our  hearts  with  hope  that  memory  fires. 
And  nerves  our  souls  for  Christian  strife. 


While  ages  roll  and  worlds  decay. 
Grant  us,  by  faith  and  hope  and  love, 

Bright  visions  of  unchanging  day. 
Fair  mansions  in  tlie  realm  above ! 


EXERCISES    AT    THE    CHURCH. 
VI. 

DISCOURSE. 

BY  REV.  EDMUND  B.  "VVILLSOX,  MINISTER  OF  TIIE   SOCIETY. 


VII. 

HYMN    (for    the    occasion), 

BY  KEV.  CHARLES  T.  BROOKS. 

Sung  by  the  Congregation  to  tlie  Time  of  Telemann's  Chant. 


Thou  whose  word  to  being  woke 
Eartli  and  heaven,  this  beauteous  frame, 

Father!  we  to-day  invoke 
Blessings  in  Tliy  liallowed  name  I 

On  this  ancient  Churcli  of  Thine, 
Thou  who  makest  all  things  new, 

O  Eternal  Beauty,  shine! 
Spirit,  shed  Thy  freshening  dew! 

May  the  calm  of  reverend  age 
Blending  with  the  glow  of  youth 

Mark  her  for  Thy  heritage, 
God  of  Wisdom,  Grace  and  Truth! 


Tender  memories  o'er  this  hour 
Mingling  lights  and  shadows  cast ; 

Songs  of  trust  and  words  of  power 
Cheer  us  from  the  living  past. 

Many  a  sweet  and  saintly  name 
Breathes  a  fragrance  on  the  air, 

.Kindles  here  devotion's  flame, 

Stirs  the  soul  to  praise  and  prayer. 

Perfect  gifts,  O  God,  are  Thine;  - 
May  they  lift  our  souls  above. 

Fill  us  with  Thy  life  Divine, 
Endless  life  and  boundless  love!   / 


vm. 
BENEDICTION. 


BY  REV.  JAJfES  T.  HEWES,  JflMSTEK  OF  THE  FIRST  CHURCH,  IX  SALEM. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON. 


"Walk  about  Ziox,  and  go  round  about  tier;    tell  the  towers 

thereof;     IMAUK     YE     WELL     HER     BULWARKS;     CONSIDER     HER    P^VLACES ; 
THAT  YE  MAY  TELL  IT  TO   THE  GENERATION  FOLLOWING.      FOR   THIS    GOD 

IS  OLTR  God  forever  ^vnd  ever;    he  wili-  be  our  guide  even  unto 
DEATH. —Ps.  xh-iii:  12,  13,  U. 

We  cau  uuderstaud  to-day,  in  some  degree,  the  emotions 
with  which  the  psalmist  wrote,  as  he  looked  upon  the  sacred 
places  which  war  had  spared,  dear  and  still  safe,  beautiful 
as  transfigured  in  the  light  of  religious  associations,  wherein 
the  altar  of  a  past  worship  yet  stood  with  its  fire  unquenched. 

Our  altar  still  stands.  Its  fire  is  burning  yet,  after  a 
hundred  years.  "War  has  passed  over  its  worshippers.  Time 
has  dismissed,  one  by  one,  its  earlier  congregations,  and 
brought,  one  by  one,  new  generations  ■  to  stand  in  their 
places.  We  think  of  those  who  are  to  follow  us,  and  hope 
that  our  children,  and  their  children,  may  worship  Avhere  we 
do  now. 

There  are  times  when,  enamored  with  the  promises  and 
expectations  of  the  future,  the  past  is  not  unlikely  to  seem 
all  a  dead  past,  profitless,  may  be,  even  as  a  study  for  li\iiig 
men  who  hope  to  hold  and  fill  the  present  hour  worthily. 

Believing  progress,  however,  to  be  possible  only  by  chart- 

(9) 


10  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

ing  its  way  along  by  landmarks  that  are  fixed,  and  voyaging 
always  from  certainties  found,  to  other  certainties  sought,  I 
am  sure  that  the  study  of  the  past  can  be  vindicated  equally 
well,  whether  at  the  bar  of  utility  or  of  ideality.  If  it  were 
otherwise,  there  is  a  debt  which  the  present — which  is  the 
future  of  the  past — owes  to  that  past,  and  which  it  will  pay, 
if  it  is  an  honest  present,  to  its  successor. 

He,  indeed,  who  turns  his  back  on  the  past,  on  the  plea 
that  he  must  live  in  and  work  for  the  future,  recognizes  in 
his  very  aspiration  the  lineage  between  the  foregoing  and 
the  aftergoing ;  the  continuity  of  flow  that  makes  the  past 
and  future,  morning  and  evening  of  the  same  day.  There 
is  no  dead  past,  any  more  than  there  is  lifelessness  in  those 
visions  and  imaginings,  which  are  the  ideals  wherefrom  we 
construct  the  future.  All  the  dying  we  know  in  the  uni- 
verse is  a  dying  on — into  life. 

But  to-day  I  scarcely  aspire  even  to  make  a  study  of  the 
past.  A  simple  recital  of  sonie  of  the  leading  events,  and 
just  an  outlining  touch  here  and  there  of  some  of  the  lead- 
ing characters  belonging  to  the  earliest  periods  of  this 
church's  history,  seems  to  me  the  fittest,  in  truth  the  only 
possible,  memorial  that  I  can  ofter  to-day.  To  do  this, 
and  more,  there  is  not  time.  To  do  other  than  this,  and 
leave  this  unattempted,  would  be,  I  am  persuaded,  to  mis- 
take the  wishes  and  the  just  expectations  of  most  of  those 
who  have  assembled  here. 

To  name  one  hundred  years  of  human  history,  especially 
the  last  one  hundred  years,  is  to  start  the  recollective  im- 
agination on  an  excursion  from  which,  if  let  go  unchecked, 
it  would  scarcely  return  in  a  summer's  day.     What  history 


MKMOlMAr,    SEUMOX.  11 

w  rittcn  auil  iinw  rittcn  have  those  years  made  !  Not  to  stray 
iVoiu  our  own  shores,  the  longest  day  of  summer  Avould  not 
sutiiee  to  tidl  how  this  Aiuericji  has  enlarged  and  changed — 
from  a  dozen  and  one  thinly  peopled  colonies,  dependencies 
of  a  distant  kingdom,  lying  along  the  borders  of  our  Kastern 
Sea,  with  no  apparent  tendency  to  integration,  come  to  l)e  a 
powerful  nation  of  thirty-seven  states,  of  continental  width, 
with  [)opulation  four  times  doubled,  notwithstanding  a  war 
which  has  no  parallel  in  modern  times  for  its  havoc  of  life, 
unless  the  late  European  war  has  matched  its  numbers. 
How  should  the  hours  be  enough  to  relate  the  story  of  our 
two  civil  wars  alone,  one  of  which  made  of  the  scattered 
dozen  and  one  provinces  a  consolidated  republic  in  the 
bejjinnino;  of  the  centurv,  and  the  other,  at  its  end,  removed 
by  bloodiest  surgery,  but  needful,  that  seed  of  death,  of 
which  the  nation  must  rid  itself  or  perish  ! 

How  should  all  the  summer  days  be  enough  to  show"  the 
steps  of  that  vast  unfolding  civilization  which  has  bridged 
the  seas,  calls  pupils  from  Japan  to  American  schools  and 
colleges,  gathers  to  a  June  festival  singers  and  musicians  by 
tens  of  thousands,  speaking  half  a  dozen  languages,  from 
the  old  world  and  the  new,  and  brings  the  students  of  every 
science  and  art  and  philosophy,  and  form  of  knowledge,  and 
type  of  religion,  into  one  school  of  fellow-learners,  where 
each  fresh  thought,  and  new  discoverj^  and  latest  certified 
fact,  Ijecomes  the  inmiediate  possession  of  all,  giving  earnest 
that  the  earl}-  christian  vision  may  yet  come  true,  and  man- 
kind extend  its  broader  title  over  all  the  narrower  terms  of 
race  and  place,  making  all  the  nations  that  dwell  on  all  the 
face  of  the  earth,  to  be  of  one  blood  and  of  the  family  of 
the  Everlastinir  Father  I 


12  MEMORIAL    SERMOX. 

A  history  of  a  hundred  years,  though  it  be  but  local 
history  and  deal  with  a  communion  of  a  few  hundred  souls 
only,  has  the  same  elements  of  interest  that  belong  to  the 
larger  story  of  mankind.  It  touches  human  life  at  all 
points. 

With  many,  such  an  occasion  as  this  speaks  first  to  senti- 
ment and  feeling.  If  I  ask  you  to  spend  the  hour  with  me 
among  facts  mostly,  and  to  indulge  me  with  a  pretty  liberal 
sprinkling  of  dates  besides,  it  will  not  be  because  I  despise 
sentiment ;  but  because  first  in  order  comes  the  gathering  of 
the  material  for  it,  the  narrative  ;  the  reconstruction  of  this 
material  into  a  pictured  past,  fresh  with  life,  not  to  say  the 
gathering  of  various  wisdom  from  it,  must  be  left  very  much 
to  you. 

It  is  not  because  of  the  o;reat  ao-c  of  this  reliorious  society 
that  we  keep  this  day  of  memorial.  Ours  is  not  an  old 
church,  as  oldness  is  accounted  in  this  community.  The 
Mother  church  of  us  all,  the  First  Church  in  Salem,  had 
observed  her  own  one  hundredth  anniversary  more  than 
forty  years  before  this  society  was  formed.  We  take  rank 
as  the  fourth  in  the  order  of  time,  of  tlie  congregational 
churches  within  the  present  territorial  limits  of  Salem ;  the 
eiofhth,  if  all  the  churches  formed  from  the  First  Church  are 
taken  into  the  account,  disregai-ding  territorial  limits.  This 
last  number  includes  a  church  in  what  is  now  Beverly,  early 
known  as  Bass  River ;  one  in  Marblehead ;  one  in  Danvers, 
then  known  as  Salem  Village  ;  and  one  in  Peabody,  then 
the  "Middle  District"  of  Salem. 

Of  the  religious  societies  now  existing  in  Salem,  of  all 
denominations,  this  is  the  sixth  in  age ;  the  First,  formed  in 
1629  ;  the  Friends'  Meeting,  in  1658  ;  the  East,  or  church 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  13 

of  the  Eastern  District,  as  it  was  then  lU'sigiiated,  in  1718; 
St.  Peter's  (Episcopal),  in  1733;  the  Third  Congregational 
in  173')  (wliich  is  cither  the  Sonth  or  the  Tabornaele  Church, 
according  as  a  question  of  identity  in  dispute  l)etween  tlicni 
is  decided,  a  question  on  which  this  is  not  tlie  occasion  to 
pass  judgment). 

The  causes  which  led  to  the  gathering  of  this  church,  and 
the  circumstances  attending  it,  were  somewhat  peculiar. 

The  First  Church  had  for  its  minister,  in  the  year  1770, 
Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  a  man  of  about  fifty-four  j-ears  of 
age,  an   able    preacher   and  a  pastor  much  beloved  by  his 
people.     In  the    spring   of  that   year   he  was    stricken   by 
paralysis,  and  his  ^vork  w^as  to  pass  into  other  hands.     He 
had  a  son,  Thomas  Barnard,  junior,  edncated  for  his  own 
profession,  and  wlio,  though  Init  twenty-two  years  old,  liad 
been  four  years  out  of  college  and  had  completed  his  pre- 
paratory professional  studies.     He  was  employed  to  supply 
his  fathers  pulpit  till  the  next  annual  meeting  of  the  parish, 
a  term  of  some  five  or  six  months.     This  he  did  so  accept- 
ably to  a  considerable   part   of  the   people,  that    a   strong 
desire  was  felt  by  them  to  make  him  a  colleague  pastor  with 
his  father.     In  this,  however,  there  was  not  unanimity.     So, 
when  the  question  came  up,  as  it  did  from  time  to  time  in 
church  and  parish,  between  the  first  of  December,  1770,  and 
the  middle  of  the  following  summer,  whether  other  candi- 
dates should  be  heard,  or  Mr.  Barnard  the  younger  should  be 
settled,  the  vote  was  very  evenly  balanced  on  several  occa- 
sions.    Once,  in   the  church,  the  vote  was  just  equal ;    at 
another    time,  for   hearing   others,   nine;    for   not  hearing 
more,  seven;  and  neuter,  four  (male  members  only  voting). 
After  a  time  the  (picstion  took  the  form  of  a  choice  between 


14  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

Mr.  Barnard  and  Mr.  Asa  Dunbar,  who,  meantime,  had 
become  deservedly  a  favorite  candidate  in  the  church,  and 
was  afterwards  settled. 

On  the  10th  of  June,  1771,  a  vote  was  taken  with  the 
result :  for  Mr.  Dunbar,  thirteen  ;  against,  eleven.  And  yet 
there  was  delay.  The  parish  was  divided,  like  the  church, 
just  about  equally.  A  meeting  of  the  society  was  held  on 
the  26th  of  June,  at  which  a  liroperty  vote  was  taken,  which 
gave  a  majority  for  concurring  in  the  choice  of  Mr.  Dunbar, 
of  "*/i"  (four  shillings  and  one  penny). 

A  property  vote  is  defined  in  the  records  as  one  in  which 
the  "votes  were  accounted  accordino;  to  the  several  interests 
of  the  voters  in  proportion  to  their  several  taxes  :"  pew,  or 
church  taxes  it  is  presumed.  By  such  a  vote  it  was  finally 
decided,  Nov.  25,  1771  (£97-13-8^  to  £81-9-9^)  that 
the  proprietors  would  concur  with  the  church  in  the  choice 
of  Mr.  Dunbar.* 

No  wonder  that  there  should  have  been  reluctance  on  the 
part  of  the  majority  to  push  matters  to  a  decision,  when 
decision  threatened  to  be  division.  The  minority  was  nearly 
half  the  people.  It  embraced  many  high!}''  esteemed  for  their 
intelligence  and  moral  worth ;  one  who  had  held  the  oflice  of 
Ruling  Elder  in  the  church  thirty-five  years  ;  one  of  the 
deacons,  nearly  twenty  years  in  ofiice  and  much  respected; 
three  out  of  five  of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Propri- 
etors for  the  year  just  preceding ;  the  gentlemen  chosen 
Clerk  and  Treasurer  this  same  year  of  1771  ;  and  not  a  few 


*At  one  time  a  proposition  Avas  made  and  voted  aflirmatively,  to  lay  aside  both 
these  candidates;  and  a  later  attempt  to  repeal  this  vote  failed.  But,  of  course,  at 
this  stage  of  the  contest  it  made  no  difference.  Each  party  clung  to  its  favorite 
with  greater  determination. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  '  15 

Iciuliiiij;  the  weight  of  social  importance  and  hirge  wealth  to 
thiMi-   opposition.* 

Meantime,  also,  a  tender  regard  for  the  presumed  prefer- 
ence of  the  sick  elder  pastor,  however  scrupulously  he  might 
refrain  from  giving  it  expression,  had  its  influence,  without 
doubt,  to  contirm  the  minorit}^  in  their  choice,  and  to  induce 
hesitation  in  the  majority. 

The  controversy  could  have  but  one  event.  The  delay 
wTought  no  change  of  purpose  or  feeling  on  either  side,  and 
when  towards  the  end  of  the  year  it  became  apparent  that 
neither  could  yield,  propositions  began  to  be  made  and  con- 
sidered for  a  friendly  separation,  which  was,  soon  and  without 
serious  difficulty,  effected.  Those  wdio  stood  by  the  church, 
settling  ]Mr.  Dunl)ar,  handsomely  agreed  to  buy  the  pews  of 
those  who  desired  to  leave,  at  such  jDrices  "as  three  or  more 
indifferent  men  might  value  them  at."  And  a  like  amicable 
arrangement  was  made  with  regard  to  the  church  property. 
The  departing  members  asked,  wdth  a  confiding  assurance 
that  their  proposal  would  be  met  in  a  generous  spirit,  that 
they  might  be  dismissed  "with  a  just  and  equitable  part  of 
the  temporalities"  of  the  church.  And  their  confidence  was 
not  misplaced.  Five-twelfths  of  all  that  belonged  wholly  to 
the  church  was  divided  to  them ;  and  they  express  no 
discontent  with  the  apportionment. 

It  is  nothing  unusual  for  a  church  to  owe  its  origin  to  a 
dissension  among  friends  and  members  of  the  same  church. 
I  suppose  this  perhaps  to  be  the  rule,  other  causes  the 
exceptions,  in  the  history  of  church  "origins." 

*I  ran  count  the  names  of  nearly  thirty  pew  holders  of  the  First  Church  in 
1771,  which  appear  in  the  flrst  list  of  pew  purchasers  in  the  new  North  Church;  which 
number  I  suiipose,  did  not  include  the  names  of  all  the  families  which  were  occupants 
of  pews,  and  which  left  the  First  Church  to  become  worshippers  at  the  North. 


16  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

But  in  this  case  was  no  rancorous  quarrel  running  into 
harsh  aspersions,  no  charge  of  bad  motive,  no  schismatic 
bitterness  over  mistatable  differences  of  doctrine.  The 
genuine  regrets  of  parting  friends  have  left  their  frequent 
traces  on  the  pages  of  the  records  we  have  searched.  They 
will  not  suffer  themselves  to  forget  what  is  due  to  christian 
courtesy  and  an  ancient  and  honorable  fellowship.  They 
do  not  indulge  in  those  criminations,  which  many  times 
make  the  church  strife  so  much  more  reckless  and  disrepu- 
table than  ordinary  worldly  contentions. 

There  was  soreness  and  lamentation ;  if  possibly  a  drop 
of  anger  on  either  side,  at  what  was  deemed  an  unyielding 
obstinacy  on  the  other,  it  came  to  no  angry  utterance  and 
its  complaint  sounded  more  like  a  sorrow.  The  brethren 
and  sisters  asking  a  dismission  from  the  church,  allude  to 
the  divisions  which  have  arisen,  say  they  have  desired  and 
sought  to  prevent  a  separation,  "and  that  we  might  still  con- 
tinue (as  through  the  goodness  of  God  for  many  years  past 
we  have  done)  in  perfect  peace  and  unity."  But  as  "for 
diverse  reasons  we  cannot  consent  to  the  callins:  and  settlino- 
Mr.  Dunbar  .  .  .  with  so  small  a  majority  (if  any)  of 
the  church,"  there  seems  "no  way  left  for  us  but  separation." 
They  hope  they  may  still  have  "occasional  communion"  with 
those  they  are  leaving.  "And  now,  brethren,"  they  say, 
"not  doubting  of  your  complying  with  our  reasonable  desire, 
it  shall  not  cease  to  be  our  ardent  wish  and  prayer  that  we 
may  so  conduct  our  parting  as  shall  cast  no  reflection  on  our 
holy  religion  or  on  ourselves ;  and  that,  although  we  may 
hereafter  worship  in  separate  assemblies,  our  hearts  may  ]3c 
united,  and,  by  our  christian  deportment  to  each  other,  we 
may    .     .     .    meet  in  that   blessed   assembly  whose  peace. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  17 

unity  and  charity  ^vill  iiover  fail,  and  where  discord  Avill 
find    no    })laco." 

Evi'iy  kind  word  was  reciprocated  by  the  clinrch.  Kveiy 
reasonable  expectation  was  met.  True,  the  brethren  of  the 
church  expressed  ahnost  pathetically  their  "great  concern 
and  uneasiness  at  so  nnhappy  a  breach  and  separation ;" 
declared  tliat  the}-  had  used  their  utmost  endeavors  to 
prevent  it ;  that  they  were  sensible  how  much  the  interest  of 
religion  and  peace  and  the  tranquillity  of  the  people  depend 
on  their  being  united.  They  "even  now  wish  that  those 
brethren  would  consider  the  matter  and  not  urge  a  dismis- 
sion, as  w'e  [they]  know  of  no  just  reasons  why  any  should 
object  to  the  choice  of  Mr.  Dunbar,"  wdiom  they  consider 
"admirably  qualified  for  a  gospel  preacher,  and  as  we  [they] 
think,  full  as  likely  to  promote  the  true  interest  of  religion 
as  any  other  whatever."  They  conclude  :  "But  if  God  in 
his  holy  providence  has  so  ordered  it  as  that  this  small 
church  must  be  divided  and  split  in  pieces,  and  these 
brethren  will  separate  from  us,  we  herein  join  with  them 
in  the  wish  (as  it  shall  be  in  our  endeavor)  that  a  spirit 
of  love  and  Christian  fellowship  may  continue  between  us 
notwithstanding  our  separation." 

I  am  impressed  with  the  honor  and  fairness  which  charac- 
terized these  proceedings.  It  is  rarely  that  a  church  falling 
into  division  hopeless  of  cure,  and  coming  to  be  cut  in  very 
halves,  still  bears  itself  with  a  patience  and  generosity  such 
as  were  here  exhiluted ;  or  that  a  seceding  body  carries  its 
difficult  purpose  through  wdth  so  little  record  of  passion  and 
acrimony,  so  much  of  honorable  feeling. 

This  general  maintenance  of  a  spirit  of  good-will  was  no 
doubt  aided  much  by  the  relationship  existing  between  two 
of  the  three  men  about  whom  these  movements  and  interests 


18  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

principally  centred :  the  crippled  father,  pastor  of  the  First 
Church,  fully  possessing  the  love  and  respect  of  both  sides, 
and  his  son,  the  warm-hearted  young  man,  minister-elect 
of  the  church  that  was  to  be,  who  had  so  gained  the 
affection  of  those  who  adhered  to  him,  that  they  were 
willino;  to  encounter  the  costs  and  risks  of  foundino;  a 
new  church  (and  that,  be  it  remembered,  when  the  times 
were  troubled  and  the  future  uncertain)  as  well  as  to  take 
the  pangs  of  breaking  old  bonds,  numerous,  close  and 
sacred,  rather  than  forego  the  ministrations  of  the  man 
they  had  chosen. 

As  a  proof  of  the  interest  taken  by  the  senior  pastor  of 
the  First  Church  in  the  new  enterprise  that  made  his  son  the 
shepherd  of  half  the  flock  he  had  himself  lately  tended,  and 
as  showing  how  the  joint  possession,  as  it  were,  of  the  father, 
by  the  two  churches,  and  their  common  love  and  veneration 
for  him,  Avould  tend  to  bridge  the  chasm  naturally  widening 
between  them,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard, 
senior,  invalid  as  he  was,  copied  the  entire  bod}^  of  the 
records  of  the  First  Church  into  the  volume  which  was  to 
contain  the  records  of  the  North  Church ;  so  that  we  have 
the  records  of  the  First  Church  complete,  as  introductory  to 
our  own,  written  out  fairly  and  legibly  by  the  elder  Barnard's 
own  hand,  making  one  hundred  and  sixty-seven  closely 
written  foolscap  pages. 

I  shall  find  no  better  place  than  this,  though  a  little  in 
anticipation  of  the  natural  progress  of  my  narrative,  to  tell 
how  well  justified  was  the  judgment  of  either  party  in  the 
matter  at  issue,  and  how  fully  the  ancient  communion  was 
before  long  restored  between  them,  and  how  faithfully  it  was 
maintained  afterwards. 

Mr.  Dunbar  proved  himself  the  well-furnished  and  com- 


:memorial  SEiniox.  19 

potent  minister  that  his  su^jporters  took  him  to  be  ;  while 
the  long  and  nsei'nl  pastorate  of  Thomas  Barnard,  junior,  in 
the  North  Church,  showed  that  the  devotion  with  which  he 
had  inspired  his  early  friends  was  no  ephemeral  enthusiasm ; 
it  became  a  steady  and  life-long  esteem  founded  upon  the 
substantial  qualities  of  personal  worth. 

When  Mr.  Barnard  (of  the  North  Church)  gave  the  Hand 
of  Fellowship  to  Mr.  Dunbar's  successor,  Mr.  John  Prince, 
in  1779,  the  act  was  made  more  than  usually  graceful  and 
cordial  by  his  reference  to  the  man  who  had  been  the  pre- 
ferred and  successful  candidate  for  the  place,  which  it  had 
once  been  hoped  that  he  might  himself  fill.  He  mentions 
him  as  the  "pastor  uncommonly  dear"  to  his  people,  and 
adds  :  "I  feel  peculiarly  happy  this  day,  when  I  consider 
that  this  event  unites  our  churches  together,  which  were 
originally  of  the  same  body,  in  every  christian  office  of  love 
and  friendship."  And  he  went  home  to  record  upon  the 
church  book :  "Every  lover  of  peace  rejoiced  heartily  on 
this  occasion,  for  it  settled  a  long  difference  wdiich  had  sub- 
sisted between  them,  and  united  them  in  the  bonds  of 
friendship." 

The  ministers  of  these  two  churches,  Thomas  Barnard 
and  John  Prince,  were  from  that  day  fast  friends.  Their 
friendship  endured  unbroken  for  a  period  of  thii-ty-five 
years,  till  the  minister  of  the  First  Church  came  to  comfort 
the  people  of  the  North,  suddenly  bereaved,  by  deatli,  of 
their  beloved  minister ;  Avhen  he  betrayed,  in  word  and 
manner,  that  his  own  sense  of  loss  was  scarcely  less,  if  less, 
than  that  of  the  most  attached  parishioners  of  his  friend. 
They  two  had  been  of  one  mind  and  one  heart.  Both  liberal, 
practical,  valuing  personal  character  and  honest  devotion  to 


20  MEMORIAL    SERMOX. 

truth  above  the  formulated  doctrines  of  church  creeds,  they 
had  been  sincere  fellow-lal)orcrs  in  the  christian  church, 
giving  and  receiving  sympathy  in  severe  personal  trials, 
which  had  come  to  each  in  turn.  The  friendship  which 
found  expression  in  the  sermon  preached  by  Dr.  Prince, 
after  the  death  of  Dr.  Barnard,  tender  in  feeling,  and  warm 
with  discriminating  praise,  was  a  fit  and  beautiful  ripening 
into  expression  of  that  fraternal  spirit  which  had  at  no  time 
been  fatally  ruptured  between  the  First  and  North  Churches, 
and  was  now  cemented  more  closely  than  ever.* 

On  the  14th  of  February,  1772,  a  piece  of  land  on  the 
corner  of  North  and  Lynde  streets,  where  the  dwelling 
house  of  the  Hon.  Otis  P.  Lord  now  stands,  was  bouo:ht 
for  a  meeting  house  lot,  in  anticipation  of  the  wants  of  the 
future  society. f  There  were  forty-two  associates  in  the  pur- 
chase, and  John  Nutting,  who  sold  the  land,  made  the 
forty-third  proprietor.  On  the  3d  of  March  following, 
the  proprietors  of  this  land  met  at  the  Town  Hall,  in  obe- 
dience to  a  warrant  issued  by  Peter  Frye,  Esq.,  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  and  served  by  Clark  Gayton  Pickman,  one  of 
the  proprietors,  and  proceeded  to  an  organization.  This 
was,  in  fact,  the  legal  institution  of  the  society  known  as 
The  Proprietors  of  the  JSforth  Meeting  House,  by  popular 
designation  "the   North    Society,"  although  the  m^ijor  part 


*In  a  note,  Dr.  Prince  records  the  following  interesting  particulars :  —  "  It  is  a 
singular  concurrence  in  our  walks  of  life,  and  one  that  has  some  effect  upon  the  social 
feelings,  that  we  were  educated  at  the  same  university,  and  after  Ave  gradiiated  kept 
the  same  schools  in  the  same  town;  studied  divinity  with  the  same  clergyman;  settled 
in  the  ministry  in  the  same  town  ;  the  same  person  preached  our  ordination  sermons; 
and  we  received  honorary  degrees  from  the  same  university." 

fOu  the  western  line,  I  am  told  by  one  of  our  most  indefatigable  and  trustworthy 
antiquarians,  Wm.  P.  Upham,  Esq.,  of  what  was  early  known  as  Sharpe's  Training 
Field. 


.MKMOIMAL    SEKMON.  21 

of  thoso   who    constituted  its  incnibership  weiv    still   mciu- 
bers   of  the    First    ('Imivli   or   l*;irisli. 

The  lii'st  vote  after  orgaui/atioii  was  "that  tlic  land 
aforesaid  be  improved  by  erecting  thereon  a  meeting  house 
for  the  public  worshipping  of  God,  for  the  use  of  the  pro- 
prietors." The  second :  "That  AVilliam  Browne,  Edward 
Augustus  Ilolyoke,  Joseph  Bhuiey  and  Samuel  C'urwen, 
Esqs.,  and  Messrs.  John  Felt,  and  Kichard  AVard,  and  Chirk 
Ga}i:oii  Pickman,  be  a  committee  for  the  Iniilding  of  said 
meeting  house,"  and  "the  question  being  put  whether  the 
proprietors  woukl  give  any  particular  directions  to  the  com- 
mittee about  the  building  said  house — it  passed  in  the 
negative :"  an  instance  of  rare  and  commendable  absti- 
nence from  the  exercise  of  that  careful  scrutiny  so  natural 
to  the  Xew  England  mind,  which  trusts  nothing  to  official 
agents,  loves  to  see  to  everything  for  itself,  not  neglecting 
to  inspect,  supervise  and  advise  concerning  every  minute 
detail,  however  unfamiliar,  of  which  the  pages  of  early 
records,  both  ecclesiastical  and  municipal,  bear  such  ample 
testimony. 

On  the  11th  of  May  the  laying  of  the  foundation  for 
the  new  meeting  house  was  begun.  It  was  first  opened 
for  public  worship  on  Sunday,  Aug.  23,  1772,  though  not 
yet  nearly  completed.  After  occupying  it  three  Sundays  the 
proprietors  determined  to  add  side-galleries,  which  had  not 
been  originally  contemplated  in  the  plan  of  the  building 
committee,  and  Avhich  added  thirty-eight  pews  to  the  one 
hundred  and  one  which  took  up  the  space  upon  the  lower 
floor. 

Early  in  Oetober,  the  bell,  which  had  been  ordered  from 
London,  arrived.     On  the    ll>th   of  October  the  spire  was 


22  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

raised.  It  was  not  till  the  early  part  of  the  following  3^ear, 
however,  that  the  house  was  considered  iinished,  and  that 
the  pews  were  sold ;  nearly  five  months  after  the  society 
beo-an  to  meet  in  it. 

This  was  called  "the  large  new  meeting  house"  in  the 
papers  of  that  time.  From  the  frequency  with  which  it  was 
asked  for  for  civic  celebrations  on  the  4th  of  July,  and  for 
other  public  days,  it  is  inferred  that  it  must  have  been  —  and 
indeed  it  is  well  remembered  by  many  of  you  to  have  been — 
one  of  the  most  spacious  and  commodious  churches  of  the 
town.  Its  precise  dimensions  we  do  not  find :  we  should 
probably  have  had  them  among  the  records,  to  the  size  of 
every  joist,  if  the  proprietors  had  not  given  everything  in 
such  a  trusting  manner  to  that  Building  Committee.  Its 
one  hundred  and  one  pews  on  the  lower  floor  were  square 
and  roomy,  and  foiu-  broad  aisles  ran  lengthwise,  north  and 
south,  giving  eight  tiers  of  pews  in  width.  Its  tower  end, 
the  front,  was  upon  Lynde  street,  the  tower  itself  rising 
from  the  ground,  and  containing  the  vestibule  to  the  church 
on  the  first  floor,  and  the  entrance  to  the  organ  and  singing 
gallery  on  the  second  floor.  Originally,  it  was  surmounted 
by  a  spire  ;  but  this  being  regarded  as  insecure  some  twenty 
years  after,  and  requiring  frequent  and  costly  repairs,  it  was 
taken  down  in  1796,  and  replaced  by  a  simple  cupola,  or 
dome,  covering  the  belfry,  the  form  in  which  it  is  rememl)ered 
by  those  who  look  back  thirty-eight  years.  The  outside 
entrances  were  five  ;  three  into  the  tower  on  its  noilh,  east 
and  west  sides,  and  two  on  the  southern  end  of  the  main 
buildins,  near  the  corners.  One  broad  entrance  led  from  the 
porch  in  the  tower  to  the  interior  of  the  house.  There  was 
no  side  entrance  to  the  body  of  the  building.      The  pulpit 


MKMOIMAL    SKIJMOX.  23 

was  on  tlio  southern  ond.  A  carriaiii^-way  passed  ai'oimd  on 
the  eastern  and  southern  siiU*s,  the  siiU's  not  lyinij;  on  the 
broader  streets.  That  tirst  meeting  house  conthiued  to  be 
used  as  a  house  of  -worship  till  this  house  was  built,  in 
18^50.  It  was  afterwards  appropriated  to  nianufaeturing"  and 
other  purposes  for  a  while,  and  after  some  years  was  taken 
down.* 

The  corner-stone  of  (his  ehureh  building  was  laid  May 
1(5,  1835  (sixty-three  years,  almost  to  a  day,  from  the 
laying  of  the  foundation  of  the  lirst  building) .  It  was  dedi- 
cated June  22,  1836.  Its  interior,  at  first  finished  very 
plain  and  without  ornament,  was  renewed  and  brought  into 
its  present  tasteful  form,  under  the  cultivated  eye  and  expe- 
rienced direction  of  that  lover  of  the  beautiful,  the  late 
Francis  Peal)ody,  Esq.,  in  1847.  The  plat  of  ground  on 
which  it  stands  is  bounded  on  its  eastern  side  by  land  which 
was  once  in  possession  of  Roger  AVilliams  :  his  homestead. 

In  the  earlier  periods  of  New  England  Congregationalism, 
the  church  as  distinct  from  the  assembly  of  worshippers — or 
the  parish,  or  town,  as  the  case  might  be  —  took  the  lead  in 
all  matters  pertaining  to  public  worship,  the  call  and  settle- 
ment of  pastors,  the  determination  of  the  conditions  of 
communion,  the  use  of  ordinances,  and,  indeed,  pretty  much 
everything   but   the   raising   and   approi)riation   of  money. 

The  parish,  for  the  most  part,  limited  itself  in  quiet  times 
to  concurrence  in  the  doings  of  the  church,  in  all  matters  in 
which  they  had  a  common  interest ;  though  the  concurrence 


*  No  picture  of  it  has  been  preserved ;  but  a  recent  attempt  to  present  a  view  of  its 
front  has  been  made,  and  is  generally  regarded  Ity  those  who  remember  its  appearance, 
as  a  faithful  likeness.  The  drawing  of  which  the  cut  in  the  appendix  is  a  copy, 
now  in  jjossession  of  the  Essex  Institute,  was  executed  by  Dr.  George  A.  Perkins, 
partly  from  memory  and  partly  from  a  sketch  fnade  when  the  church  was  standing. 


24  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

was  no  mere  form,  as  repeated  instances  of  refusal  to  concur 
in  church  action  on  the  part  of  parishes  sufficiently  attest. 
It  was  a  voluntary  thing :  this  surrender  of  precedence. 
Usage  alone  gave  it  autliority.  Moreover,  the  congregation 
easily  made  its  wishes  known  through  those  who  were 
members  of  both  bodies,  and  often  took  the  initiative  in 
accomplishing  its  objects  by  prompting  the  cliurch  to  act, 
rather  than  by  asserting  absolutely  its  own  coequal  power, 
or  even  the  power  of  veto.  The  perfect  independency  of 
each  conofreo-ation  in  determining  its  own  internal  order,  and 
manao-ino;  its  own  affairs,  was  the  cardinal  and  distinctive 
principle  of  Congregationalism. 

This  principle,  as  such,  knows  nothing  of  that  division,  or 
distinction,  wliich  has  usually  existed  within  the  congregation, 
into  two  bodies  :  of  church  and  society.  Nor,  where  such 
two  bodies  exist,  does  it  settle  their  relations  to  each  other. 
But  the  usage  has  been,  and  more  especially  in  former  times, 
as  I  said,  to  allow  the  church  not  only  to  organize  itself,  and 
conduct  its  affairs  in  its  own  way,  but  to  have  habitual  prece- 
dence, where  the  two  had  a  joint  interest  or  joint  obligations. 
The  liability  of  jar  or  opposition  between  them  was  reduced 
to  a  remote  probability,  hj  the  fact  that  the  leaders  in  both 
society  and  church  were  for  the  most  part  the  same  persons. 
The  church,  it  will  be  seen,  was  an  institution  relatively  of 
much  more  power  and  importance  a  hundred  years  ago  than 
now.  It  was  recognized  as  the  heart  of  the  religious 
organism,  and  the  seat  of  its  life. 

Not  unnaturally,  therefore,  the  organization  of  the  North 
Church  occupies  a  more  prominent  place,  and  its  doings 
are  more  minutely  detailed  upon  the  records  of  our  early 
history,  than  the  organization  and  proceedings  of  the 
society  itself. 


MEMOKIAL    SKHMOX.  25 

Oil  the  KUh  of  May,  177l\  tlii>  First  Church  voti-d  to 
grant  the  request  of  the  tifty-two  hrcthicu  and  sisters,  who 
asked  a  dismissioyr  that  they  iniiiht  Ix'eoiue  a  ehureh  con- 
nected Avith  this  society. 

On  the  IDth  of  July,  the  day  we  commemorate,  these 
fift^'-two  met  at  the  house  of  tlic  venerable  Col.  Benjamin 
Pickman,  senior,  for  oraanization.  Col.  Pickmau  lived  in 
the  house  no"sv  standing  on  Essex  street,  opposite  to  St. 
Peter  street,  ])iiilt  by  himself,  and  at  the  present  time 
owned  by  Mrs.  Le  jSIasters ;  its  upper  windows  may  still 
be  seen  rising  above  the  row^  of  one-story  shops  extending 
along  its  front ;  it  was  one  of  the  most  elegant  houses  of 
the  town. 

The  Rev.  Dr.Whittaker  of  the  Third  Church— afterwards 
"the  Tabernacle" — a  noted  preacher,  then  at  the  zenith  of  a 
not  long  enduring  popularity,  attended  and  otFered  prayer. 
The  church  adopted  the  covenant  of  the  First  Church  :  the 
same  to  which,  as  members  of  the  First  Church,  they  had 
before  subscribed ;  "hereby,"  they  say,  "recognizing  and 
renewing  the  substance  of  the  First  Covenant  entered  into 
by  our  pious  ancestors  at  their  first  founding  a  church 
in  New  England  in  this  town,  Aug.  6,  1G29,  professing 
ourselves,  nevertheless,  to  be  in  charity  wdtli  all  men  wdio 
love  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  in  sincerity  and  truth."  This 
covenant  icas  a  covenant,  not  a  creed,  nor  containing  a 
creed.  It  simply  bound  them  to  walk  together  in  all  the 
ways  of  God,  "as  he  is  pleased  to  reveal  himself  unto  us 
in  his  Blessed  Word  of  truth." 

I  do  not  stop  to  inquire  whether  tliey  could  be  sure  that 
they  had  the  very  covenant  of  Aug.  6,  1629,  letter  for 
letter.     The}'  believed  they  had  the   same,   as,  no  doubt, 


26  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

they  had  substantially ;  as  such  they  revered  and  retained 
it,  adding  only  their  broad  profession  of  charity  with  all 
lovers  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

To  their  acceptance  of  this  elder  covenant  they  add 
somewhat,  to  be  sure,  but  rather  in  the  nature  of  reiteration 
of  a  few  of  its  obligations,. than  as  adding  new  ones.  While 
it  is  true,  at  the  same  time,  that,  incidentally,  they  show 
that  they  believed  in  God,  as  "Father,  Son,  and  Holy 
Ghost ;"  in  "the  Holy  Scriptures  contained  in  the  old  and 
new  testaments,"  "taking  them  for  our  [their]  sole  and  suffi- 
cient rule  of  faith  and  practice  ;"  and  that  they  relied  "upon 
the  atonement  purchased  by  the  blood  of  the  great  Mediator 
for  the  pardon  of  our  [their]  manifold  sins."  Theirs  was 
the  faith  of  their  time. 

Within  the  next  few  months,  and  before  the  ordination  of 
the  minister,  from  twenty  to  thirty  more  members  had 
been  admitted  to  the  church,  making  a  membership  of 
seventy-five  to  eighty  persons. 

At  a  meeting  held  on  the  20th  of  August  (1772),  they 
voted  that  this  should  be  called  the  North  Church.  The 
same  day  Thomas  Barnard,  junior,  was  fonnally  chosen  its 
pastor.  John  Nutting,  who  had  held  the  same  office  for 
thirty-five  years  in  the  First  Church,  and  Joshua  Ward,  who 
for  nearly  twenty  years  had  been  a  deacon  of  that  church, 
were  chosen  ruling  elders,  and  Samuel  Holman  and 
James  Gould,  deacons.  It  was  voted  that  the  Lord's 
Supper  should  be  administered  on  the  last  Sunday  of 
every  month. 

The  church  and  society  were  now  fully  organized.  The 
meeting  house  was  so  far  advanced  that  it  was  to  be  used 
for  public  worship  on  the  next  Sunday,  though  it  required 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  27 

cxtomporizod  scats  and  other  coiiveiiienccs  for  the  present. 
The  minister  had  been  nnanimously  chosen,  and  was  their 
preacher  already,  though  not  to  be  ordained  till  the  house 
should  be  finished.  From  August  to  the  next  Januaiy,  the 
time  of  his  ordination,  Mr.  Barnard  preached  regularly,  and 
all  the  usual  church  rites  were  duly  observed.* 

The  ordination  of  Mr.  Barnard,  which  took  place  on  the 
13th  of  January,  1773,  crowned  with  fruition  the  hopes  of 
those  who  for  two  and  a  half  years  had  been  so  steadily 
seeking  his  settlement  as  their  minister ;  first,  if  it  were 
possible,  in  the  old  church  of  their  fathers ;  if  not  possible 
there,  in  a  new  one. 

A  little  scene  which  occurred  at  the  ordination  must  have 
touched  all  hearts. 

Mr.  Barnard's  paralytic  father,  the  senior  pastor  of  the 
First  Church,  was  present  and  when  Rev.  Mr.  Diman  of 
the  East  Church,  who  gave  the  Hand  of  Fellowship,  had 
first  welcomed  the  newl}^  gathered  church,  and  then  its 
young  pastor,  to  the  communion  of  the  neighboring  churches, 
he  turned  to  the  elder  Barnard,  saying :  "Reverend  sir,  we 
heartily  congratulate  you  on  the  happy  settlement  of  your 
son.  How  great  is  God's  goodness  !  How  doth  he  bring 
good  out  of  evil,  and  turn  afllictions  into  blessings  !  The 
uncommon  disorder  with  which  you  have  been  visited  and 


*The  first  cliild  of  whose  baptism  in  the  North  Cliurch  a  record  is  found  was 
Abigail,  daughter  of  Jolin  nohnan,  i)resented  August  30,  17"'2.  the  second  Sunday 
on  which  the  churcli  was  occupied.  A  month  later,  September  27th,  there  was 
a  baptism  of  ten  children,  nine  girls  and  one  boy,  which  was  probably  the  origin  of  the 
statement  found  in  the  Salem  Gazette  of  October  27,  1772,  that  "Last  Sunday  (i.  e. 
Oi-t.  2r)th).  were  baptized  in  the  new  Congregational  Church  in  this  town,  ten  infante, 
all  females."  Mr.  William  Gavet,  for  many  years  sexton  of  the  church,  whose  death 
took  place  in  January,  18.ifi,  at  the  age  of  89,  supposed  himself  to  have  been  the  first 
child  baptized  in  tlie  North  Society;  but  in  this,  as  we  have  seen,  he  was  mistaken.  He, 
together  with  other  children  of  his  fatlier,  Jonatlian  Gavet,  was  baptized  in  January, 
1773. 


28  MEMORIAL,    SERMON. 

taken  off  from  your  public  labors  was  very  grievous ;  but 
it  has  made  way  for  the  settlement  of  your  son,  thus  near 
you,  to  comfort  and  cherish  you  in  your  declining  age,  and 
under  your  many  infirmities ;  which  is  a  very  great  favor 
of  Providence  to  you.  .  .  .  And  then  there  is  this 
happy  circumstance  attending  your  son's  settlement,  that  all 
his  hearers  are  his  friends  who  hear  him  with  pleasure,  and 
therefore  with  candor ;  which  must  also  give  him  pleasure 
and  likewise  freedom  in  speaking,  which  is  a  favor  that  but 
few  enjoy.  And  they  are  not  only  his  friends  but  yours. 
They  highly  esteem  you  in  love,  as  well  as  him,  for  your 
work's  sake.  And  they  have  submitted  to  many  difficulties 
and  been  at  great  expense  to  bring  about  this  settlement. 
The  Lord  bless  them  and  abundantly  reward  them  for  their 
kindness  to  him  and  to  you.  .  .  .  We  bless  God,  dear 
sir,  .  .  .  that  you  have  the  great  comfort  and  satisfaction 
of  seeing  the  public  ministry,  which  you  quitted  with  so 
much  reluctance,  carried  on  by  your  son,  to  the  good  accept- 
ance and,  we  think,  to  the  spiritual  instruction  and  edifica- 
tion, of  so  many  of  your  former  hearers.  As  we  condoled 
with  you  in  your  trouble,  so  we  now  heartily  rejoice  with 
you  in  this  goodness  of  God  to  you." 

A  notice  of  the  ordination,  in  the  "Salem  Gazette"  of  the 
week  following,  ends  with  the  comprehensive  remark  that 
"The  whole  was  carried  on  with  propriety,  elegance  and 
solemnity.  Genteel  entertainments  were  provided  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  town  for  the  council,  ministers,  governors 
and  students  of  Harvard  College  and  all  the  company  that 
were  present  at  the  ordination."* 

*  The  sermon  was  preached  by  Rev.  Mr.  Williams  of  Bradford,  afterwards  Pro- 
fessor of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy  in  Harvard  College,  with  whom  Mr. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  29 

Mr.  Barnard  was  to  receive  ;i  settlement  of  sixty-six 
pounds,  thirteen  shillings  and  four  pence  ;  thirty  pounds  a 
year  were  to  be  paid  to  him  besides,  unless  the  proprietors 
should  furnish  him  with  a  suital)lc  house,  in  which  case  the 
pa\Tnent  of  this  sum  should  cease  ;  and  his  "stated  salary" 
was  to  be  one  hundred  and  thirty -three  pounds,  six  shillings 
and  eight  pence ;  "but  in  case  he  be  taken  off  his  labor,  and 
the  propriety  be  obliged  to  supply  the  pulpit,  then  the 
salary"  was  to  be  "reduced  to  one  hundred  and  six  pounds, 
thirteen  shillings  and  four  pence."  And  further  he  was 
to  receive  "all  the  money  that  is  contributed  unmarked." 

This  unmarked  money,  of  wdiich  frequent  mention  is 
found  in  the  records,  is  explained  by  the  custom  which 
prevailed  for  many  years  of  collecting  the  taxes  for  pews 
in  the  form,  lirst  of  a  weekl}^  then  of  a  monthly  and 
tinally  a  quarterly  collection  taken  in  church,  the  sum  being 
wrapped  in  paper  and  marked  with  the  number  of  the  pew,  or 
the  name  of  the  occupant,  or  both ;  a  regular  account  being 
kept  with  each  tax-payer  and  pew,  and  the  account  adjusted 
at  the  end  of  the  year.  If  it  fell  short,  the  deficiency  was 
to  be  made  up.  If  a  surplus  had  been  contributed,  which 
w^as  not  at  all  unusual,  it  was  credited  on  the  next  year's 
account.  And  as  sometimes  a  stranger,  or  an  occupant  of  a 
pew  who  was  not  a  tax-payer,  desired  to  contribute  some- 
thing, such  sums  w^ere  put  in  with  no  name  or  mark  upon 
•them.  They  were  "the  unmarked  money,"  and  Avere  the 
minister's  perquisite.     Usually  they  amounted  to  very  little  ; 


Barnard  had  pursued  his  professional  studies.  The  prayer  of  ordination  and  charge 
were  by  Kev.  Edward  Barnard  of  Haverliill,  an  uncle  of  the  minister  elect  and 
brother  of  the  senior  pastor  of  the  First  Church.  The  tirst  prayer  was  offered  by  Rev. 
Mr.  Tucker  of  Newbury,  who  had  succeeded  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  senior,  in  the 
ministry  at  Newbury;    the  other  prayer  by  Rev.  Mr.  Swain  of  Wenham. 


30  MEMORIAL,    SERMON. 

sometimes  a  few  cents ;  sometimes  a  dollar  or  more ;  not 
unfrequently  nothing.  The  amount  for  one  whole  year 
(1801)  was  $2.24  ;  another  year  (1802),  $3.47. 

This  society  appears  to  have  had  no  period  of  weak 
infancy.  It  was  strong,  confident  and  assured  of  its  sta- 
bility from  the  beginning.  It  boldly  built  a  large  meeting 
house,  and  sold  nearly  three-fourths  of  its  one  hundred  and 
forty  pews  without  difficulty  and  at  once.  Men  of  wealth 
sustained  it  with  determination,  and  it  had  such  credit  from 
the  start  as  to  draw  the  doubting  and  hesitating  to  its 
support. 

It  had  better  than  financial  strength.  It  was  instituted 
under  the  lead  of  sagacious  and  earnest  men,  who  had  had 
their  character  and  capacity  well  tried  in  other  positions  of 
trust  and  honor.  There  were  good  men  and  women  of 
their  number,  held  in  esteem  alike  for  their  probity  and  their 
charity.  Among  these  names  are  many  identified  with  the 
most  honorable  history  of  the  town  for  the  period  ;  some  of 
them  known  far  beyond  the  limits  of  the  town.  The  vener- 
able Col.  Benjamin  Pickman,  the  first  of  four  in  lineal  order 
who  bore  the  same  name  and  title,  reputed  to  be,  with  a 
single  exception,  more  extensively  engaged  in  commerce 
than  any  other  man  in  the  province ;  a  Judge  of  the  Com- 
mon Pleas  ;  member  of  the  Provincial  Council ;  eminent  for 
patriotic  services  and  public  spirit,  such  as  to  obtain  public 
recognition  and  a  handsome  and  valuable  testimonial  from 
the  legislative  assembly,  while  he  was  no  less  beloved  for 
his  private  virtues ;  now  drawing  towards  the  close  of  a 
long,  useful  and  generous  life; — his  sons.  Col.  Benjaniin 
Pickman,  junior,  William  Pickman  and  Clark  Gay  ton  Pick- 
man,  all  successful  merchants  and  much  respected  citizens, 


-AIKMOIMAI.    SKU.MOX.  31 

whoso  naiuos  "wore  taiuilinr  to  an  earlier  iicnrratioii.  and  are 
not  N'et  torii'otten  in  ihis  eonununit v  ;  —  Col.  \\  illiani  Urowne, 
(lest-ended  iVoni  a  distiniiuisheil  ancestry,  well-educated, 
wealthy,  henexolent  and  at  the  time  a  great  favorite  with 
the  people  ;  a  little  later  a  rludiic  of  the  Superior  Court,  and 
for  a  short  time  of  the  Supreme  Bench,  by  executive 
a[)[)ointment,  though  later  still  a  loyalist  and  refugee;* 
—  Dr.    Kdward   A.   Ilolyoke,  the   widely-known  and  skilful 


*Jiuljre  Browne  was  a  clesceiulant  in  direct  line  from  tlie  Samncl  and  tlie  two  Wil- 
li;'.ui  Urownes,  who.  with  Benjamin,  brother  of  the  second  William,  were  benefactors  of 
Harvard  Collejre.  and  fonnders  of  tlie  Browne  scholarship  in  that  institution.  The 
Brownes  were  liberal  patrons  of  good  learning  in  the  schools  of  Salem,  as  well  as  in 
the  college  at  Canibriilge. 

This  was  not  the  only  William  Browne  who  was  somewhat  widely  known.  He  had 
a  cousin,  William  Burnet  Browne,  for  whom  he  seems  to  have  been  mistaken  by  'Sir. 
Ward,  the  editor  of  "Cnrwen's  Journal  and  Letters."  and  by  Mr.  Sabine  (who  i)erhaps 
followed  Ward)  in  his  "Ameriean  lyOyalists."  Wai'd.  in  his  biograjihical  notice  of  our 
Colonel  William  Browne  (p.  ,104.4111  ed..  1S:>4),  riglitly  says  that  he  was  a  son  of  Samuel 
Browne,  but  incorrectly  adds,  '■  and  a  grandson  of  Gov.  Burnet."  Colonel  William 
Browne  had  an  uncle,  William  Browne,  the  proprietor  of  '•  Ifyal  Side,"  who  married  a 
daughter  of  (iov.  Burnet,  and  had  a  son,  William  [Burnet]  Browne.  This  William 
Burnet  Browne  was  a  cousin,  therefore,  of  Saniuers  son.  William.  Mr.  Sabine  seems 
to  have  lallcn  into  the  same  mistake  (p.  ISO,  of  edition  published  in  1847). 

In  the  commonness  of  the  name  a  doubt  was  suggested  to  tlie  writer,  at  one  time, 
whether  the  William  Browne  who  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Xortli 
Church,  and  Colonel  William  Browne,  the  loyalist  refugee,  and  atlenvards  Governor 
of  Bermuda,  were  the  same  person.  Subsequent  investigation  left  no  room  for  reason- 
able doubt.  Not  onlj-  is  he  designated  as  "Colonel"  William  Browne  upon  the 
records,  but  his  name  which  was  prominent  among  tlie  oflicers  of  the  First  Church 
before  1772,  and  among  those  of  the  North  Church  after  that  date,  su'ldenly  disappears 
entirely  from  the  records  at  just  the  time  when  Colonel  Browne  left  the  country.  More- 
over, at  the  annual  meetmg  of  the  proprietors,  on  Jan.  12,  177S.  the  collectors  were  di- 
rected ••  to  apjily  to  the  Committee  ()f  Safety  of  this  town,  for  all  taxes  now  due  on  the 
pews  belonging  to  William  Browne,  Escj."  Colonel  Browne's  jirojicrty  was  confiscated 
on  account  of  his  adherence  to  the  royal  cause;  and  under  the  circumstances  an  applica- 
tion to  the  Coniiuittee  of  Safety  for  the  unpaid  pew  taxes,  shows  tiie  jiolitical  status  of 
the  pew-holder  to  be  just  that  which  Colonel  William  Browne  held  at  the  time.  Add. 
that  Colonel  Browne  had  pews  both  in  the  First  and  North  Churches,  which  wci'e 
ofl"ered  for  sale  alter  his  departure,  and  we  are  justified  in  saying  that  there  can  be  no 
(|uestioii  that  Colonel  William  Browne,  afterwards  Judge,  then  refugee,  and  later  still 
appointed  Governor  of  Bermuda  by  the  English  Ministry,  was  the  same  who  was 
among  tlie  original  fifty-two  persons  dismissed  from  the  First  Church  to  form  the  North 
Church.  His  mother.  Katharine  Sargent,  was  also  one  of  the  original  members  of  this 
church.  She  was  a  daughter  of  John  and  Ann  Winthrop,  and  married  after  the  death 
of  her  first  husband.  Samuel  Browne,  Colonel  Epes  Sargent  of  Gloucester,  who  re- 
moved to  Salem  not  long  after  their  marriage.  Colonel  Sargent  died  in  17G2.  and  his 
widow  continued  to  live  near  her  son.  Colonel  William  Browne,  on  EsBex  street,  in  a 
house  which  he  built  for  her,  next  hie  own,  in  17G3. 


32  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

physician,  the  courteous  gentleman,  the  modest  and  ex- 
emplary Christian; — Samuel  Curwen,  the  son  of  a  beloved 
minister  of  the  First  Church,  himself  educated  for  the  min- 
istry, but  diverted  by  ill-health  to  commercial  pursuits ;  a 
captain  under  General  Pepperell  at  Louisburg ;  a  Judge  of 
admiralty  at  the  opening  of  the  Revolution ;  a  gentleman 
cultivated  by  letters  and  travel ; — Francis  Cabot,  a  merchant 
of  reputation  and  a  gentleman  of  large  wealth  and  influ- 
ence; —  John  Nutting,  educated  at  Cambridge,  sometime  a 
teacher,  who  had  been  thirty-six  years  a  ruling  elder  in  the 
First  Church,  and  lived  to  fill  the  same  office  for  eighteen 
years  afterwards  in  the  North  Church ;  for  many  years  hold- 
ing various  and  important  offices  under  the  Government ; — 
Joshua  Ward,  the  ardent  patriot,  long  an  officer  in  the  First 
Church  and  in  the  North;  —  his  son,  Eichard,  active  and 
prominent  both  in  military  and  civil  affiiirs ;  —  Nathan 
Goodale,  teacher  and  merchant ;  —  the  worthy  Deacon 
Samuel  Holman,  who  for  forty  years  was  one  of  the 
Standing  Committee  of  the  Proprietors  and  an  officer  of 
the  church,  deacon  and  ruling  elder  until  his  death,  a  period 
of  fifty-three  years ;  —  Col.  David  Mason  and  Capt.  John 
Felt,  those  sturdy  patriots  whose  names  soon  after  became 
connected  with  the  cause  of  popular  liberty  from  their  part 
in  the  afiair  with  the  British  Col.  Leslie  at  North  Bridge,  in 
February,  1775  ; — and  of  younger  men,  Benjamin  Goodhue, 
afterwards  senator,  and  Dr.  William  Paine,  Jacob  Ashton, 
William  Yans — these  are  some  of  the  names  that  stand 
among  the  founders  of  the  North  Church  and  society. 

The  only  time  when,  perhaps,  the  society  may  have  felt 
that  a  serious  breach  had  been  made  into  its  security  and 
strengrth  was  at  the  breakino'  out  of  the  Revolution. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  33 

At  the  first  of  it  the  leading  men  of  the  society  were  on 
the  side  of  tiie  Government.  Tlie  minister  inclined  that 
way  in  the  beginning,  though  not  long.  Col.  William 
Browne,  Joseph  Blaney,  Francis  Cabot,  Samuel  Curwen, 
Benjamin  Pickman  (he  who  was  Benjamin  Pickman,  the 
junior,  at  the  formation  of  the  church  ;  his  father  had  died  in 
1773),  his  brothers,  William  and  Clark  Gayton  Pickman, 
Dr.  Holyoke,  John  Nutting,  Jacob  Ashton,  Weld  Gardner, 
Jonathan  Goodhue,  William  Vans,  Andrew  Dalglish,  Henry 
Gardner,  Nathan  Goodale  and  James  Hastie,  —  th^se  were 
all  disposed  to  support  the  Government ;  certainly  not  all, 
perhaps  not  any,  with  entire  approval  of  the  measures 
adopted  by  the  Government,  but  from  a  conviction,  shared 
largely  by  thoughtful  men  throughout  all  the  provinces,  that 
successful  resistance  would  be  impossible,  and  that  the 
difficulties  between  the  jNIother  Country  and  the  Colonies 
might  be  composed  by  moderate  and  conciliatory  counsels. 
The  greater  number  of  these  loyalists  finally  fell  more  into 
sympathy  with  the  tone  of  feeling  around  them,  and  in  the 
end  adhered  to  the  American  cause.  A  few,  however, 
resolutely  chose  the  other  course  and  joined  the  royal 
standard  and,  when  the  storm  burst,  withdrew  from  the 
countr}^  generally  retiring  either  to  the  eastern  provinces 
or  to  England.  Samuel  Curwen,  William  Browne  and  Ben- 
jamin Pickman  were  among  the  latter ;  and  in  the  very 
interesting  letters  and  journal  of  Mr.  Curwen,  written  during 
the  period  of  his  expatriation,  we  have  a  vivid  picture,  if 
sometimes  a  sad  one,  of  the  struggles  and  heart-sicknesses 
which  these  exiles  endured.  Their  hearts  after  all  yearned 
for  their  early  homes,  and  the  homes  of  their  people.  In 
many  cases    impoverished,   dependent,  tossed   between   re- 


34  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

vivino-  hopes  aiul  new  disappointments,  as  the  fortunes  of 
the  conflict  wavered,  not  altogether  trusted  by  the  Govern- 
ment whose  pensioners  they  were,  they  wore  away  Avearily 
the   slow  years  of  the  war.* 

Two  or  three  votes  found  among  the  records  of  the  pro- 
prietors seem  to  show  that  the  resources  of  the  society  were 
much  aflccted  b}'  the  war. 

At  the  annual  meeting  in  1776,  a  vote  was  passed  to  the 
following  purport: — "Whereas,  the  difficulty  of  the  times 
is  such  tliat,  if  a  tax  for  the  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard's  salary  was 
laid  as  usual,  there  is  great  probability  that  it  cannot  be 
collected ;  therefore  voted  that  a  committee  [of  gentlemen 
named]  be  desired  to  wait  upon  the  Rev.  JNIr.  Barnard,  to 
know  if  he  will  accept,  for  the  present,  of  a  free  contribution 
for  his  support  in  lieu  of  his  salary."  Mr.  Barnard  accepted 
this  proposal  upon  condition  that  it  should  work  no  inva- 
lidity in  the  original  contract  at  his  settlement.  And 
though  there  is  evidence  that  he  did  not  for  a  time  receive 
the  full  amount  of  his  salary  under  this  arrangement,  it 
was  remembered  afterwards,  and  partial  or  full  restitution 
was  made  of  the   sum  deficient;    and  from  iUjout   1795   a 


*Tlie  journal  of  Judge  Cimven  gives  us  also  a  pleasant  glimpse  of  a  fragmentaiy 
contiiniance  of  tlie  fellowsliip  of  the  Xortli  Churcli.  in  the  j-ears  of  their  London  exile. 
He  makes  frequent  mention  of  social  meetings  with  his  old  Salem  friends;  and  often 
alludes  to  his  Sundays,  and  his  manner  of  spending  the  day.  He  became  a  regular 
attendant  at  the  chapel  of  Theophilus  Lindsay,  the  early  and  distinguished  English 
Unitarian  clergyman,  who  left  a  good  living  in  Yorkshire  from  conscientious  objections 
to  some  parts  of  the  liturgy  of  the  Established  Church,  wliich  he  afterwards  altered  for 
use  in  his  London  chapel.  Mr.  Curwen  gives  interesting  notices  of  Priestley  and  Price, 
and  other  ministers  of  less  note,  whom  he  heard  in  London  daring  his  residence  there. 
For  Mr.  Lindsay  he  came  to  entertain  a  very  high  regard,  based  upon  his  tliouglitful 
discourses,  and  his  beautiful  christian  life  and  character.  He  sometimes  took  with  him, 
to  his  Sunday  worship,  his  old  friends  and  felloM'-communicants  Of  the  Nortli  Church, 
Benjamin  Pickman  and  William  Browne;  so,  two  or  three,  at  least,  of  the  brethren  of 
the  North  Church  met  by  the  river  of  Babylon ;  and  who  shall  doubt  that  there  they 
sometimes  wept  (in  secret)  as  they  remembereil  the  New  England  Zion,  and  the  dear 
Salem  of  the  West,  and  that  they  found  it  hard  to  sing  her  songs  in  a  strange  land? 


MEMORIAL    SEKMON.  35 

rt'i>:ul:ir  annual  addition  of  one  hundred  to  three  hundred 
and  tifty  dollars  was  made  to  his  stdary,  and  was  continued 
to  the  end  of  his  life  ;  thus  making  his  salary  at  the  highest, 
however,  but  al)out  nine  hundred  dollars. 

Dr.  Barnard's  ministry  continued  from  Jan.  13,  1773  to 
Oct.  1,  1814,  the  time  of  his  death,  nearly  forty-two  years  ; 
more  than  two-fifths  of  the  century.  He  had  had  no  assist- 
ant, though  nearing  the  end  of  his  sixty-seventh  year,  and 
left  a  fresh  sermon  partly  written  upon  his  table  when  he 
died. 

If  asked,  for  what  ideas  or  what  type  of  influence  this 
church  stood,  during  these  earliest  forty-tv\^o  years,  I  should 
say,  taking  its  pastor  as  its  representative  :  first,  it  stood  for 
the  religion  of  a  true  humanity ;  a  religion  which  made  love 
to  man  the  best  expression  of  love  to  God ;  for  that  inter- 
pretation of  Christianity  which  makes  prominent  its  humane 
spirit.  Dr.  Barnard  was  a  whole-hearted  man.  He  loved 
his  kind.  He  loved  little  children.  Men  of  diverse  tastes 
and  various  culture  found  themselves  drawn  to  him.  He 
won  by  his  own  genial,  sympathetic  and  comprehensive  man- 
liness. You  saw  how  friends  gathered  around  him  in  the 
first  instance  in  the  First  Church.  They  stood  by  him  at 
the  sacrifice  of  life-long  associations  and  deepest  rooted 
affections.  The  spirit  that  animated  himself  he  evoked  in 
others:  He  was  a  reconciler ;  not  by  studied  compromises, 
but  by  native  courtesy  and  magnanimity.  His  generosity 
of  mind  put  generous  construction  upon  other  men's  mo- 
tives, and  by  the  inbred  honor  of  his  character  he  held  the 
confidence  he  gained.  He  proved  that  he  had  courage 
and  sincerity,  or  he  might  have  been  cast  aside  as  a 
time-server.     He  was  a  young  man  of  twenty-seven  only, 


36  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

when  the  Revolutionary  War  broke  out.  With  such  men 
in  his  society  as  Judge  William  Browne,  Col.  Benjamin 
Pickman,  Francis  Cabot,  Judge  Samuel  Curwen,  Dr. 
Holyoke  and  others,  on  the  one  side,  and  the  Wards, 
Col.  Mason  and  Capt.  John  Felt  on  the  other ;  himself 
first  leaning  to  the  side  of  politic  concession,  even  signing 
the  complimentary  address  to  Gov.  Hutchinson,  but  after- 
wards joining  the  party  of  resistance  with  no  equivocal  or 
doubtful  devotion,  and  publicly  recalling  some  of  the  ex- 
pressions to  which  he  had  previously  subscribed,  he  seems, 
nevertheless,  to  have  done  all  with  such  a  frankness,  consci- 
entiousness and  fearlessness,  as  to  put  his  honesty  and 
patriotism  beyond  question,  so  that  he  retained  the  friend- 
ship of  those  who  became  divided  from  each  other. 

In  the  affair  of  Col.  Leslie  at  the  North  Bridge,  he  was 
conspicuous  and  characteristically  the  minister  of  peace. 
Amons;  the  various  and  sometimes  conflicting  accounts  of 
the  prominent  actors  and  scenes  of  that  day,  there  is  a  sub- 
stantial agreement  in  mentioning  Mr.  Barnard's  presence 
and  active  and  successful  efforts  to  prevent  bloodshed. 
Leslie's  force,  three  or  four  hundred  strong,  passed  by  his 
meeting  house  on  their  march  through  Lynde  and  North 
streets,  to  the  North  Bridge.  The  afternoon  congregation 
had  already  been  dismissed  at  the  alarm  that  such  troops 
were  approaching,  and  Mr.  Barnard  lost  no  time  in  pre- 
senting himself  to  the  British  officer,  who  stood  baffled  and 
exasperated  before  the  raised  draw  at  the  North  River,  and 
remonstrating  against  his  threat  to  fire  on  the  people. 
Young  as  he  was,  he  bore  the  difficult  part  of  pacificator 
among  these  angry,  heated  and  hostile  men,  who,  on  either 
side  defiantly  declared  their  intention  to  yield  nothing,  with 


MEMORIAL,    SERMON. 


37 


a  self-possession  and  a  persuasiveness  in  remonstrance, 
which  tinally  succeeded.  Col.  Leslie  gave  his  word  of 
honor,  at  length,  that  if  permitted  to  pass  his  men  over  the 
bridge,  he  would  not  go  beyond  a  certain  number  of  rods. 
The  bridge  was  lowered  and  he  kept  his  word.  The  mood 
of  mind  in  which  so  many  of  the  inhabitants  had  hurriedly 
and  excitedly  assembled  leaves  no  room  for  doubt  that  there 
would  have  been  serious  collision  and  probably  loss  of  life, 
if  the  counsels  of  forbearance  had  not  prevailed. 

I  called  a  few  weeks  since  upon  the  late  Rev.  Charles 
Cleaveland  of  Boston,  who  died  at  the  age  of  one  hundred 
years,  wanting  a  few  days.  He  joined  this  church  in  1791, 
and  from  December,  1804,  to  December,  1806,  was  the  clerk 
of  the  society.  On  my  introduction  to  him  as  the  minister 
of  this  church,  he  exclaimed  :  "O  !  I  love  the  North  Church  ! 
Good  Dr.  Barnard  !  Good  Dr.  Barnard  !"  and  proceeded  to 
express  with  enthusiasm  his  affection  and  reverence  for  that 
excellent  man. 

But  Dr.  Barnard  was  not  merely  the  large-hearted  man. 
He  was  a  respectable  scholar  and  loved  the  fellowship  of 
literary  men  and  good  thinkers.  He  was  a  wise  counsellor 
and  his  aid  was  much  sought  in  the  ecclesiastical  councils  of 
his  time.  He  was  a  preacher  of  popular  and  acceptable  gifts. 
Few  ministers  had  more  frequent  proofs  of  this  in  the  fomi 
of  complimentary  invitations  to  preach  occasional  discourses, 
abroad  and  at  home  ;  many  of  which  were  also  printed. 
He  delivered  the  Dudleian  Lecture  at  Cambridge  in  1795  ; 
preached  before  the  convention  of  congregational  ministers 
in  1793;  before  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company  in  1789  ;  and  ordination  sermons  at  the  settlement 
of  Aaron   Bancroft  in  Worcester  in  1786,  and  of  Ichabod 


38  MEMORIAL   SERMON. 

Nicbols  of  Portland,  Maine,  in  1809  ;  besides  many  other 
discourses  before  charitable  institutions  and  on  days  of  pub- 
lic observance.  A  discourse  preached  on  the  death  of  Gen. 
Washington,  in  1799,  was  published  "by  desire  of  the 
town"  and  it  shows  a  warm  and  admiring  gratitude  for  the 
character  and  services  of  that  great  man ;  a  feeling  which 
obtained  repeated  expression  in  his  public  discourses. 

During  the  ministry  of  Dr.  Barnard  this  pulpit  and  this 
society  stood  also  for  religious  liberty.  Not  negatively 
only,  by  preaching  practical  religion  and  leaving  dogmatic 
divinity  aside,  did  the  minister  of  this  church  discountenance 
bigotry  and  the  over-valuation  of  theological  schemes,  but 
positively,  earnestly,  frequently,  did  he  rebuke  the  spirit- 
ual assumption  and  uncharitableness  which  makes  of  one's 
own  opinion,  or  of  the  interpretation  of  truth  by  one's  own 
church,  a  standard  for  others'  confessions.  I  presume  that 
Dr.  Barnard  was  in  the  earlier  part  of  his  ministry  what  was 
called  then  an  Arminian,  perhaps  towards  the  end  of  his  life 
a  Unitarian.  I  speak  guardedly,  for  though  Dr.  Channing 
so  classed  him,  Dr.  Sanmel  Worcester  of  the  Tabernacle 
Church  declared  that  he  was  not  a  Unitarian.  Their  different 
ways  of  defining  "Unitarian"  would  probably  explain  the 
contradiction  between  them.  Dr.  Channing  was  not  mis- 
taken, in  supposing  that  Dr.  Barnard  was,  in  his  general 
habits  of  thinking,  in  sympathy  with  the  liberal  clergy  of 
his  time.  I  have  heard  a  tradition  that  when  once  a  pa- 
rishioner said :  "Dr.  Barnard,  I  never  heard  you  preach  a 
sermon  upon  the  Trinity,"  he  replied :  "And  you  never 
will."  *     It  is  very  evident  that  the  society  at  the  time  of 

*  Dr.  Prince  says  of  him,  however,  tliat  though  "his  preaching  was  more  practical 
than  metaphysical,"  "  he  did  not  neglect  to  disciiss  any  religious  subject  which  he 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  39 

his  death  in  1814  hjul  had  such  teaching  and  was,  in  its  whole 
organic  life,  so  penetrated  and  moved  by  the  spirit  of  religions 
freedom,  that  it  was  all  ready  to  take,  as  it  did  take  without 
a  consciousness  of  change,  its  place  among  those  churches 
which  about  that  time  were  beginning  to  be  known  and  to 
know  themselves,  as  Unitarian. 

One  of  the  later  and  most  interesting  of  the  minutes 
entered  by  his  hand  upon  the  pages  of  the  church  record 
book,  is  the  reply  sent  by  this  church  to  a  communication 
from  the  Rev.  Abiel  Abbot  and  the  society  of  which  he  was 
the  pastor,  in  Coventry,  Connecticut ;  an  answer  to  the 
request  that  this  church  would  send  delegates  to  an  ecclesi- 
astical council  to  be  held  in  Coventry,  to  advise  them  as  to 
their  duty  under  what  seemed  to  them  an  arbitrary  attempt 
of  neisrhborins:  churches  to  exercise  ecclesiastical  domination 
over  them,  in  clear  violation  of  the  vital  principles  of  con- 
gregational liberty.  This  church  declined  to  send  repre- 
sentatives to  a  council  in  Connecticut,  "thinking  it  not 
proper  for  us,"  they  say,  "to  enter  in  ecclesiastical  form 
another  state,  which,  Avith  the  patronage  of  its  civil  govern- 
ment differs  from  us  in  its  church  discipline."  This  did  not 
prevent  their  severe  condemnation,  however,  of  the  inter- 
ference of  certain  churches  which  had  arrogated  to  them- 
selves the  power  to  dismiss  a  minister  from  his  settlement 
without  his  own  or  his  society's  consent.  But  "we  think," 
is  their  conclusion,  "an  ecclesiastical  council  formed  of 
members  only  from  this  state,  to  take  cognizance  of  your 
affairs,  would  not  be  a  promising  means  under  divine 
Providence   to  free   you   from   the    injuries   of  which   you 

thought  would  throw  lipht  on  the  Scriptures,  inform  the  minds  of  his  hearers,  and  lay 
open  the  designs  of  God  in  the  gospel,  impress  the  minds  of  his  hearers  with  reverence 
and  love,  conflrm  their  faith  and  excite  obedience." 


40  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

complain,  and  to  restore  and  establish  the  rights  you  claim 
as  Christians.  It  might  be  seriously  hurtful  to  you  in  civil 
process  ;  which,  in  our  judgment,  must  issue  3^our  aggrieve- 
ments,  or  perpetuate  them." 

This  letter  was  signed  by  Thomas  Barnard,  "by  the  desire 
and  direction  of  the  church."  But  it  is  evident,  I  think, 
from  these  last  sentences  at  least,  that  it  was  not  drawn  up 
without  consultation  with  legal  minds ;  and  a  church  on 
whose  roll  of  members  stood  the  names  of  Judge  Putnam, 
Ichabod  Tucker  and  Leverett  Saltonstall,  not  to  mention 
more,  had  no  need  to  go  elsewhere  to  find  the  ablest  counsel 
for  its  guidance  on  questions  legal-ecclesiastical. 

Still,  this  letter  was  in  the  very  vein  of  Dr.  Barnard's 
most  habitual  thought  and  discourse.  And  it  was  well  said 
after  his  death  that  "the  influence  of  his  name  assisted  to 
preserve  the  liberties  of  our  churches  from  the  abuses  of 
power  and  the  ignorance  of  misguided  men." 

Dr.  Barnard,  whoso  death  occurred  Oct.  1,  1814,  was 
succeeded  in  the  following  April  by  the  youthful  John 
Emery  Abbot,  son  of  Dr.  Benjamin  Abbot,  for  half  a 
century  the  distinguished  head  of  Phillips  Academy  at 
Exeter,  N.  H.  It  would  be  difficult  to  make  those  of  the 
present  generation,  and  strangers  to  our  history,  understand 
fully  the  very  great  love  and  veneration  with  which  this  rare 
young  man  inspired  his  people  ;  and  which  still  make  his 
name  and  memory  dear  to  the  hearts  of  his  few  surviving 
contemporaries.  Less  than  twentj^-two  years  of  age  when 
he  was  settled ;  assuming  at  once  the  full  burden  of  pastor 
over  a  large  society ;  and  preacher  to  a  congregation  con- 
taining a  large  number  of  persons  of  high  intelligence  and 
culture ;    his   health   never   vigorous ;    he    possessed    such 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  41 

graces  of  spirit.  l)oro  liiinsclf  with  siu-li  a  modest  dignity, 
preiielu'd  with  such  ti  matured  wisdom  and  moving  earnest- 
ness, and  gave  himsell'  so  wliolly  and  ghidly  to  his  ^vork, 
that  the  remembrances  and  traditions  of  his  brief  and 
broken  ministry  of  four  years — barely  two  and  a  half  of 
active  labor  and  ended  more  than  fifty  years  ago — are  more 
distinct,  marked  and  permanent  here  to-day,  than  would  be 
expected  from  a  ministr}^  of  a  quarter  of  a  century. 

Before  lie  had  been  two  years  here  his  health  began  to 
give  "way.  A  journey  and  short  trial  of  a  more  southern 
air,  in  the  fall  of  1817,  proved  of  no  advantage, — it  was 
thought  did  him  injury.  And  though  he  preached  once 
after  his  return,  he  continued  from  that  time  steadily  to 
decline.  In  the  next  spring  and  summer,  of  1818,  he 
rallied  somewhat,  passing  the  season  in  his  native  town.  In 
the  autumn  Avorse  symptoms  reappearing,  he  sailed  for 
Havana,  though  very  feeble,  and  passed  the  winter  in  and 
near  that  city.  The  warmer  climate  brought  no  restoration ; 
and  he  returned  extremely  reduced  to  Exeter  in  June,  1819, 
and  died  there,  at  his  father's  house,  on  the  7th  of  October 
following. 

Mr.  Al)bot  was  a  i»ood  scholar  and  a  conscientious  student. 
But  his  highest  power  lay  in  the  silent  influence  which  ever 
went  forth  from  a  soul  which  Iiad  its  conversation  in 
heaven ;  a  soul  of  deep  religious  sensibility ;  a  character  of 
stainless  purity ;  a  life  which  seemingl}'  exhibited  at  once, 
in  trancpiil  equipoise  and  harmonious  activity,  all  christian 
excellences. 

His  early  death,  the  fading  out  so  soon  of  this  morning 
light  of  beauty  and  promise,  watched  as  it  was  by  so  many 
tearful  eyes  and  sympathetic  hearts,  no  doubt  heightened 
3 


42  MEMOEIAL    SERMON. 

that  exaltation  of  sanctitied  love  by  which  he  became  trans- 
figured in  the  recollection  of  his  people. 

The  coming  of  jNIr.  Abbot  to  the  ministry  of  the  North 
Church  marks  an  epoch  in  its  history,  in  that  it  was  the  first 
taking  of  an  open  stand  by  the  society  on  acknowledged 
Unitarian  ground.  Gradually,  perhaps  unconsciously,  the 
society  and  its  first  minister  had  long  been  tending  to  this 
point.  The  church  had  never  imposed  a  creed  upon  its 
members ;  for  neither  the  broad  covenant  of  the  First 
Church  which  it  reafiirmed,  nor  the  additional  sentences 
which  it  put  with  it,  made  their  subscription  in  any  sense 
subscription  to  a  creed.  Even  those  phrases  which  incident- 
ally disclosed  the  faith  of  the  church  in  certain  doctrines, 
which  it  then  held  but  afterwards  discarded,  were  never 
written  to  be  used  as  a  creed,  nor  were  referred  to  as  such, 
nor  imposed  upon  any ;  and  not  till  long  after  the  church 
was  largely  composed  of  Unitarian  believers,  was  it  deemed 
of  importance  to  change  a  word  of  them  ;  for  they  knew  this 
writing  to  have  been  drawn  and  signed,  not  as  a  statement 
of  what  was  to  be  believed,  but  as  an  engao-cmeut  to  fidelity 
in  certain  duties  to  be  done  and  certain  practical  ends  to  be 
sought.  The  church  was  always  catholic  in  spirit  and  set 
sincerity  of  belief  and  simple  discipleship  above  all  forms  of 
confession. 

Congregationalism  in  Massachusetts  up  to  this  time  had 
been  a  name  without  any  necessary  doctrinal  significance. 
A  church  polity,  simply  as  such,  it  drew  up  no  sj'stem  of 
divinity  and  prescribed  no  articles  to  be  assented  to.  Indi- 
viduals within  these  churches  did  such  things  abundantly. 
But,  as  men  free  to  think  and  write  their  thoughts,  they  did 
it,  and  they  had  been  equally  free  to  think  and  write  other- 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  43 

wise,  if  llicy  had  ploascti,  and  Congrcgjitionalism,  as  a  mode 
of  c'lmreh  organization,  government  or  fellowship,  could  not 
in  consistency  have  cared  or  interfered. 

The  name  Unitarian  had  not  yet  begun  to  be  much 
applied,  distinctively,  to  churches,  but  within  these  churches 
discussion  had  lonij  been  2:oin2r  on  over  the  doctrines  of  the 
Calvinistic  scheme  which,  by  many  of  the  leading  men  of 
the  state,  clerical  and  lay,  were  zealously  denied  and  ably 
controverted.  INIayhcw  and  Freeman,  and  not  a  few  others 
ot  the  clergy  of  Boston  and  the  neighborhood,  had  been 
open  champions  of  the  Unitarian  faith  in  the  last  century. 
It  li:is  been  said  that  as  early  as  1790,  the  general  tone  of 
thought  in  Boston  was  Unitarian.  It  was  probably  as  true 
of  Salem  as  of  Boston.  Drs.  Barnard,  Prince  and  Bentley, 
and,  if  prevalent  traditions  can  be  trusted,  a  rector  of  St. 
Peter's  Church,  contemporary  with  them,  were  theologically 
in  close  sympathy  with  the  Boston  clergy  just  named  ;  while 
there  were  thoughtful  laymen  in  all  these  churches,  not  a 
whit  behind  their  pastors,  as  defenders  of  religious  liberty 
and  as  loyal  disciples  of  reason  in  the  interpretation  of 
Christianity. 

The  controversy  waxed  warmer  in  the  early  years  of  the 
present  century.  The  views  of  different  preachers  were 
keenly  canvassed  and  the  lines  of  coming  separation  began 
to  appear.  William  Ellery  Channing,  settled  in  the  Federal 
street  pulpit  of  Boston  in  1803,  though  himself  averse  to 
polemic  writing,  gave  a  fresh  impulse  to  the  discussion  by 
his  inspiring  discourses  upon  the  immeasuralde  capabilities, 
hopes  and  aspirations,  of  human  nature ;  by  his  bold  and 
warning  call  to  churches  and  Christians  to  stand  fast  in  their 
Christian  liberties  —  to  come  under  no  yoke  of  human  creed 


44  MEMORIAX,    SERMON. 

or  spiritual  court ;  and  by  his  constant  appeal  to  the  human 
reason  and  the  human  conscience,  without  whose  authenti- 
cation he  urged  that  no  religion  could  gain  permanent 
credence  and  acceptance  with  reasoning  and  conscience- 
guided  men. 

Mr.  Abbot  had  had  his  professional  training  in  part  under 
the  guidance  of  Mr.  Channing,  in  part  also  under  the  tuition 
of  the  elder  Henry  Ware  ;  and  had  a  warm  friend  in'  Henry 
Ware  the  younger.  Sharing  in  the  affectionate  esteem  of 
such  men  and  of  the  younger  ministers  of  the  time  trained 
in  the  same  school  of  thought,  such  men  as  Frothingham  of 
the  First  Church  and  Everett  of  the  Brattle  Street  Church 
in  Boston,  his  call  and  coming  to  this  church  pronounced, 
what  had  before  been  known  but  not  so  fully  recognized, 
that  this  church  took  its  place  among  tliose  which  made 
"Holiness,  Truth  and  Humanity"  their  sufficient  motto. 

Mr.  Channing  preached  at  Mr.  Abbot's  ordination  and  Mr. 
Frothingham  gave  the  Hand  of  Fellowship.  The  sermon 
made  a  deep  impression.  The  subject  of  it  was  "Preaching 
Christ"  (from  Col.  i,  28).  In  answering  the  question: 
"What  are  we  to  understand  by  'Preaching  Christ',"  he 
announced,  as  his  view,  that  "Preaching  Christ  does  not 
consist  in  making  Christ  perpetually  the  subject  of  dis- 
course, but  in  inculcating  on  his  authority,  the  religion 
whiclt  he  taught.''  This  sermon  was  soon  followed  by  the 
well-known  controversial  pamphlets  between  the  preacher 
and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  Worcester  of  the  Tabernacle 
Church  in  this  city,  and  by  the  full  opening  of  the  question 
of  separation  or  continued  union  between  the  "liberal"  and 
"orthodox"  parties  in  the  congregational  churches  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, ending  in  separation. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  45 

A  few  months  after  the  death  of  ]\lr.  Abbot,  the  society 
and  church  gave  a  call  to  Rev.  Henry  Colman  of  Hingham 
to  become  their  minister,  but  under  such  circumstances  that 
it  was  declined.  Mr.  Colman  was  settled  at  the  time  over 
the  Third  society  in  that  town ;  and  a  considerable  number 
of  influential  members  of  this  society  regarded  that  which  is 
now  so  common  and  so  little  questioned,  the  inviting  of  a 
settled  minister  by  another  church,  as  a  breach  of  christian 
comity  and  good  fellowship ;  and  for  that  reason  some 
resisted  the  action  of  the  church  and  society  in  the  matter 
and  others  took  no  part  in  the  vote.  A  committee  pre- 
viously appointed  for  the  purpose  had,  however,  solicited 
the  opinions  "of  the  principal  officers  of  the  University  at 
Cambridge  and  some  of  the  most  eminent  clergymen  of 
Boston"  upon  the  question  ;  and  they  reported  unanimously, 
as  the  result  of  their  inquiry,  that  the  invitation  could  be 
extended  "with  propriety"  and  "with  honor." 

Five  years  after,  ]Mr.  Colman  having  left  his  parish  in 
Hingham  and  a  portion  of  the  First  Parish  in  this  town 
having  endeavored  unsuccessfully  to  settle  him  as  a  colleague 
with  their  aged  pastor.  Rev.  Dr.  Prince,  a  new  society  was 
formed,  principally  from  his  friends  in  the  First  and  North 
Church  congregations,  taking  the  name  of  the  Independent 
Congregational  Society  in  Barton  Square,  of  which  he 
became  the  first  minister. 

For  a  time  the  division  of  feeling,  caused  l)y  the  attempt 
to  settle  Mr.  Colman  and  its  failure,  had  a  disturbing  and 
depressing  effect  upon  the  harmony  of  the  society.  But 
within  some  six  or  eight  months,  fortunately,  the  minds  and 
desires  of  the  people  centred  with  unanimity  upon  a  gentle- 
man who  accepted  their  invitation  and  on  the  14th  of  No- 


46  MEMOEIAX,    SERMON. 

vember,  1820,  was  ordained  their  minister  and  held  the 
pastoral  office  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  and  till 
his  death,  which  occurred  on  the  26th  of  February,  1846, — 
John  Brazer. 

The  period  of  Dr.  Brazer's  ministry  was  one  of  highest 
prosperity  to  this  society,  measuring  prosperity  by  those 
tests  which  are  most  readily  discernible ;  it  was  strong  in 
numbers,  ample  and  liberal  in  resources,  united  in  action 
and  attentive  to  the  ministrations  of  the  pulpit,  —  attentive 
because  interested  in  them. 

I  know  that  to  the  severe  judgment  and  sensitive  sj^irit  of 
the  minister  himself  it  often  seemed  otherwise.  He  deplored 
the  little  eJSect  that  his  preaching  seemed  to  produce.  He 
estimated  his  success  to  be  most  moderate.  He  saw  more 
distinctly  what  he  had  hoped  to  accomplish  that  had  not  been 
realized,  than  what  he  had  clone.  But  I  take  the  judgment 
of  those  best  qualified  to  say  how  it  was  and  those  facts  I 
take  which  have  their  own  voice,  requiring  no  interpreter. 

In  speaking  of  the  condition  of  the  society  while  under 
his  charge,  I  feel  that  I  am  so  largely  illustrating  his 
work  and  the  nature  and  extent  of  his  influence  that  I  need 
not  attempt  to  separate  them. 

Thus  it  was,  then,  that  the  preaching  of  Dr.  Brazer 
attracted  hearers  to  his  church,  not  by  the  surprises  and 
excitements  of  a  highly  wrought  oratorical  manner,  nor  by 
rhetorical  brilliancy,  but  by  its  ability,  directness  and  power. 
It  was  marked  by  deep  seriousness  and  by  the  grave  dignity 
of  the  preacher's  bearing  and  address  ;  by  the  proofs  of 
careful  learning  and  studious  preparation ;  by  the  clearness 
of  his  statements  and  the  closeness  and  force  of  his 
reasonings,  while  all  was  presented  in  a  style  so  conscien- 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  47 

tiously  trnnspnroiit  and  siinplc,  thai  any  mind  capable  of 
taking-  the  thought  was  not  hindered  l)y  ambitious  phrasc- 
oloo-y,  or  obscure  constructions,  or  confusing"  images. 

l^'tter  than  this,  the  honest  hearer  ftdt  that  he  was 
honestly  dealt  -with  ;  that  here  the  most  difficult  and  most 
important  office  of  the  christian  preacher  was  fulfilled,  that, 
namely,  of  the  monitor  and  quickener  of  the  conscience  and 
the  faithful  exactor  of  righteousness. 

His  preaching  in  the  earlier  part  of  his  ministry,  adapting 
itself  to  the  state  of  religious  thought  and  inquiry  of  the 
time,  was  more  in  the  direction  of  doctrinal  instruction  for 
which  his  natural  powers  of  mind,  his  strength  in  argument 
and  his  studious  habits  excellently  qualified  him.  But, 
earlier  and  later,  it  was  the  natural  tendency  of  his  mind 
and  moral  nature,  ever  stirred  by  a  quick  religious  sensi- 
bility, to  give  prominence  to  themes  bearing  upon  personal 
conduct,  the  communings  of  faith  and  the  soul's  culture. 
To  this,  living  witnesses  can  speak  and  the  remembered 
voices  of  the  dead  bring  testimony. 

The  venerated  Judge  Samuel  Putnam  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Massachusetts,  in  requesting  a  dismission  of  him- 
self, wife  and  daughter  to  the  church  under  the  care  of 
Rev.  Dr.  Lowell  in  Boston,  in  1834,  accompanied  the 
request  with  expressions  of  grateful  obligation  to  the  pastor 
of  this  church,  "for  the  very  able  and  faithful  manner  in 
which  }'ou  [he]  have  [had]  discharged  the  arduous  and  very 
difficult  duties  of  pastor  and  teacher,"  adding,  "I  desire  also 
to  manifest  the  deep  interest  which  I  now  and  ever  shall 
have,  for  the  peace  and  prosperity  of  the  church  and  soci- 
ety, with  which,  for  a  great  number  of  years,  we  have 
worshipped."      No  better  testimony  to  the  power  and  the 


48  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

elevated  character  of  Dr.  Brazer's  ministrations  coulcl  be 
adduced,  than  the  character  of  the  men  whom  he  drew 
together  to  his  instructions  from  Sunday  to  Sunday.  Judges 
Putnam  and  Story  and  Cummins ;  Leverett  Saltonstall,  Col. 
Benjamin  Pickman  (the  third  in  lineal  descent  who  bore 
the  title),  Ichabod  Tucker,  John  G.  King  and  Frederic 
Howes ;  not  to  mention  others  less  widely  known,  but 
scarcely  less  strong  and  disciplined  in  thought ;  trained 
minds  like  these  ;  seekers  for  truth  and  its  loyal  followers 
like  these,  found  here  the  wise  and  ripe  teaching  that  carried 
them  forward  and  helped  them  to  be  "men  in  under- 
standing," while  they  heard  also  such  an  uncompromising 
summons  to  fidelity,  as  deepened  their  sense  of  accounta- 
bleness  for  the  right  and  religious  use  of  every  talent  and 
ability  they  possessed. 

But  higher  testimony  than  theirs  have  we  to  the  pastor's 
faithful  execution  of  his  Master's  commission,  coming  from 
an  humbler  class,  who  testify  that  to  the  poor  the  gospel 
was  preached ;  preached  not  alone  in  words  of  hope  and 
good  cheer  and  unfaltering  faith ,  but  in  acts ,  of  timely  help- 
fulness and  an  ever  open-handed  bounty.  Dr.  Brazer  per- 
formed well  that  delicate,  but  most  christian  and  important 
duty  of  the  minister,  of  bringing  the  rich  and  poor  into 
closer  sympathy  and  mutual  regard;  this,  by  the  habit  of 
bringing  to  the  knowledge  of  the  rich  the  opportunity  and 
duty  of  doing  good  by  their  wealth  among  the  unfortunate 
and  needy  and  by  acting  as  the  almoner  of  the  beneficent. 
It  has  been  my  privilege  since  I  have  entered  upon  these 
walks  of  ministerial  service  which  he  so  long  and  so  unos- 
tentatiously pursued,  to  hear  many  expressions  of  gratitude 
from  lips  now  silent,  and  to  come  upon  proofs  at  humblest 


IklEMORIAL    SEIOION. 


49 


firesides  tliat  there  his  memory  is  rcvcrcutly  and  k)viiigly 
cherished. 

As  u  visitor  of  the  sick  and  a  consohn-  and  helper  of  those 
in  tr()u))U',  he  carried  a  quick  and  unfailing  sympathy  to  the 
homes  of  his  people.  If  he  must  fail  to  see  any  in  his 
pastoral  visits  with  as  much  frecjuency  as  he  or  they  desired, 
it  was  the  prosperous  and  happy,  not  the  sufi'ering,  who 
waited  for  him  to  come. 

Whether  as  preacher  or  pastor,  he  could  not  but  l)c  in 
earnest  and  impressive  ;  indeed  I  know  not  where  the  qual- 
ities of  the  preacher  which  he  exemplified  have  been  better 
set  forth  than  in  his  own  w^ords  ;  or  where  the  qualities 
which  he  set  forth  in  words  have  been  better  exemplified 
than  in  himself. 

In  a  sermon  at  the  ordination  of  my  friend  who  sits  near, 
and  a  child  of  the  North  Church  (Rev.  Jonathan  Cole),  from 
the  text  "fervent  in  spirit,"  he  says  among  other  things 
worth  quoting  if  there  were  time  ;  "great  results  are  sacri- 
ficed in  a  studied  attention  to  details, —  powerful  impression 
in  a  pursuit  of  the  minor  graces  of  diction ;  the  benefit  of 
the  many  in  an  excessive  deference  to  the  refined  taste  of 
the  few.  Anything  almost  that  has  pith  and  point  is  better 
than  this  sentence-making,  this  tame  and  lifeless  rhetoric." 
"Xor  will  the  preacher,  who  feels  the  true  dignity  and 
importance  of  his  office,  freeze  his  words  as  they  fall  from  his 
lips  by  his  own  apparent  indifference  to  their  import,  or 
permit  them  to  vibrate  in  a  sleepy  cadence,  or  to  sink  into  a 
drowsy  monotony.  Nor  when  he  speaks  of  themes  that 
should  strike  and  rouse  the  soul,  will  he  speak  as  if  he  were 
performing  a  set  task,  but  as  if  he  were  moved  by  a  strong 
impulse  to  speak." 


50  BIEMORIAL   SERMON. 

Once  only  I  heard  Dr.  Brazer  preach,  in  my  yonth,  in 
the  college  chapel  at  Cambridge  ;  and  with  what  impression 
of  his  effectiveness  in  the  pulpit  is  best  attested  by  the  fact 
that  not  only  his  fine  dignity  and  enchaining  earnestness  of 
manner  are  well  remembered,  but  that  the  lesson  of  the 
hour  has  not  faded  away  in  these  thirty  intervening  years. 

I  am  not  ignorant  of  certain  temperamental  qualities, 
which  at  times  interfered  to  some  extent  with  an  easy,  free 
and  close  communion  between  Dr.  Brazer  and  his  people. 
He  is  pictured  to  me  as  a  man  by  nature  diffident  and  sen- 
sitive ;  not  always  accessible  and  at  ease,  and  ready  in 
conversation  in  all  companies  ;  and  of  a  nervous  excitability, 
perhaps,  which  made  it  clifiicult  for  him  sometimes,  not  to 
betray  those  disturbances  of  feeling  and  changes  of  mood, 
of  Avhich  others  have  no  experience,  or  if  they  have  them, 
which  they  are  able  to  hide  from  notice.  Of  these  little 
infelicities,  comparative  strangers,  and  those  who  knew  him 
only  superficially,  sometimes  made  too  much.  But  those 
who  knew  him  more  closely  and  sympathized  more  fully 
with  his  deeper  spirit  and  controlling  purpose,  found  them 
no  bar  nor  embarrassment  to  their  intercourse  and  commu- 
nion with  him,  if  indeed  they  saw  them.  In  truth  it  is  to  be 
said  of  him,  that  they,  who  stood  closest  to  him,  knew  him 
best,  worked  with  him  most  intimately,  and  were  themselves 
the  most  exacting  judges  of  purity  of  character  and  personal 
fidelity,  were  the  ones  who  most  esteemed  him  and  confided 
in  him,  and  paid  to  him  their  most  valued  respect  and 
affection. 

Dr.  Brazer  I  judge  to  have  been,  1)y  mental  constitution 
and  habit,  a  conservative  in  his  views  of  truth,  his  regard 
for    ancient    custom,    his    idea   of    the    right   social    order, 


MEMOIIIAL    SEHMOX.  51 

pro<2:ross  and  reforin.  In  tlio  theological  discussions  of  his 
time  within  his  oAvn  denomination,  he  leaned  to  the  old 
school  rather  than  the  new.  As  to  the  question  of  slavery 
and  i)()]itiral  changes  in  general,  he  shrank  from  disturbing 
existing  foundations,  and  held  by  the  conclusions  of  the 
past  and  fixed,  rather  than  trust  to  the  sea  of  the  unknown 
and  encounter  the  dreaded  dangers  of  revolution. 

His  health  bcgan'to  fail,  sensibly,  as  earl}^  as  1843,  and  he 
experienced  much  suifering ;  but  he  continued  in  the  dis- 
charge of  his  duties  till  the  first  of  the  year  1846,  when,  on 
the  fu'st  Sunday  of  the  year,  he  preached  his  last  sermon, 
from  the  text :  "  Whatsoever  a  man  so wetli  that  shall  he 
also  reap ;"  spoken  of  by  those  who  heard  it  as  "pervaded 
])y  a  spirit  of  tenderness  altogether  beyond  what  was  usual 
in  his  public  services." 

He  left  his  home  and  people  on  the  19th  of  January,  for 
a  journey  to  the  South,  ho})ing  that  rest  and  change  of 
climate  would  restore  him.  His  illness  was  not  considered 
as  tlireatening  a  fatal  result,  and  for  a  little  while  he  seemed 
better ;  l)ut  he  died  at  the  house  of  a  friend  and  classmate, 
near  Charleston,  S.  C,  on  the  2Gth  of  February,  184G.* 

I  shall  pursue  the  annals  of  our  church  and  society  no 
farther.  I  have  reached  the  period  of  living  ministers  and 
of  events  remembered  by  the  men  of  young  and  middle  age 
to-da}'.  To  give  more  completeness  to  the  record,  I  simply 
mention  that  Dr.  Brazer  was  succeeded  in  the  pastorship  of 
this    society  by  Mr.  Octavius  B.  Frothingham    of  Boston, 


*  Mr.  r.rnz.er  was  born  in  Worcester,  Macs..  Sept.  21,  1789,  gradnnteil  from  Harvard 
Collcpe  in  IS1:{  witli  the  lii^lie-t  lionors  of  his  class;  was  afterwards  tntor  and  jiro- 
fessor  of  Latin  in  the  college,  whicli  honored  liim  in  1830  with  tlie  degree  of  S.  T.  D. 
He  died  at  the  plantation  of  Dr.  IJenjamin  Uuger,  in  Soiitli  Carolina,  at  the  age  of 
j()  years,  5  niontb:^. 


52  MEMORIAL    SERMON, 

who  was  ordained,  March  10,  1847,  and  contmued  m  the 
ministry  here  till  April  9,  1855,  when  he  resigned  his  charge 
to  enter  upon  a  new  and  wider  field  near,  and  soon  within, 
the  city  of  New  York.  Rev.  Charles  Lowe  was  installed 
pastor  of  this  society  on  the  27th  of  September  of  the  same 
year,  and  was  comjielled  by  ill  health  to  withdraw  from  this 
ministry  on  the  28th  of  July,  1857.  The  present  minister 
was  installed  June  5,  1859. 

It  has  seemed  convenient  to  divide  the  historical  review 
we  have  taken  into  the  periods  of  ministerial  service,  and 
the  ministers  themselves  have  stood  out  somewhat  conspicu- 
ously in  the  sketch. 

It  would  be  interesting,  if  there  were  time  for  it,  to  make 
more  full  reference  to  others,  men  and  women,  whose  part 
in  the  support  and  direction  of  the  affairs  of  the  society 
has  been  most  important.  Such  as  have  not  only  kept  up 
good  courage  in  the  minister  by  a  ready  seconding,  but  have 
done  distinct  and  positive  service  in  their  own  different 
ways  besides ;  in  Sunday  School  and  choir,  and  in  nameless 
ways,  such  as  a  man  or  woman  of  force  and  wisdom,  who 
wishes  to  sustain  and  strengthen  a  church  and  do  good,  easily 
finds.  A  society  is  strong,  and  makes  its  power  felt,  in  pro- 
portion as  it  has  such  members.  It  is  feeble,  without  charac- 
ter, and  of  little  influence,  in  proportion  as  it  has  them  not. 
This  society  has  never  been  without  such  a  membership. 
The  list  of  those  whose  active  usefulness  came  within  the 
first  three-fourths  of  the  century  would  be  long.  I  have 
named  several  of  them  already,  though  not  with  the  fulness 
of  delineation  which  their  liberality,  constancy  and  efficiency 
would  warrant.  That  family  of  Pickmans,  for  example. 
From  the  day  when  the  church  was  formed,  at  the  house 


MEMOUIAL    SERMON.  53 

of  the  first  Col.  Benjamin  Picknian,  to  this,  it  has  given 
the  support  of  weaUh,  iutelligenee,  character,  and  religious 
interest  to  this  church.  One  of  his  sisters,  at  least,  and  two, 
it  is  believed,  the  widow  of  George  Curwen  and  the  wife  of 
p]benezer  Ward,  were  original  members  of  the  society. 
Three  grown-up  sons,  Benjamin,  junior,  AVilliam  and  Clarke 
Gayton,  in  the  full  maturity  of  their  manhood,  came  with 
the  father  and  motlier  and  were,  from  the  start  of  the  enter- 
prise, efficient  cooperators  in  its  establishment.  Of  the 
next  generation  was  the  third  Col.  Benjamin,  the  grandson 
of  the  first ;  lawyer,  merchant,  honored  and  respected 
citizen,  Representative  in  Congress,  liberal  and  enlightened 
Christian ;  and  who,  as  president  of  the  Board  of  Directors 
of  the  Theological  School  at  Cambridge,  gave  the  address  at 
the  laying  of  the  corner-stone  of  the  Divinity  Hall  in  that 
place,  and  is  remembered  by  those  of  yon  who  have  attained 
middle  age,  as  having  died  here  not  quite  thirty  years  ago. 
He  was  said  by  his  pastor  at  that  time  to  have  been  "a 
devoted  friend  of  this  church  and  society,  where  he  has 
worshipped  ever  since  they  were  founded."  And  his 
descendants  are  still  with  us.  Of  the  same  generation  with 
him.  and  grandson  likewise  of  the  first  Col.  Benjamin,  was 
the  late  Hon.  Dudley  L.  Pickman,  long  a  true  friend  of  the 
society  and  whose  descendants  are  still  among  the  worship- 
pers here.  And  so,  too,  are  descendants  of  Clarke  Gayton 
Pickman  enrolled  among  the  members  of  this  congregation 
to-day. 

I  cannot  trace  every  household  minutely.  I  must  not 
pass,  without  an  additional  word,  however.  Dr.  Holyoke,  a 
middle-aged  man  when  this  church  was  formed,  and  who 
lived  to  render  it  constant  and  valuable  service  for  fifty-six 


54  MEMOEIAL    SERMON. 

years  afterwards ;  one  of  its  ruling  elders  for  forty -five 
years ;  one  of  the  committee  chosen  to  build  the  first 
meeting-house  ;  forty  years  an  active  member  of  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  of  the  Proprietors  ;  the  first  person  on  whom 
Harvard  College  conferred  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  INIedi- 
cine  ;  who,  at  one  time,  said  there  was  not  then  a  house  in 
this  town,  to  which  he  had  not  been  called  on  some  profes- 
sional duty ;  who  for  many  years  stood  at  the  preacher's 
right  hand  in  the  pulpit,  on  account  of  the  deafness  which, 
in  his  advanced  years,  prevented  his  hearing  at  the  distance 
of  his  pew.* 

I  have  already  mentioned  Deacon  Samuel  Holman,  who 
held  the  office  of  deacon  or  ruling  elder — a  part  of  the  time 
both — from  the  foundation  of  the  church  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  fifty-three  years  ;  a  member  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee of  the  Proprietors  thirty-six  years  ;  and  Joshua  Ward, 
chosen  with  John  Nutting  a  ruling  elder  when  the  church 
was  formed  ;  Francis  Cabot,  during  the  earliest  years  of  the 
society,  a  liberal  member  and  an  active  ofiicer  in  the  manage- 
ment of  its  affliirs  ;  Jacob  and  Susannah  Ash  ton,  of  whom  I 
hear  mention  made  as  "pillars  of  the  church,"  he,  chosen  a 
ruling  elder  fifty  years  ago  ;  the  brothers.  Deacons  Elijah 
and  Jacob  Sanderson,  the  first  the  elder  brother,  Init  the 
younger  deacon ;  several  among  the  more  eminent  lawyers 
of  Essex  County,  and  judges  of  the  courts  of  Massachusetts 
and  of  the  United  States  I  have  named  before  as  worshipping 
here — Putnam  and  Tucker  and  Story  and    Saltonstall  and 

*Dr.  Ilolyoke  was  known  repeatedly  to  make  a  humlred  professional  visits  in  a 
day.  But,  extensive  as  his  practice  became  at  the  height  of  his  professional  distinc- 
tion, he  acquired  practice  so  slowly  in  the  beginning,  that  he  thought  seviouslyat  one 
time  of  leaving  Salem  for  some  more  encouraging  opening.  It  is  recorded  of  liim  that 
"  from  the  time  he  began  his  medical  practice  until  his  death,  a  period  of  nearly  eighty 
years,  he  has  never  been  absent  from  this  town  at  a  greater  distance  tliau  thirty  miles.' 


.AiEMoniAL  8Ek:mox.  O.) 

Ciiniinius  iiiul  Kiii^"  and  IIdwcs  —  and  1  mention  their 
names  air:dn  that  I  may  take  oeeasion  to  say  that  none  of 
them  were  worshippers  or  hearers  and  notliinii;  more,  l)nt  that 
nearly  all  of  them  were  found  servino-  upon  connnittces,  and 
evineing  their  interest  in  other  ways,  in  the  welfare  of  the 
society,  and  their  acceptance  of  the  responsil)ility  which 
membership  in  it  involved,  Ichabod  Tucker's  house  was  as 
well  known  to  ministers  as  if  it  had  been  the  house  of  a 
brother  minister.  Ilis  hospitality  was  wide  and  generous. 
lie  Avas  a  free,  earnest  and  fearless  inquirer  into  religious 
truth.  He  took  a  deep  interest  in  the  preaching  of  a  lib- 
eral gospel,  such  as  was  represented  by  this  church,  and  the 
society  had  in  him  a  warm  friend  and  steadfast  supporter 
during  a  long  life. 

The  name  of  Leverett  Saltonstall  I  must  not  pass  without 
recall  ins:  the  Ions:  and  faithful  service  he  rendered  here. 
Never  pleading  the  engrossment  of  higher  responsibilities,  or 
more  important  cares  elsewhere,  numerous  and  exacting  as 
his  professional  cares  and  public  responsibilities  often  were, 
he  was  the  trusted,  willing  and  wise  fellow-worker  with  the 
minister  in  all  his  labors.  He  was  the  devoted,  punctual, 
and  careful  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School ;  an  atten- 
tive member  of  the  choir ;  a  sagacious  adviser  and  an  active 
worker  in  all  christian  and  philanthropic  measures  ;  ready 
whenever  the  church,  or  the  cause  of  truth,  or  the  needs  of 
humanit}'  laid  a  claim  upon  him.  And  I  might  continue  Avith 
a  list  of  liberal-minded  merchants  and  prospered  business 
men,  now  gone,  who  have  given  of  their  means  and  of  their 
willing  helpfulness  to  this  church  from  its  beginning.  Of 
the  earlier  I  have  named  the  chief;  I  might  mention  more, 
the  Wests  and  Gardners,  Joseph  Peabody,  Ichabod  Nichols, 


56  MEMORIAL    SERMON. 

Gideon  Tucker  and  others.  It  were  well  worth  while, 
if  there  were  time,  to  speak  of  the  women  also,  whose  intel- 
ligent interest  in  christian  studies,  and  whose  philanthropic 
impulses  have  here  raised  and  kept  high,  the  standard  of 
educated  reflection,  religious  thought,  and  earnest  living ; 
such  women  as  Miss  Burleigh,  the  Misses  Asliton,  Miss 
Plummer,  Mrs.  Nathaniel  Peabody  and  the  Misses  Savage, — 
to  mention  no  more. 

Many  of  you  have  listened,  very  likely,  for  names  which 
you  have  not  heard,  but  which  you  expected  to  be  called, 
when  the  story  of  the  North  Church  was  to  be  told.  But  I 
have  intended  no  complete  enumeration  :  far  from  it.  I 
have  written  down  some  of  those  names  which  I  found  re- 
corded, or  have  heard  about  and  known  familiarly,  especially 
among  the  oldest  and  the  first,  for  their  being  at  the  found- 
in  o"  of  the  church,  or  early  in  the  counsels  of  our  fathers, 
and  foremost  at  the  business  of  church  building  here. 

One  characteristic  of  this  society  I  have  already  noticed  as 
appearing  during  the  ministry  of  Dr.  Barnard,  which,  I 
think,  can  be  traced  throughout  its  history ;  a  true  catholic- 
ity of  spirit,  showing  itself  in  a  uniform  hospitality  for 
various  opinion,  and  a  disposition  to  judge  men  by  the 
standard  of  character  rather  than  that  of  creed ;  adopting, 
indeed,  the  standard  of  Jesus  :  "by  their  fruits  ye  shall 
know  them." 

I  have  said  that  Dr.  Barnard  exemplified  this  spirit. 
Whatever  his  own  creed — and  every  man  has  a  creed — he 
would  as  little  have  thought  of  requiring  another  to  have  the 
same,  as  he  Avould  suffer  another  to  require  conformity  in  him. 
His  protest  against  churcli  assumptions  and  individual  dog- 
matizins:  was  constant  and  effective.     He  demanded  freedom 


MEMORIAI.    SEltMON.  57 

for  :ill.  His  sermon  at  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Ijancroi't  in 
Worcester  was  a  just  expostulation  against  the  irrational  at- 
tempt to  bring  free  minds,  earnest  in  the  pursuit  of  truth, 
all  to  like  conclusions  and  a  level  sameness  in  tlieir  si)ecula- 
tions  ;  and  against  the  wrong  done  to  truth,  and  to  the  soul 
itself,  by  enforced  uniformity. 

This  spirit  has  been  kept  alive  in  this  church,  1  believe,  all 
along  its  way,  and  was  never  more  truly  characteristic  than 
to-day. 

I  suppose  it  is  true  that  the  prevailing  thought  of  the 
society,  and  the  general  color  of  its  tendencies  and  prefer- 
ences, w^hether  relating  to  social,  political,  or  religious 
questions,  have  been  what  would  be  called  conservative ; 
the  more  honorable  and  noble,  therefore,  its  devotion  to 
intellectual  freedom  and  mental  integrity,  and  its  careful  and 
jealous  maintenance  of  the  right  and  duty  of  private  judg- 
ment, and  of  fidelity  to  the  individual  conscience. 

Let  me  not  claim  too  much.  I  do  not  claim  that  this  was 
an  absolute  and  perfect  catholicity,  or  even  a  toleration  with- 
out inconsistency  or  flaw.  The  passions  and  prejudices  of  the 
hour  always  ebb  and  flow  through  church  doors,  as  elsewhere. 
When  the  First  Baptist  society  was  about  to  settle  its  first 
minister,  Eev.  Mr.  Bowles,  in  January,  1805,  I  find  it  upon 
the  record  that  they  asked  for  the  use  of  the  North  Meeting 
House  for  the  services  of  his  ordination  ;  and  it  was  granted. 
But  the  newspapers*  tell  mc  that  our  neighbors  went,  after 
all,  to  the  Tabernacle  Church  for  their  service.  Was  it 
because  they  learned  that  the  vote  opening  the  North 
Church  to  them  showed  twelve  dissentients?  At  any  rate, 
let  us  not  hide  it  that  such  was  the  fact. 

•  "Salem  Gazette,"  Jan.  — ,  1805. 


58  MEMORIAL,    SERMON. 

I  find  upon  the  outside  of  a  pamphlet  in  the  library  of  the 
Essex  Institute — the  proprietors'  record  makes  no  allusion 
to  it,  though  the  statement  must  be  received  as  none  the 
less  authentic — that  the  use  of  the  church  was  solicited  for 
the  funeral  solemnities  which  were  to  be  observed  in  Salem, 
on  the  death  of  the  American  officers,  Capt.  James  Law- 
rence and  Lieut.  Augustus  C.  Ludlow,  who  lost  their  lives 
in  the  engagement  between  the  frigates  Shannon  and  Chesa- 
peake off  this  coast  on  the  first  of  June,  1813.  "The  use 
of  the  North  Meeting  House  was  requested,"  says  the  note 
of  Mr.  Crowninshield,  "because  it  has  many  advantages 
over  every  other  in  town,  particularly  on  account  of  its  size 
and  the  fine  organ  which  it  contains."  The  committee  of 
the  proprietors  made  answer  that  they  "had  no  authority  to 
open  the  house  for  any  other  purpose  than  for  public  wor- 
ship." And  it  was  true  that  a  vote  stood  on  the  proprietors' 
book  "that  the  house  should  be  opened  only  for  public 
worship."  But  it  had  been  before,  and  was  afterwards, 
opened  on  many  public  days,  and  if  the  proprietors  had 
been  as  generally  democratic  in  politics  as  they  were  feder- 
alists, there  is  little  reason  to  doubt  that  the  committee 
could  have  found  sufficient  authority  for  granting  its  use  on 
this  occasion. 

In  the  period  of  its  later  history,  a  period  of  unex- 
ampled latitude  of  inquiry,  I  believe  that  the  living  minis- 
ters who  have  served  in  this  place  will  bear  their  united 
testimony  that,  diverse  as  have  been  their  own  interi3reta- 
tions  of  truth  and  duty,  and  their  administration  of  the 
Teacher's  office,  and  with  whatever  of  individual  objection 
their  instruction  upon  any  theme  may  have  been  received, 
that  objection  has  seldom  taken  the  form  of  an  expressed 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  59 

wish,  or  consent,  even,  that  the  nihii.stor  shoukl  be  guided 
by  any  conclusion  but  his  oAvn ;  and  the  general  voice  has 
been  clearly,  unmistakably,  constantly  encouraging  to  entire 
loyalty  to  every  innermost  and  fixed  conviction. 

Conservative,  if  this  church  has  been,  after  a  sort,  it  has 
always  had  its  pioneers  searching  forward  Avith  earnest  ques- 
tionings into  the  new  fields  of  religious  truth.  Samuel 
Curwen  was  a  Unitarian  in  1775-6,  when  the  society  gener- 
ally were  not.  Ichabod  Tucker  and  Frederic  Howes  were 
free  critics,  in  1815,  of  the  phraseology  of  the  covenant  of 
1773,  and  of  many  points  in  the. prevalent  theology  of  the 
day,  long  before  these  had  been  generally  abandoned.  And 
I  need  not  tell  you  what  a  kindly  shelter  this  church  has 
given  to  all  serious  and  reverent  questioning,  however  free, 
in  these  later  years. 

It  is  my  joy,  my  pride — I  hope  not  an  unpardonable 
pride — that  I  can  bear  this  testimony ;  that  this  society 
seems  to  have  had  and  to  have  that  steadiness  and  patient 
self-possession,  which  comes  from  freedom  only ;  from 
courage  to  prove  all  things  ;  wliich  has  come,  I  may  say, 
from  an  experience  more  than  commonly  wide  and  instruc- 
tive ;  from  having  a  faith  that  has  been  made  to  know  the 
strength  of  its  own  rooting ;  and  has  found  it  too  deep  and 
fast  to  be  torn  away  by  the  conflicts  of  opinion ;  a  faith 
which  sinks  past  and  below  all  human  opinions,  including 
its  own ;  sinks  into  the  spirit  of  God  and  so  beds  itself 
in  the  life  eternal,  that  it  has  no  fear  that  it  can  ever  be 
moved . 

He  was  a  true  prophet,  I  like  to  think,  who  wrote  of  you 
once  :  "Animated  by  a  spirit  of  conservatism  which  does 
not  dread  reform,  and  by  a  liberality  which  is  also  cautious 


60  MEMORIAL    SEEMON. 

and  wise,  you  will  help  to  guide  the  progress  in  whose 
advantages  you  will  share."* 

We  say  sometimes  that  the  future  is  not  within  our  con- 
trol. Spoken  of  the  future  event,  in  its  detail  of  form  and 
time  and  order,  this  is  true.  But  of  each  future  seen  as 
revealing  the  persistency'  of  forces  that  are  never  idle  ;  seen 
as  a  stream  flowing  unbroken  from  the  fountain  of  past 
causes  lying  deep  in  the  recesses  of  the  human  will  and  the 
human  motive,  each  future  thus  stamped  with  a  distinct  char- 
acter of  its  own,  and  having  a  manifest  unity  with  its  own 
past ;  seen  as  such,  nothing  is  plainer  than  that  each  future, 
say  our  future,  is  largely  within  the  directing  will  of  the 
souls  standing  on  their  own  ground  and  on  their  own  feet 
to-day ;  for  that  Providence  which  we  recognize  in  history 
makes  use  at  every  stage  of  the  free  human  will,  and  works 
through  it,  on  towards  its  own  unchanging  ends. 

We  can  see  that  the  beginning  of  these  hundred  years  was 
charged  largely  with  the  very  religious  thought  and  life  that 
constitute  the  life-blood  of  the  best  being  and  activity  of 
this  hour.  We  hope  there  is  growth  and  believe  there  is  ; 
but  it  is  the  same  tree. 

As  surely  is  it  in  our  power  to  pass  down  to  the  children 
of  that  generation  which  shall  occupy  our  places  a  hundred 
years  forward  such  a  positive,  strong,  Adtal  current  of  relig- 
ious energy,  prophetic  fire  and  courage,  moral  sturdiuess 
and  irrepressible  seekings  for  the  face  of  God  and  the  well- 
being  of  mankind,  as  shall  then  be  traceable  back  to  this 
day. 

We  study  history,  in  part  to  learn  how  to  make  it,  and  in 

*Rev.  James  Freeman  Clarke,  in  a  letter  declining  an  invitation  to  the  pastorship 
of  the  society. 


MEMORIAL    SERMON.  61 

part  to  learn  how  to  be  made  use  of  by  it ;  how  to  discover 
its  lines  of  movement,  that  avc  may  fall  in  with  them  and  be 
^vrought  humbly  into  its  sublime  and  endless  building. 

"The  new  is  old.  the  old  is  new, — 


The  eternal  step  of  progress  beats 
To  that  great  anthem,  calm  and  slow, 
Which  God  repeats  1 

Take  heart  I— the  Waster  builds  again,— 
A  charmed  life  old  goodness  hath  : 

The  tares  may  perish, —  but  the  gi'aia 
Is  not  for  death." 


EXERCISES 


Normal  Hall, 


INCLUDING 


ADDRESSES 

ANP 

CORRESPONDENCE. 

(63) 


EXERCISES  AT  XOiniAL  HALL. 


After  the  exercises  at  the  clinrch,  the  members  of  the  North 
society  with  their  im'ited  guests  assembled  at  Normal  Hall  on 
Broad  street,  for  a  collation  and  social  entertainment,  the  hall 
being  opened  to  them  for  the  occasion  by  the  courtesy  of  Pro- 
fessor D.  B.  Ilagar,  Principal  of  the  State  Normal  School,  and 
with  the  consent-of  the  Committee  of  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion having  charge  of  the  building. 

The  tables  were  laid  with  elegance  and  abundance  by  Mr. 
E.  P.  Cassell,  and  were  decorated  with  flowers  in  great  profusion 
and  variety. 

Shortly  after  two  o'clock  the  President,  the  Hon.  Geouge  B. 
LoRiNG,  called  the  company  to  order,  and  asked  their  attention 
while  the  Rev.  J.  T.  Hewes,  of  the  First  Church,  invoked  the 
divine  blessing,  as  follows  : — 

Our  Heavenly  Father,  we  thank  Thee  for  all  Thj'-  gifts.  We 
thank  Thee  that  we  are  permitted  to  gather  here  upon  this  memo- 
rable occasion  and  unite  our  hearts,  our  s^-mpathies  and  our 
memories  in  one  common  feast  of  thought.  AYe  pray  Thee,  bless 
this  occasion  unto  us  all,  bless  all  connected  with  our  churches, 
and  all  the  families  who  are  represented  here  to-day.  Bless  also 
the  memories  of  those  who  have  gone  from  our  sight,  but  whose 
meraor}'  and  character  we  cherish  in  our  hearts  at  this  time,  and 
may  we  feel  it  is  good  for  us  to  have  come  here,  and  may  its 
influence  go  with  us  throughout  our  lives.  We  ask  all  this  as 
disciples  of  Jesus  Christ,  Thy  Son.     Amen. 

After  an  hour  spent  in  festivity,  the  President,  Dr.  Lorino 
commenced  the  intellectual  exercises  of  the  occasion  with  the 
following  address  : — 

(65) 


66  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 


ADDRESS   OF  THE  HON.  GEO.  B.  LORING.      - 

I  assume  the  duties  which  have  been  assigned  me  on  this  occa- 
sion, my  friends,  with  mingled  emotions,  with  a  crowd  of  various 
memories  and  with  renewed  respect  for  all  the  associations,  old 
and  new,  by  which,  in  my  mind,  the  North  Church  in  Salem  is 
surrounded.  Although  my  connection  with  this  society  is  of  com- 
paratively short  duration,  I  cannot  remember  the  time,  when  its 
name  did  not  convey  to  me  the  thought  of  a  warm  religious  faith, 
great  integrity  and  ardent  devotion  to  the  best  purposes  of  life. 
Born  among  the  theological  incidents  of  Essex  County,  in  one  of 
its  most  theological  towns,  and  in  the  midst  of  some  of  its  warmest 
theological  endeavors,  taught  at  my  father's  fireside  to  know  the 
sacrifices  of  the  New  England  clergy,  and  called  upon  to  listen  to 
the  traditions  of  Liberal  Christianity  here,  I  can  never  forget  the 
imposing  attitude  in  which  this  church  stood  before  my  youthful 
mind,  with  its  scholarly  pastor  and  his  cultivated  flock.  To  my 
ancestors,  of  all  the  generations  that  I  ever  knew,  the  name  of  the 
North  Church  was  sacred.  And  I  now  hold  and  prize,  as  a  pre- 
cious family  inheritance,  the  well-read  Bible  and  devotional  volumes, 
which  consoled  and  comforted  the  founders  of  tliis-  church  and  their 
fathers  before  them.  This  occasion,  therefore,  is  to  myself  full  of 
interest. 

But  to  you  also  who  sit  here,  indeed  to  all  the  thoughtful  and 
devoted  Christians  of  this  christian  community,  this  event  is 
interesting  and  suggestive.  A  century  of  the  deepest  thought, 
the  boldest  speculation,  the  most  vigorous  action,  the  most  rapid 
change,  the  most  thorough  and  permanent  progress,  we  trust,  con- 
stitutes the  lifetime  of  this  church.  In  the  great  efforts  and  events 
of  that  period  of  time  just  now  closing,  the  worshippers  here  have, 
in  various  ways,  performed  an  important  part.  The  severity  of 
the  first  collision  between  the  patriots  of  the  Revolution  and  their 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  67 

oppressors  was  modified  by  the  soothing  and  conservative  words 
of  your  first  pastor ;  it  was  a  child  baptized  at  this  altar,  who,  in 
manhood,  sustained  the  honor  of  Massachusetts  in  her  early  polit- 
ical struggles  ;  it  was  the  bold  and  stalwart  and  sagacious  pillars 
of  this  church,  who  established  the  early  commercial  renown  aud 
prosperity  of  this  city  ;  and  to  the  statesmanship  and  jurisprudence 
of  our  land,  have  its  pious  sons  made  liberal  and  valuable  contri- 
butions. Not  always  revolutionary  perhaps,  it  has  alwa3's  been 
faithful  and  prudent  and  wise.  Open-minded  at  least,  when  not 
restless  nor  audacious,  it  presents  an  admirable  illustration  of  the 
power  of  a  charitable  religious  faith  to  remove  all  obstacles  to 
man's  advancement,  from  the  repose  of  conservatism  to  the  vigor- 
ous and  somewhat  uneasy  ways  of  even  healthy  reform.  And 
while  it  has  held  that  intimate  relation  to  the  highest  mental  aud 
material  effort  of  its  century  of  life  to  which  I  have  referred,  it 
enjo3^s  the  remarkable  distinction  of  having  furnished,  in  its 
infancy,  Armenianism  aud  pacification  to  the  councils  of  the  first 
war  for  American  freedom  and,  in  the  strength  of  its  manhood, 
Unitarianism  aud  a  chaplain  to  the  service  of  the  last ;  illustrating, 
in  this  way  if  in  no  other,  its  capacity  for  progress,  and  its  growth 
in  vigorous  thought  and  valuable  endeavor.  That  it  has  discharged 
its  duty  well,  therefore,  who  can  doubt?  That  it  has  performed 
its  part  in  the  great  work  of  liberalizing  the  christian  faith,  and 
warming  the  christian  heart,  and  enlarging  the  christian  mind, 
and  making  wide  the  entrance  to  the  christian  church,  as  it  has 
passed  on  from  the  formalities  and  fears  of  its  first  pastor  to 
the  mild  courage,  and  solicitous  liberality  and  abiding  faith  and 
practical  philanthrop}',  which  characterize  him  who  now  fills  the 
place  once  occupied  by  Barnard  and  Abbot  and  Brazer  and  Froth- 
ingham  and  Lowe,  in  its  progress  "from  strength  to  strength," 
let  us  all  believe,  and  remember  with  pride  and  inspiration. 

Prepared  for  each  advancing  occasion,  by  that  liberal  christian 
faith,  which  recognizes  the  mercy  as  well  as  the  justice  of  the 


68  EXERCISES    AT   XOEMAL    HALL. 

Almighty  Father,  and  true  to  that  broad  charity  which,  founded 
on  divine  love,  looks  with  a  forgiving  eje  on  human  infirmity,  what 
a  parochial  paradise  the  North  Church  has  been,  from  the  begin- 
ning of  its  century  until  now !  From  its  sacred  walls  no  pastor 
has  3'et  been  driven.  Fortunate,  I  know,  in  its  selections,  it  has, 
I  am  sure,  exercised  all  the  kindness  and  consideration  which  a 
pastor  could  desire  and,  as  a  natural  and  consequent  reward,  its 
people  haAe  received  the  best  its  pastors  could  bestow.  While 
I  cannot  for  one  moment  believe  that  this  record  will  either  em- 
bolden the  pastors  or  embarrass  the  people  who  come  after  us, 
I  trust  it  will  serve  to  teach  a  lesson  of  mutual  responsibility, 
and  of  that  gentleness  towards  each  other's  faults,  and  regard 
for  each  other's  virtues,  which  can  alone  make  a  really  high-toned 
christian  societ}-,  and  secure  and  develop  a  really  useful  parish 
minister. 

And  now,  my  friends,  what  a  dear  and  sacred  procession  passes 
before  us  !  Oh  !  that  we  could  recall  for  one  moment  that  sainted 
assembly,  to  whose  entrance  to  the  heaven  of  peace  and  rest,  this 
church  was  the  shining  portal !  As  we  gather  around  their  altar 
and  our  own,  what  a  pure  and  radiant  compan}-  surrounds  us,  the 
old  and  the  j'oung,  the  strong  and  the  gentle,  dearer  than  ever  now 
that  they  are  free  from  the  tarnish  of  earth,  and  now  that  they 
beckon  us  on  to  their  blissful  abode.  Time  and  the  centuries  may 
make  more  illustrious  records,  but  none  so  tender,  none  so  exalt- 
ing as  the  chapter  of  joys  and  sorrows,  of  conflicts  and  victories, 
written  by  a  christian  church  in  the  life  and  labor  of  a  hundred 
years.  There  ma}-  be  more  stirring  annals,  but  there  are  none 
more  purifying  and  ennobling  than  those  which  tell  of  a  pastor's 
devotion  and  a  people's  love  ;  of  the  heroism  of  the  suffering  and 
bereaved ;  of  the  power  of  great  faith  and  trust  in  God ;  of  the 
sweet  associations  which  surround  the  altar ;  of  that  sublime 
aspiration  which,  rising  above  the  conflicts  of  opinion,  builds  a 
broad  and  universal  church  on  earth  and  rejoices  that  there  is  but 


EXERCISES    AT    XOKMAL    HALL.  69 

one  congregation  in  heaven ;  of  that  spiritual  and  triunipliant 
church,  whose  corner-stone  is  the  "  charity  "  which  "  never  faileth." 
To  the  future  of  the  North  Church  wc  submit  this  as  tlie  lesson  of 
tlic  i^ist,  while  we  pray  for  the  prosperity  of  that  Zion  of  charity 
and  love,  which  shall  be  "  the  joy  of  the  whole  earth." 

And  now,  my  friends,  I  know  of  no  occasion  in  which  a  people 
like  ourselves  are  not  happy  to  greet  tlie  muse.  "We  have  a  church 
poet  among  us,  and  I  call  upon  the  Rev.  Ciiakles  T.  Brooks,  who 
will  now  read  to  you  a  poem.     Mr.  Brooks  then  read  the  following 

RHYMED    REMINISCENCES. 

Is  there  a  place,  in  these  impetuous  times, 

For  sentimental,  retrospective  rhymes? 

Will  the  express  train  of  this  rushing  age 

Accommodate  a  floral  pilgrimage  ? 

Can  Poetry  or  Piety  beguile 

The  iron  car  of  Fate  to  stay  awhile, 

And  let  its  favored  prisoners  pause  an  hour 

To  rock  in  Fancy's  barge,  or  rest  in  Memory's  bower? 

There  are,  who  say.  In  this  new  morning's  blaze. 
Why  rake  amidst  the  dust  of  buried  days  ? 
Not  in  that  heap  shall  truth,  the  diamond,  lie. 
The  future  shows  it  sparkling  in  the  sky ! 
On !  is  the  word ;  —  your  antiquarian  lore 
Is  idle,  childish  pastime  —  nothing  more  ! 
Heed  not  the  tale,  O  friends !  a  larger  thought 
To  musing  souls  by  earth  and  sky  is  taught. 

The  modern  traveller  in  his  dizzying  car 
Sees  calmly  that  alone  which  lies  afar : 
To  scan  the  nearer  things  he  vainly  tries  — 
They  speed  too  fast  for  his  bewildered  eyes. 
Relieved,  his  vision  rests  where,  far  and  fair. 
The  landscape  stretches  in  serener  air. 
How  oft  my  heart  leaped  up  with  mute  delight. 


70  EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL    HALL. 

When,  as  a  boy,  I  journeyed  home  at  night, 

To  see,  while  trees  and  liglits  behind  us  fled. 

The  moon  and  stars  ride  with  us  overliead. 

So  with  the  things  of  time  — lil^e  dreams  they  glide  - 

The  eternal  things  are  ever  at  our  side. 

The  ijresent  moments  sparkle,  fade  and  flee  — 

The  past  is  part  of  God's  eternity. 

Once,  in  a  tropic  clime,  I  sailed  away 
From  a  steep  coast  across  a  tranquil  bay. 
When  lo !  behind  the  fast  receding  shore,  . 
Up  I'ose  the  inland  hills,  and  more  and  more 
Lifted  their  greeting  summits,  green  and  clear, 
And  made  the  friendly  land  seem  following  near 
So,  as  we  voyage  o'er  the  sea  of  time, 
The  past  looms  up,  mysterious  and  sublime, 
Lifts  its  fair  peaks  into  the  ti-anquil  sky. 
And  with  its  greeting,  follows  as  we  fly. 

When  summer-nightfall  veils  the  landscape  o'er, 
From  upland  meadow  to  the  murmuring  shore. 
How  sweet,  to  men  who  sail  the  darkling  seas. 
Low  voices  borne  from  laud  ou  evening's  breeze  I 
So  from  afar,  o'er  Memory's  mystic  deep. 
Like  sounds  from  home,  melodious  whispers  creep, 
Of  souls  that  wait  on  some  far  inland  shore   - 
To  welcome  back  long  absent  friends  once  more. 
Oft  on  the  sea  of  life  these  tones  we  hear. 
That  make  that  distant  shore  seem  strangely  near. 
A  spirit's  breath  is  in  the  quivering  breeze 
That  sweeps  the  invisible  wind-harp  of  the  seas ; 
A  spirit's  voice  breathes  out  a  plaintive  strain. 
With  sweetest  cadence  in  each  sad  refrain ; 
A  song  of  songs,  where  all  the  heart  has  known 
Of  grief  or  gladness  blends  iu  every  tone. 

"  Dame  Memory,"  (so  majestic  Milton  sings, 
In  speech  that  like  a  silver  trumpet  rings)— 
«•  Dame  Memory  and  her  siren  daughters"  —  nay- 


EXERCISES   AT   NOR5IAL   HALL.  71 

No  flattering;,  false,  deceptive  sirens  they! 
Though  oft  across  life's  waves  their  mournful  smile 
The  pilgrim's  fond,  reverted  glance  beguile, 
Though,  by  the  magic  of  their  soothing  strain, 
Springs  tender  pleasure  from  remembered  pain. 
Though,  over  days  that  faded  long  ago, 
Their  tender  music  flings  a  moonlight  glow, 
That  moou  with  no  delusive  glory  gleams  : 
Forth  from  a  hidden  sun  that  lustre  streams, 
And  every  joy  that  has  been,  prophesies 
Of  bliss  that  shall  be  iu  unfading  skies. 

O  pale  and  pensive  Memory !  thou,  uo  less 

Than  Hope,  thy  sister,  art  a  prophetess ! 

Men  picture  thee  alone  amidst  thy  dead, 

In  fruitless  wailing  o'er  the  days  long  fled, 

With  tearful  eyes  that  passionately  yearn 

To  wake  a  life  that  slumbers  iu  the  urn ; 

While  bright-eyed  Hope  with  sun-tipped  pinion  flies 

To  hail  the  life  new-streaming  from  the  skies. 

Youiiff  Hope— Old  3I<'mory :  so  the  poets  feign ; 

But  is  it  so?  Are  not  these  daughters  twain 

Of  God,  like  those  two  sons  of  light,  twin-born  — 

The  Star  of  evening  and  the  Star  of  morn? 

And  what  though  Plesper  in  the  sunset  skies 

Looks  a  mute  solace  for  the  day  that  dies, 

Doth  not  that  gracious  herald  point  the  way 

To  ever-dawning,  never-dying  day  ? 

Aye,  Memory  hopes  —  she  hopes  and  prophesies ; 

Of  life  eternal  she  too  testifies  ; 

She  is  the  evening  star  whose  tender  light 

Heralds  the  day  of  God,  that  knows  no  night ; 

The  farewell  smile  of  day  in  western  skies 

Greets  the  far  East,  where  soon  the  sun  shall  rise. 

Hope  —  Memory  —  blessed  pair !  how  sweetly  gleams 
O'er  life  the  lustre  of  their  mingling  beams  ! 
There  comes,  e'en  here  on  earth,  full  many  an  hour. 
When,  by  the  stress  of  thought's  transfiguring  power, 


72  EXERCISES   AT   NORIVIAL   HALL. 

Some  joy  or  sorrow,  with  absorbing  sway, 
Swells  to  au  age  the  limits  of  a  day : 
And  lo  !  the  suu  stauds  still  o'er  Gibeon, 
While  softly,  from  the  veil  of  Ajalon, 
The  lingering  moou  looks  forth —  and  moon  and  sun 
Like  rose  and  lily,  weave  their  lights  in  one ; 
Moonrise  and  sunset  —  Hope  and  Memory  —  blend 
To  make  the  Heavenly  day  that  knows  no  end. 

The  past  is  not  all  jjflssed,  not  wholly  dead ! 
Our  life  still  echoes  to  its  voice  and  tread. 
The  soul  awakes  —  and  lo  !  like  phantoms  glide 
The  living  shapes  that  bustle  at  our  side  ; 
The  while  our  dead  dwell  on  an  inner  mount, 
Made  green  forever  by  the  living  fount. 
Where  this  imposing  world's  tumultuous  roar 
Dies  in  faint  murmurs  on  an  inland  shore. 

What  is  your  boasted  Present  Hour,  and  where? 

Ye  seek  to  clutch  it,  and  it  is  not  there  ! 

The  Past,  the  Future  —  these,  in  friendly  strife, 

Make  the  perpetual  present  of  our  life. 

On  that  vast  sea,  the  rushing  flood  of  Time, 

Where  ages,  years  and  moments  sink  and  climb, 

'Twixt  the  last  ridge  and  the  next  moment's  brow 

Comes  the  brief  instant  dreamy  souls  call  now, 

And  deem  a  foothold  firm  to  stand  upon ; 

Yet,  ere  the  mind  can  grasp  it,  it  is  gone  ! 

The  only  true  and  real  now  abides 

On  the  soul's  rock  above  the  rushing  tides  : 

That  Mount  of  Vision,  whei-e  from  Memory's  mien 

The  veil  falls  off,  and  Hope's  own  eyes  are  seen. 

The  Past  is  nothing,  sayst  thou  ?    Rather  say. 
The  Past  is  everything ;  naught  else  shall  stay. 
For  hear  this  truth,  O  soul,  by  reason  taught. 
And  heed  this  truth,  O  man,  with  wisdom  fraught : 
The  Past,  one  day,  all  Time  shall  gather  in ; 
What  has  been,  is ;  what  will  be,  will  have  been. 


EXERCISES    AT    NOKMAL    HALL.  73 

O  frioiuls,  who  gutlicr  here  this  festal  day, 

On  Memoiy's  altar  pious  gifts  to  lay, 

Say,  do  your  hearts  confess,  the  Past  is  dead  ? 

That  aught  once  precious  to  the  soul  has  fled  ? 

Oh  no !  the  good  old  times,  the  good  old  men, 

If  once  they  seemed  to  perish,  live  again. 

The  men  of  reverent  soul  and  thoughtful  mind, 

They  have  not  passed  away  and  left  behind 

Their  name  and  memory  only  here  below ; 

Their  presence  fills  our  hearts  with  kindling  glow. 

The  white  haired  sires  who  rose  on  childhood's  eyes. 

Like  hoary  mountain  peaks  in  purer  skies, 

That  seemed  in  august  majest}-  to  stand 

And  catch  the  vision  of  the  promised  land  — 

Those  old  Avhite  heads  — like  lamps  of  lambent  light,* 

Pillars  of  fire  to  guide  through  this  world's  night, 

The  eyes  of  love  that  on  our  childhood  smiled, 

The  lips  of  wisdom,  faithful,  firm  and  mild, 

The  careful  hands  that  led  our  wayward  feet, 

Morning  and  evening  greetings,  soft  and  sweet, 

These  are  not  lost,  these  have  not  vanished ;  no ! 

They  were  no  cunning  juggler's  mimic  show! 

Parents,  preceptors,  pastors,  were  a  line 

Of  Prophets  pointing  to  the  Love  Divine  : 

A  group  of  shining  ones  —  no  shadowy  band, 

Still  beckoning  onward  to  the  sunny  laud, 

Where  still  they  walk,  arrayed  in  robes  of  white. 

And  bid  us  with  them  walk  the  fields  of  light. 

To-day  how  real  and  how  fresh  appears 

The  faded  history  of  a  hundred  years ! 

A  hundred  j'cars  ! — though  few  the  living  men, 

Whose  memory  runs  through  threescore  years  and  ten, 

Yet  we,  who  haply  in  our  boyhood  saw 

The  old  centennial  men,  with  wondering  aAve, 


*  1  think  this  comparison  is  a  reminiscence  from  one  of  Theodore  Parker's  printed 
prayers.— C.  T.  B. 

(5) 


74  EXEECISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

Saw  in  their  eyes,  and  seem  e'eu  now  to  see, 
The  lifetime  of  a  former  century. 

We  see  thy  new-cut  frame,  "  Old  North,"  arise ; 
"We  liear  thy  new-liuug  bell  salute  the  skies, 
We  see  the  manly  Barnard's  placid  form 
Amid  the  Revolution's  gathering  storm. 
Hark  to  the  roll  of  Sabbath  breaking  drums ! 
Up  Lynde  street  now  the  bristling  column  comes 
I  see  the  startled  congregation  pour. 
Curious  and  anxious,  from  each  swarming  door. 
Men,  women,  children,  parson  in  his  gown, 
All  to  the  river-side  are  hurrying  down, 
And  there  is  seen  a  sight  I  wonder  much 
Has  tempted  no  historic  painter's  touch. 
This  way  and  that  the  fiery  colonel  flies, 
With  flashing  sword  and  fury  flashing  eyes ; 
Our  placid,  kindly  pastor  stands  the  while, 
Aplomb,  with  quiet  words  and  quiet  smile, 
Helping  right  well  the  logic  of  events 
Across  the  river  with  his  calm  good  sense. 
For  lo  !  that  side  the  stream  is  played  the  game 
McFingal's  muse  has  handed  down  to  fame. 
For  neither  blood-red  coats  nor  bloody  threats, 
Nor  brandished  swords,  nor  gleaming  bayonets 
On  foemen's  guns  can  strike  with  proper  awe 
Those  daring  boys  astride  the  bridge's  draw, 
Who,  mindful  of  the  ancient  saw,  fee/ore 
The  horse  was  stolen,  shut  the  stable  door. 
And  when  the  iron  prey  he  sought  is  gone, 
Will  let  the  seizer  cross  his  Rubicon. 

Old  North !  thy  tender  years  were  then  but  three ; 
War  rocked  the  cradle  of  thy  infancy. 
Who  is  there  living  now  that  saw  that  day, 
Heard  that  first  muttering  of  the  coming  fray  ? 
That  congregation  God  has  gathered  in. 
Where  shall  be  heard  no  more  earth's  battle  din. 
Gone  is  the  house  of  God  that  felt  the  jar. 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  75 

Tliat  Sabbath  noon,  of  War's  approaching?  car. 

Gone?  nay,  its  place  shall  know  it  never  more. 

Haply  one  day  shall  men  in  vain  explore 

To  find  the  place  itself  whei'c  once  it  stood, — 

Still  more,  a  vestige  of  its  ancient  wood ; 

Yet  throuiih  all  transinltrration  safe  to-day 

Its  form  abides  and  shall  abide  for  aye. 

Where  —  in  what  realm  —  do  still  these  eyes  behold, 

As  once,  with  childish  gaze,  in  years  of  old. 

They  looked  upon  that  holy,  homely  place. 

The  old  square  pews  and  each  familiar  face  ? 

Say,  in  wliat  world  that  reverend  pile  still  stands, 

Alike  defying  time  and  human  hands  ? 

Unchanged  by  sudden  whim  or  slow  decay, 

Lives  that  old  house  in  memory's  light  to-day. 

Oh  for  some  Goldsmith  now,  in  vivid  hues 

To  paint  the  scenes  that  mock  ray  feeble  muse ! 

Once  more,  old  sounding-board !  reverberate 

And  ring  and  I'oar  while  thee  I  celebrate ! 

Stupendous  wonder  lifted  up  on  high ! 

Ponderous  paradox  to  childhood's  eye ! 

Enormous  bulk  suspended  in  mid-air, 

A  sword  of  Damocles,  by  a  wooden  hair! 

Each  urchin  watched  with  mingling  hope  and  dread 

To  see  it  fall  plump  on  the  parson's  head ! 

And  that  dark  hole  beneath  the  pulpit  stairs. 

That  still  almost,  at  times,  my  memory  scares ! 

What  if  the  "  tidy-man,"*  bad  boy !  should  hale 

Thy  trembling  body  to  that  gloomy  jail ! 

— But  soft !  half  lost  through  memorj^'s  gallery-door, 

My  thoughts  one  flying  phantom  half  restore  : 

'Tis  thou,  old  Father  Boyce !  risen  from  the  dead. 

The  well-known  old  bandanna  round  thy  head. 

And  the  knob-headed  pole — the  magic  wand  — 

The  dreaded  ensign  of  thy  stern  command  : 


•Corruption  of  tithing-man,  the  same  person  having,  probably,  once  been  sexton  and 
tax-collector. 


76  EXERCISES   AT   NOEMAX,   HALL. 

Full  many  an  urchin  of  the  gallerj'  crew 

Feared  that  long  sceptre  —  aye,  and  felt  it  too. 

Like  rifle's  crack  I've  heard  the  blow  come  down 

With  a  sharp  ring  upon  some  culprit's  crown. 

— The  vision  fades  —  old  Boyce  slips  through  the  door- 

Another,  brisker  step  is  on  the  floor; 

But,  quick-eyed,  nimble-tougued  and  slight  of  limb, 

Old  William  Gavett  was  a  boy  to  him. 

Little  old  man,  thy  image  leads  a  train 

Of  funny  recollections  through  the  brain. 

It  marks  the  time,  when  doubts  began  to  grow. 

If  bodily  shivers  fanned  the  spirit's  glow, 

I  see  thee  stand  beside  thy  oven-door 

With  hospitable  hands  to  feed  once  more 

The  foot-stove  borne  along  the  icy  street 

With  its  red  comfort  for  maternal  feet ; 

Where  filial  feet  that  could  not  touch  the  floor, 

Dangled  and  kicked  till  the  long  hour  was  o'er, 

The  last  prayer  closed  and  seats  slammed  down  again 

With  what  queer  Hood  might  call  a  VAjoden  Amen.* 

— Again  across  the  field  my  magic  glass 

I  slide,  to  let  another  figure  pass. 

What  grave,  gaunt  form  now  stalks  before  my  eye  — 

O  prince  of  organ-blowers,  Philip  Frye  I 

That  suit  of  black,  that  sober  Sunday  face,  - 

Threw  o'er  thee  such  a  sanctimonious  grace. 

That  strangers  sometimes  have  been  known  to  err. 

And  take  the  blower  for  the  minister. 

— But  what  a  change  when  Monday  morning  came ! 

Can  this  —  I  often  wondered—  be  the  same. 

The  very  self-same  Philip,  that  I  meet 

Mincing  and  simpering  down  through  Essex  street? 

The  long-tailed  Sunday  coat  of  black  displaced 

By  a  blue  jacket  of  the  shortest  waist ; 

The  Sunday  visage  too  is  laid  aside. 


♦Hood,  in  his  "  Music  for  the  Million,"  describes  an  angry  man  as  slamming  a  door  to 
with  a  wooden  Damn. 


EXERCISES    AT    NOllMAL    HALL.  77 

The  air  of  holy  reticence  and  pride  : 

The  Sabbath  spell  is  off — with  cominon  imii 

Lo  Philip  is  a  man* — 5'ea  boy,  again. 

But  soon  as  Sunday  morn  again  comes  round, 

The  reverend  Philip  at  his  post  is  found, 

Where  in  the  pauses  of  his  holy  toil. 

As  if  anointed  with  invisible  oil, 

He  looks  from  out  his  cell  complacent  round, 

Rapt  with  the  memory  of  the  solemn  sound, 

With  large,  contented  eyes  that  seem  to  say, — 

" Have  we  not  done  the  music  well  to-day?" 

But  tender  memories  rise  meanwhile  and  cast 
Their  sacred  shadows  o'er  the  deathless  past. 
The  home  whore  first  we  tasted  heavenly  love, 
The  church  that  brought  to  view  a  world  above. 
To  these  the  heart  comes  back,  where'er  we  roam, 
"  True  to  the  kindred  points  of  heaven  and  home  !" 
How  sweet  a  memory  his,  on  whom,  as  child. 
The  gentle  face  of  sainted  Abbot  smiled, 
Who  feels  to-day,  though  fifty  years  have  fled, 
That  hand  of  benediction  on  his  head  ! 

Ah,  all  too  soon  fur  us  that  gracious  light 

The  veil  of  death  removed  from  mortal  sight  — 

Removed  —  not  quenched ;  —  from  heaven,  with  purer  beams, 

Along  our  path  through  memory's  air  it  gleams. 

And  many  a  one,  whose  young  eyes  scarcely  saw 

The  look  of  that  sweet  face,  for  very  awe. 

Feels  that  remembered  ^rescHC^,  mild  and  calm. 

Breathe  o'er  his  soul  a  summer  morning  balm. 

Then  came  to  us  that  gifted  on(',t  whose  mind, 
Graced  with  ripe  culture  and  with  taste  refined. 
In  fervid  feeling's  glow  devoutly  wrought 
The  lucid  links  of  energetic  thought. 

•The  claBBic  allusion  here  will  of  course  be  understood, 
t  Dr.  Brazer. 


78  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

"Well  could  lie  point  with  wit  the  shaft  of  truth, 
Stir  the  ambition  of  ingenuous  youth, 
Rebuke  the  worldling's  vain  and  shallow  sneers, 
And  show  Heaven's  rainbow-light  on  sorrow's  tears. 

One  picture  waits  for  this  poor  pencil  yet  — 
Who  that  beheld  the  sight  can  e'er  forget  ?  — 
When,  punctual  as  the  Sunday  morn  appears. 
That  form  iinbowed  beneath  its  hundred  years,* 
And  at  the  pastor's  side  devoutly  stands. 
As  if  to  hear  with  him  the  Lord's  commands. 
So  a  calm  mountain  rises  white  with  snow, 
While  at  its  feet  streams  gush  and  roses  glow ; 
The  evening  beams  that  play  around  its  head. 
On  other  worlds  a  morning-sunlight  shed. 
Serene  old  man !  when  sank  thy  honored  head, 
A  hundred  years  were  numbered  with  the  dead ; 
As  melts  a  snow-white  foam-flake  in  the  sea, 
A  century  melted  in  Eternity. 
Nay,  from  the  sacred  place  where  once  with  awe 
In  the  prayer-hour  thy  aged  form  we  saw 
Stand  with  bowed  head  and  reverential  air, 
A  century  still  looks  down  upon  us  there, f 
And  with  a  voice  of  old  experience  cries  : 
Fear  God,  love  man,  be  temperate,  just  and  wise ! 

With  thee  my  song  shall  close  : —  0  patient  friends, 

'Tis  well  that  here  my  broken  music  ends. 

So  its  last  moan  the  shattered  sea-wave  makes. 

When  on  the  monumental  rock  it  breaks. 

Haply  may  these  poor  words,  my  stammering  tongue 

Upon  its  native  air  hath  freely  flung. 

To  the  rude  clang  of  memory's  wayward  lyre. 

In  some  true  heart  awake  a  smouldering  flre. 


*Dr.  Holyoke,  who  in  his  last  days  used  to  stand,  often  even  through  the  sermon, 
with  his  ear  close  to  the  preaclier. 

t" Forty  centuries  are  looking  down  upon  us." — Napoleon  at  the  Pyramids. 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   ILVLL  79 

And  reeiikiudlo  there  the  faith  snblimo, 

That  hears  through  all  earth's  din  the  Eternal  City's  chime. 

Peace  to  my  lingering  song !  and  peace  to  thee, 
City  of  Peace!  of  Pilgrim  memory, 
Sweet  home  and  sacred  shrine,  old  Salem  town ! 
Add  new  bright  centuries  to  thy  old  renown ! 
Well  may  he  be  forgiven,  a  child  of  thine, 
"Whose  hand  presumptuous  would  to-day  entwine 
Amid  thy  chaplet  green  one  fresh-plucked  flower, 
That  may  not  long  outlive  the  passing  hour. 
No  words  could  ever  give  fit  thanks  to  thee, 
For  all  that  thou  hast  given  and  been  to  me ! 
A  child's  warm  blessing  on  thy  fields  and  skies, 
Thy  rocky  pastures  dear  to  childhood's  eyes, 
Thy  fresh  l)lue  waters  and  fair  islands  green. 
Of  many  a  youthful  sport  the  favorite  scene, 
North  Fields  and  South  Fields  —  Castle  Hill  —  Dark  Lane, 
;  And  Paradise,  where  memory  leads  the  train 

Of  her  transfigured  dead,  whose  relics  lie 
At  rest  where  living  waters  murmur  by.* 
A  blessing  on  the  memory  of  the  line 
Of  statesmen,  saints  and  sages,  sons  of  thine  ! 
A  blessing,  last  of  all,  on  thee,  old  North ! 
From  thee  may  Peace  and  Love  and  Light  stream  forth ! 
May  Learning  and  Religion,  Grace  and  Truth, 
Shed  here  the  glory  of  perennial  youth ! 
May  Faith  and  Freedom  here  join  hand  in  luind 
To  lead  thy  children  to  the  promised  land ! 
Dear  city  of  our  fathers !  may  their  God 
Still  guide  and  comfort  with  the  stafi"  and  rod. 
And  in  the  cloud  and  fire  lead  onward  still 
Our  faltering  footsteps  up  the  heavenly  hill ! 

The  President  then  called  upon  the  Rev.  S.  C.  Beane,  of  the 
East  Church,  to  read  the  first  h3'mn  in  the  programme.      That 

*  In  the  beautiful  cemetei-y  of  Harmonj-  Grove,  waslieil  by  the  North  River. 


80  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

hymn,  continued  the  President,  was  written  by  that  most  esti- 
mable of  clergymen  of  whom  Mr.  Emerson  once  said  that  he  was 
a  man  of  genius,  James  Flint,  D.  D.  I  am  fortunate  in  calling 
upon  Dr.  Flint's  successor  to  read  it. 

The  audience  then  united  in  singing  the  following  hymn  to  the 
tune  "  Federal  Street"  : — 

/     In  pleasant  lands  have  fallen  the  lines 
That  bound  our  goodly  heritage  : 
And  safe  beneath  our  sheltering  vines 
Our  youth  is  blest,  and  soothed  our  age. 

What  thanks,  0  God,  to  Thee  are  due, 
That  Thou  didst  plant  our  fathers  here ; 

And  watch  and  guard  them  as  they  grew, 
A  vineyard  to  the  planter  dear. 

Thy  kindness  to  our  fathers,  shown 

In  weal  and  woe  through  all  the  past, 
Their  grateful  sons,  O  God,  shall  own, 

While  here  their  name  and  race  shall  last. 

THE    PRESIDENT. 

My  friends,  I  think  Salem  is  getting  on  famously.  The  tune 
that  has  just  been  sung  was  also  written  in  Salem,  by  a  Salem 
man.  Beginning,  therefore,  with  the  poem  by  Mr.  Brooks,  the 
hymn  by  Dr.  Flint,  and  the  music  by  Gen.  Oliver,  I  don't  think 
Salem  ought  to  be  ashamed  of  herself.  You  have  heard  allusions 
made  to  Mr.  Abbot.  We  have  here  a  contemporary  of  his,  who 
preached  in  his  pulpit  between  the  time  of  his  call  and  his  ordi- 
nation, one  of  the  most  stanch  and  faithful  ministers  of  the  Uni- 
tarian Church  —  the  Rev.  Joseph  Allen,  D.  D.,  of  Northborough. 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL.  81 


ADDRESS  OF  DE.  ALLEN. 

I  have  many  pleasant  memories  connected  Avith  the  good  old 
town  of  Salem,  and  especially  with  the  North  Church,  and  one  of 
its  ministers.  It  is  now  almost  threescore  years,  fifty  seven 
years,  I  think,  for  I  believe  it  was  in  1815 — that  I  was  invited  by 
my  friend,  John  Emery  Abbot,  to  supply  his  pulpit  after  he  had 
received  the  call  to  this  church,  and  before  his  ordination.  It  was 
in  March  and  the  following  April  that  I  sojourned  among  this 
people,  at  the  house  of  Ichabod  Tucker,  well  known  in  that  day, 
whose  hospitality  I  enjoyed  and  whose  memory  is  dear  to  me,  as 
is  that  of  his  accomplished  lady  and  the  other  inmates  of  his 
family.  I  well  knew  John  E.  Abbot.  He  was  my  contemporary, 
somewhat  3^ounger  than  myself;  but  we  pursued  our  theological 
studies  at  the  same  time  and  partially  in  the  same  place,  he 
residing  in  Boston  and  pursuing  his  studies  under  the  direction  of 
Dr.  Channing,  but  coming  over  to  Cambridge  frequently,  and 
enjoying  with  us  the  wise  saj'iugs  and  instructions  of  the  ven- 
erable Dr.  Ware  and  President  Kirkland.  It  was  not  long  after 
his  ordination  that  I  was  called  to  the  town  of  Korthborough,  to 
be  the  minister  of  the  town,  not  of  the  church.  I  invited  ray  friend, 
John  E.  Abbot,  to  come  and  give  me  the  Eight  Hand  of  Fellow- 
ship, which  he  accordingly  did,  and  it  is  published  with  the  other 
services  of  that  occasion.  Soon  after  his  ordination  his  health 
became  infirm,  and  at  last  he  was  obliged  to  relinquish  his  labors, 
•which  he  loved  so  truly  and  Avhich  he  performed  so  faithfully  and 
so  acceptably,  and  was  laid  upon  a  sick  bed.  I  visited  him  in  his 
sickness  and  conversed  with  him,  when  he  supposed,  and  we  all 
did,  that  there  was  but  a  step  between  him  and  the  grave.  I 
preached  for  him  one  Sabbath  while  he  lay  sick,  at  his  request. 
I  visited  him  after  the  services,  and  had  a  very  beautiful  conver- 
sation with  him.  I  remember  especially  the  discourse,  which  was 
not  then  printed,  but  which  was  given  to  me  in  manuscript,  on  the 


82  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

recognition  of  friends  in  the  future  life,  and  I  thought  then,  and 
have  thought  since,  that  he  was  one  of  those  I  should  hope  to 
meet  in  that  better  life,  to  renew  the  acquaintance  and  friendship, 
which  was  so  soon  broken  by  his  early  death.  After  his  decease 
I  formed  the  acquaintance  of  his  successor,  Dr.  Brazer,  and 
exchanged  with  him  several  times,  during  his  ministry.  I  well 
remember,  too,  the  old  minister  of  the  First  Church,  Dr.  Prince ; 
with  him  also  I  exchanged  pulpits.  I  do  not  remember  his  con- 
temporary. Dr.  Barnard,  though  I  presume  I  often  saw  him  at 
Cambridge,  where  ministers  formerly  congregated  on  Commence- 
ment Days.  I  remember  on  one  occasion,  when  I  went  into  the 
pulpit,  I  saw  before  me  an  aged  man,  who  had  come  into  the  place 
that  he  might  the  better  listen  to  my  discourse,  the  venerable 
Dr.  Holyoke.  I  came  here  again  when  he  had  reached  the  age  of 
a  hundred  years,  hoping  to  see  what  I  never  had  seen,  a  man 
who  had  completed  his  century ;  but  I  learned  then  that  he  was 
on  a  sick  bed.  He  died  a  few  days  after,  and  one  of  my  sons, 
who  was  born  about  the  time  of  his  decease,  was  named  for  him. 
You  will  see,  therefore,  that  I  have  been  acquainted  with  Salem 
for  more  than  half  a  century.  At  one  time  I  had  in  my  family 
six  of  the  seven  sons  of  Stephen  C.  Phillips,  who  were  members 
of  my  household,  and  pupils  under  my  care.  I  want  to  say  in 
closing  that  I  am  happy  to  be  here,  that  I  received  the  invitation 
to  be  present  with  a  great  deal  of  pleasure,  and  that  although  I 
was  not  here  at  the  commencement  of  the  exercises,  yet  I  felt  a 
deep  interest  in  the  discourse  of  Mr.  Willson,  whom  I  have  known 
for  many  years.  It  has  been  to  me  a  feast  of  good  things,  and 
I  shall  always  bear  in  remembrance  this  pleasant  occasion. 

THE   PEESIDENT. 

I  know  I  speak  the  voice  of  you  all,  when  I  say  to  Dr.  Allen 
that  the  obligation  is  entirely  on  our  side.  "VVe  Avho  live  in  Salem, 
and  who  entertain  the  faith  of  the  fathers  here,  as  we  believe  it, 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL.  83 

have  confidcnco  in  the  law  as  well  as  In  the  gospel.  We  have 
the  pleasure  of  having  present  with  us  on  this  occasion  the  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Unitarian  Conference,  Hon.  E.  R.  Hoar,  of 
Concord,  who,  while  he  has  assured  me,  that  he  desired  to 
pronounce  a  benediction,  may  assure  himself  that  we  only  ask  his 
benediction,  for  whom  he  addresses  must  profit. 

ADDRESS   OF  JUDGE  HOAE. 

Mr.  Chairman  and  My  Friends  :  I  have  nothing  to  say  to 
you  except  to  join  in  the  benediction  to  which  your  chairman  has 
alluded.  I  am  sorrj^  to  say  I  have  not  yet  reached  the  christian 
maturity  and  venerable  age  when  it  can  be  said  of  me,  as  perhaps 
might  have  been  said  of  our  friend  who  last  addressed  you,  Dr. 
Allen,  "  his  presence  itself  is  a  benediction."  I  have  nothing  to 
say  except  to  ofler  my  warm  sympathy  with  the  object  of  your 
meeting  to-day,  and  to  express  to  you  the  delight  with  which  I 
have  attended  the  services  and  listened  to  the  discourse  of  Mr. 
Willson,  which  was  charming  to  my  ears  throughout,  though  it 
rivalled  the  most  able  of  his  predecessor's  attempts  in  its  length, 
and  perhaps  would  have  shocked  some  of  them  by  its  wanting  a 
text.*  Why,  my  friends,  w^e  have  of  late  been  getting  so  national 
in  our  views  in  this  countrj^,  we  have  had  so  much  cause  for  it  in 
one  way  or  another  that  when  I  walked  into  that  quiet  and  dark- 
ened church  this  morning  and  heard  that  story  of  New  England 
life  of  a  hundred  j^ears  ago,  I  seemed  to  be  breathing  a  new  atmos- 
phere. The  full  fragrance  and  flavor  of  New  England  life  seemed 
to  come  back  to  me. 

These  church  relations  of  our  people,  —  the  Established  Church 
of  Massachusetts — though  as  popular  and  absolutely  democratic 
as  any  of  our  civil  institutions,  have  given  more  to  the  character 
of  New  England  than  an3'thing  else  we  have  had.     I  look  some- 

*In  the  delivery,  the  text  ami  iutroiluctorj'  vetnarks  were  omitted. 


84  EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL. 

times  with  respect,  sometimes  with  admiration,  upon  modern 
improvements.  I  am  a  friend  of  Sunday  Schools,  and  I  have  no 
doubt  but  that  they  do  good ;  but  there  is  no  Sunday  School 
instruction  that  ever  produces  the  effect  upon  the  heart  and  mind 
of  the  child,  that  ever  trains  up  such  men  and  women,  that  ever 
gives  such  character  and  strength  to  the  community,  as  does  that 
attending  church  from  early  childhood,  Sunday  after  Sundaj^,  with 
father  and  mother,  in  those  old  square  pews,  better  perhaps  than 
the  modern  ones,  under  the  eye  of  father  and  mother,  and  there 
acquiring  the  habit  and  feeling  of  reverence  before  the  under- 
standing can  catch  the  import  of  the  long  sermon ;  and  the 
influence  of  these  associations  has  been  carried  westward,  and 
thus  New  England  character  and  influence  have  been  diffused 
across  this  continent. 

Your  church  has  attained  undoubtedly  a  very  respectable  age, 
and  one  that  it  is  becoming  and  well  to  celebrate,  but  I  almost 
feel,  as  some  thoughts  come  across  my  mind,  as  if  I  was  a  contem- 
porary with  it.     The  minister  under  whom  I  grew  up  to  manhood 
and  who  was  my  minister  until  after  my  marriage  and  I  had  got 
some  way  along  in  life,  was  settled  over  our  parish  only  sis  years 
after  jom  parish  was  founded  ;  and  the  only  physician  I  ever  had 
occasion  to   employ  until   I   had  got   nearly  old  enough  or  wise 
enough  to  do  without  them  altogether  was  a  classmate  of,  and  of 
about  the  same  age  as  my  minister.     The  parish  of  which  I  am  an 
humble  representative,  is  two  hundred  and  thirty-seven  years  old  ; 
we  look  upon  you,  therefore,  nearly  as  a  man  in  advanced  age 
looks  upon  a  hearty  youth,  just  celebrating  the  attainment  of  his 
majority.      You   have   got   through   the   season  of  trial   and   of 
experiment,  and  may  now  be  fairly  expected  to  go  forward  and 
make  your  mark  in  society,  and  be  admitted  to  the  full  respon- 
sibilities of  adult   years.      In  this  conspicuous   position,  in  this 
good  city  of  Salem,  which   has  been   always  so  famous  for  the 
quality  of  its  people,  I  have  no  doubt  that  your  light  will  shine 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  "85 

like  a,  city  that  is  set  on  a  hill,  and  that  you  will  be  as  prosperous 
in  the  future  as  you  have  l)een  in  the  past.  I  was  gratified  to 
hear  of  the  condition  of  the  society  in  one  respect,  and  symija- 
thized  very  strongl}^  witli  you  wlien  I  lieard  from  your  presiding 
ofTicer  that  you  had  never  got  rid  of  a  minister.  I  believe,  too, 
that  the  strength  and  prosperity  of  a  christian  society  is  very 
much  promoted  by  regarding  the  relation  between  minister  and 
people  as  similar  to  that  between  husband  and  wife,  as  one  not  to 
be  changed  ;  and  I  am  happy  to  tell  you,  to  encourage  3'ou  in  the 
good  work  on  which  \'ou  have  entered,  that  the  society  to  whicli 
I  belong  (during  the  two  hundred  and  thirty-seven  years  of  its 
history),  never  j^et  parted  with  a  minister  except  to  the  service  of 
his  Master  on  liigh.  But,  my  friends,  this  is  a  famil}-  gathering, 
and,  except  for  the  briefest  expression  of  sjmipathy  and  gratifica- 
tion, certainly  no  one  outside  your  own  circle  has  any  right  to 
take  up  your  time. 

THE   PRESIDENT. 

New  England  has  sent  man}-  influences  West,  many  men  of 
many  minds,  and  many  industries,  but  slie  has  sent  nothing,  I 
think,  of  more  value  to  the  West  than  the  Unitarian  thought  of 
New  England.  At  any  rate  we  know  of  nothing  more  valuable. 
We  have  here  the  pioneer  of  that  service,  one  wlio,  in  the  earl}'- 
days  of  Unitarianism,  took  up  his  abode  in  the  western  wilds,  and 
has  been  a  faithful  servant  there  ever  since.  I  am  happy  to 
introduce  to  you  the  Rev.  William  G.  Eliot,  D.  D.,  of  8t.  Louis. 

ADDEESS   OF   DR.   ELIOT. 

You  will  pardon  me,  dear  friends,  if  my  response  is  very 
brief,  for  to  tell  j'ou  the  truth,  among  these  venerable  antiquities 
I  feel  that  I  have  no  place,  no  standing  at  all.  It  is  true  that 
I  am  old  enough  for  any  inupose,  and  that  I  can  remember  more 
than  half  the  term  of  years  which  the  North  Church  has  lived  ;  but 


86  EXEECISES    AT    NORMAL   HALL. 

in  the  ecclesiastical  relation,  as  well  as  in  the  social,  I  have  lived 
all  my  life,  I  may  say,  in  the  midst  of  youth.  I  have  always  been 
with  a  growing  community,  and  the  church  with  which  I  am  con- 
nected— it  grieves  me  to  say  that  1  am  not  called  its  pastor  now, — 
has  had  thus  far  but  one  pastorate,  and  the  thirty-seven  years  of 
my  ministry  is  the  church's  life-time  ;  so  that,  far  from  having 
attained  anything  like  a  respectable  old  age,  we  are  in  early  infancy 
yet.  Whenever  I  come  here  to  these  old  communities  I  feel  lost, 
almost  oppressed,  by  the  steadiness,  the  staidishness,  so  to  speak, 
of  everything  around  me.  Why,  almost  thirty-eight  years  ago, 
when  I  went  to  St.  Louis,  it  was  not  half  so  big  as  Salem  was  then  ; 
now  it  has  350,000  inhabitants.  It  is  all  youth,  it  is  all  efferves- 
cence, it  is  all  change,  though  there  is  a  good  deal  of  strength  and 
manliness  coming  into  it  every  day.  But  when  I  ask  myself  where 
does  it  come  from,  I  feel  compelled  with  pride  to  look  back  to 
these  old  centres  of  thought,  to  these  old  centres  of  education, 
these  grand  old  centres  of  patriotism,  and  to  say,  it  is  from  these 
that  we  get  our  life  blood,  it  is  this  which  is  making  us  strong. 
And  when  you  hear  of  the  wonderful  strength  of  that  western 
country,  never  forget  that  it  is  for  you  still  to  be  sending  an  inspi- 
ration there,  so  that  our  mind  shall  keep  pace  with  our  body,  so 
that  our  growth  shall  not  be  only  of  this  world,  but  that  it  shall 
belong  more  and  more  to  the  world  of  ideas,  to  the  world  of  pro- 
gressive thought ;  so  that,  in  short,  we  shall  reconstruct  in  the 
West  a  better  New  England  than  New  England  itself  has  ever 
known.  Thirty-seven  years  ago  I  came  to  Salem,  and  have  only 
been  here  once  since,  and  that  was  twenty-five  years  ago,  and 
only  for  two  or  three  hours.  I  came,  as  some  of  you  remember, 
to  ask  help  to  build  a  church  in  St.  Louis,  which  you  generously 
granted ;  and  now,  returning  here  after  this  long  interval,  I  am 
glad  of  an  opportunity  of  thanking  you  for  the  help  you  gave  us 
in  our  time  of  need.  With  this  expression  of  gratitude  for  the 
favor  of  so  long  ago,  added  to  my  thanks  for  a  day  of  great  enjoy- 
ment, I  heartily  wish  you,  God  speed  ! 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL,   IIALL.  87 

THE   PRESIDENT. 

I  have  no  doubt  when  Judge  Hoar  alhidod  to  the  antiquity  of 
the  society  at  Concord  and  the  age  of  his  pastor,  Dr.  Ripley,  he 
thought  he  had  got  Salem  in  a  spot  where  it  would  be  diilicult  for 
her  to  get  out.  Now  I  wish  to  inform  him  that  the  First  Church, 
the  mother  of  the  North  Church,  is  two  hundred  and  forty-three 
years  old,  and  still  lives,  beating  the  church  at  Concord,  I  am  happy 
to  say,  by  six  5'ears.  We  have,  moreover,  had  a  centenarian  in  our 
church,  which  T  do  not  believe  the  church  at  Concord  ever  had ; 
and  I  am  sure  that  under  the  modern  modes  of  life,  if  it  never 
had  one,  it  never  will.  Let  me  introduce  to  j'ou  one  of  the  for- 
mer pastors  of  the  First  Church  in  Salem,  in  Essex  Count}-,  the 
first  church  in  the  centre  of  civilization  we  believe,  the  Rev. 
Thomas  T.  Stone,  D.  D. 

ADDRESS   OF   DR.    STONE. 

I  am  much  afraid  I  shall  be  obliged  to  content  myself  with  an 
apolog}',  if  for  no  other  reason,  that  I  am  fearful  the  few  words  I 
would  like  to  say  will  not  be  heard  by  the  audience.  I  will,  how- 
ever, say  a  word  which  may  possibly  reach  a  few  ears.  I  was 
thinking,  as  the  possibility  of  being  called  upon  occurred  to  me, 
that  I  should  be  obliged  to  confess  that  my  chief  aflection  must 
naturally  be  for  the  mother  rather  than  the  daughter.  I  have 
never  ceased  to  feel  a  strong  attachment  to  the  First  Church  from 
the  remembrance  of  its  earlier  history,  from  the  experience  which 
I  had  during  my  ministry  there,  and  the  friendships  which  were 
then  formed,  and  from  all  the  associations  which  have  grown  up 
with  it.  And  this  attachment  to  the  First  Church,  notwithstand- 
ing it  originated  there,  has  extended  through  the  whole  city  ;  it 
will  remain  forever  in  my  memory.  At  the  same  time  I  have 
some  recollections  of  the  North  Church.  Fifty-three  years  ago, 
in  the  fall  of  the  year  1819,  I  entered  upon  my  senior  3'ear  at 


88  EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

Bowdoin  College,  and  had  a  friend  who  was  brother  to  Mr.  Soule, 
the  present  principal  of  Exeter  Academy  and  at  that  time  an 
assistant.  1  well  remember  one  day  when  we  were  walking 
together,  that  he  read  to  me  a  letter  he  had  r^eceived  from  his 
brother  at  Exeter,  giving  an  account  of  the  death  of  John  Emery 
Abbot.  I  may  say  also  as  a  pleasant  recollection  of  him,  that 
some  years  before  I  entered-  college  he  had  graduated  there,  and 
traditions  of  his  pure  and  beautiful  character  were  handed  down 
to  the  time  my  college  course  commenced ;  so  that  really  I  have 
known  him  longer  than  most  present.  I  remember  particularly  the 
impression  left  upon  my  mind  in  regard  to  what  Mr.  Soule 
reported  as  the  last  words  he  uttered, —  words  sanctified  b}^  the 
lips  of  him  whose  name  it  is  our  joy  to  bear — "Father,  into  thy 
hands  I  commend  my  spirit." 

There  is  no  other  one,  of  whom  I  have  any  special  knowledge, 
who  has  been  in  the  ministry  of  that  church  before  the  time  that 
I  became  myself  connected  with  the  First  Church  in  this  place, 
Since  then,  one  of  my  earliest  remembrances  is  of  one  who  lias 
been  referred  to  here  to-day,  a  friend  with  whom  I  have  been  in 
sympathy  and  affection  during  the  whole  period  of  my  ministry, 
and  whom  I  have  retained  in  memor}^  to  this  hour,  Octavius  B. 
Frothingham. 

Like  those  who  have  spoken  before,  I  feel  I  have  nothing  to  say 
beyond  these  imperfect  reminiscences,  for  my  boyhood  was  spent 
among  the  hills  and  valleys  of  Oxford  County,  Maine,  and  it  is 
not  for  me  to  say  anything  at  all  about  my  later  years.  But  these 
very  reminiscences  must  of  course  assure  you,  as  they  must 
remind  myself,  of  the  age  to  which  I  have  reached,  and  of  how 
short  a  time  I  have  to  pass  here  on  earth.  Not  only  was  I  born 
and  educated  in  a  place  so  remote  from  you,  but  I  was  born  and 
trained  in  the  midst  of  ecclesiastical  associations  and  sympathies 
far  from  these  with  which  I  am  now  surrounded,  so  that  you  may 
consider  me  as  one  who  has  been  imported  into  the  ecclesiastical 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  89 

circle  in  wliich  I  now  stand  ;  and  whilst  I  rejoice  in  whatever  relates 
to  truth,  3-et  there  is  to  me  nothing  so  sacred  as  the  grand  asser- 
tion of  spiritual  freedom,  of  perfect,  unqualified,  unlimited  liberty 
of  thought ;  and  I  trust  you  will  pardon  the  words  of  an  old  man 
just  closing  his  course,  if  he  urges  upon  all  who  are  united  in  the 
sympathies  and  the  remembrances  which  gather  around  this  day, 
the  importance  of  cleaving  with  unyielding  tenacity,  to  the  very 
last,  to  the  great  idea  of  freedom  ;  never  suffering  it  to  be  in  the 
slightest  degree  impaired,  weakened,  diminished,  even  limited. 

THE     PEESIDENT. 

The  American  Unitarian  Association  has  done  a  great  work  in 
this  countr}-  in  the  planting  of  churches  in  the  new  and  remote 
sections,  and  in  endeavoring  to  liberalize  the  thought  of  those 
3'oung  and  vigorous  communities.  One  of  the  most  efficient  agents 
of  that  association,  the  Rev.  Charles  H.  Brigiiam,  is  present  with 
us  to-day,  a  scholar  and  a  teacher  from  whom  we  shall  all  be  glad 
to  hear. 

ADDRESS     OF     THE     REV.     C.    H.    BRIGHAM. 

Well,  ladies  and  gentleman,  or  brethren  and  sisters  rather,  I 
suppose  that  would  be  your  best  title,  considering  that  this  is  a 
religious  gathering,  I  shall  have  to  say,  as  Judge  Hoar  has  said, 
that  I  have  nothing  to  saj^  because  this  seems  to  me  a  time  of 
reminiscences  only,  where  we  should  tell  stories  about  the  old 
church.  Now  I  would  like  to  tell  you  some  old  stories  about  Mr. 
Barnard's  ordination,  but  unfortunately  for  you  I  was  not  there, 
or  about  the  little  matter  at  the  North  Bridge,  but  unfortunately 
again,  I  was  not  there  to  see  it.  My  recollections  of  Mr.  Barnard 
are  mainly  in  the  name  of  a  young  man  from  Salem  who  was  in 
college  and  whose  name  was  Thomas  Barnard  West,  who  was  a 
very  good  youth,  and  who  was  in  a  class  which  had  some  diffi- 
culties and  troubles.  But  I  suppose  his  goodness  came  from  the 
6 


90  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

name  he  bore.  I  can  recollect  Dr.  Brazer  a  good  man}^  years  ago. 
He  used  to  exchange  with  Dr.  Lowell,  and  old  Dr.  Lowell's 
people  rather  liked  the  change,  for  though  he  had  a  very  different 
voice,  and  one  to  which  they  were  not  accustomed,  yet  he  always 
preached  good  strong  sermons,  and  made  the  children  understand 
what  he  was  talking  about,  and  got  a  ver}^  strong  hold  upon  the 
men  and  women  of  the  church.  That  is  the  only  reminiscence 
of  the  old  ministers  that  I  can  give  you.  I  can  give  you  some 
valuable  ones  of  those  who  have  been  connected  with  the  church 
for  twenty-five  years  past.  Here  is  your  pastor,  with  whom  I  am 
very  well  acquainted,  and  then  when  I  was  in  Europe  I  travelled 
with  Mr.  Frothingham  and  with  Mr.  Lowe,  two  others  of  your 
ministers,  and  if  there  ever  was  a  man  who  could  calm  down  the 
quarrelling  Arabs  and  make  them  behave  themselves,  that  man 
was  Mr.  Lowe  ;  and  if  there  ever  was  an  agreeable  companion  in 
Switzerland,  it  was  Mr.  Frothingham,  who  used  to  let  me  ride  up 
hill  while  he  walked,  and  let  me  walk  down  while  he  rode,  which 
suited  me  very  much. 

I  am  continually  reminded  of  Salem  at  the  West,  for  just  as  far 
as  your  Salem  is  from  Cambridge,  just  so  far  from  the  Michigan 
University  there  is  a  Salem.  The  university  excels  Harvard  in 
numbers,  and  about  once  a  weelv  I  see  a  man  who  comes  down 
from  Salem  to  talk  to  the  boys,  and  tell  them  about  his  money. 
He  gives  liberally,  and  about  the  only  thing  he  really  loves  to 
talk  about  is  what  the  town  of  Salem  did  during  the  war,  when 
the  draft  was  made,  and  they  all  subscribed  so  liberally  that  there 
was  no  draft  at  all,  and  he  boasts  of  the  money  he  gave  himself. 
The  students  there  ask  me  about  Salem,  and  they  have  an  idea 
that  there  were  witches  in  Salem  at  one  time.  Salem  witchcraft 
is  the  very  first  idea  they  get  hold  of,  and  I  tell  them  that  if  they 
want  to  see  the  witchery,  they  must  come  down  here  and  go  out 
on  Essex  street  some  Sunday  afternoon,  when  all  the  young  ladies 
are  out,  and  then  they  will  see  the  true  witchery  of  the  nineteenth 


EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL.  91 

centuiy.  Some  of  them,  too,  liaAc  an  idea  that  there  is  a  queer 
old  house  that  everybody  ought  to  go  and  see  with  its  seven  gables, 
and  people  saj-  it  is  the  old  house  of  Hawthorne,  and  think  of 
it  sometimes  as  the  place  where  a  dreadful  murder  was  once 
committed,  but  we  will  say  nothing  about  that. 

M}'  friends  :  I  have  nothing  left  to  say  except  to  thank  you 
and  my  friend  JMr.  A\'illson  for  the  privilege  of  being  here.  If  you 
come  to  Michigan,  and  it  is  a  pleasant  day,  I  will  drive  j'ou  to 
Salem,  where  forty  or  fifty  years  ago  there  were  plenty  of  Indians, 
and  where  even  to-daj'  the  bears  are  not  all  gone,  but  w'here  in 
hard  winter  they  sometimes  unfortunately  find  themselves  in 
pits  and  traps  set  for  them  by  the  inhabitants. 

THE     PRESIDENT. 

The  relations  between  the  Unitarians  of  the  old  countr}-  and 
the  Unitarians  of  this  countr}^  have  always  been  very  intimate. 
She  has  furnished  us  with  good  literature  and  also  with  good  men  ; 
and  I  congratulate  you  and  myself  that  we  have  a  gentleman  here 
to-day  who  learned  his  first  lessons  in  Unitarianism  in  England, 
who  can  tell  us  about  the  movement  there,  and  who  has  furnished 
the  literature  of  our  denomination  with  a  rich  supply  of  refined 
thought  and  elevated  sentiment.  I  present  to  j-ou  with  great 
pleasure  the  Rev.  Wm.  Mouxtfokd. 

ADDRESS     OF     THE     REV.     WILLIAM    MOUNTFORD. 

The  Unitarians  of  England  and  those  of  America  have  a 
common  ancestry,  not  merely  as  to  blood,  but  politically  and 
religiously'.  We  are  much  more  intimately  connected  than  is 
commonly  known.  The  founders  of  the  first  churches  in  Salem, 
Plymouth,  Boston,  Dorchester,  Roxbury,  were  mostly'  of  the  same 
Puritan  connection,  and  the  same  temper  generally,  as  were  the 
two  thousand  clergymen  of  the  Established  Church  who,  in  the 
year  1GG2,  forfeited  their  livings  rather   than  violate  their  con- 


92  EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

sciences,  and  disown  the  headship  of  Christ  by  submitting  them- 
selves to  the  act  of  uniformity  as  to  public  worship,  which  had 
been  made  law  over  their  heads  by  an  unscrupulous  parliament 
and  a  poor,  faithless,  almost  perjured  king.  It  is  from  these  men 
and  others  of  like  mind,  that  the  Unitarians  of  England  derive 
their  religious  ancestry  and,  very  commonly  also,  even  their  lineal 
descent.  After  thirty  years'  of  grievous  persecution,  the  people 
who  had  been  ejected  from  their  churches  were  allowed  to  build 
chapels  for  themselves  ;  and  it  was  their  peculiarity,  as  distin- 
guishing them  from  all  other  dissenters,  that  they  deliberately  and 
strenuously  repudiated  the  use  of  a  creed,  or  any  other  bond  in 
common  than  acceptance  of  the  Bible. 

In  so  many  of  the  earliest  churches  of  this  region,  there  has 
been  a  development  of  that  spirit  which  was  in  John  Robinson, 
at  Delft-haven,  when  he  said  his  last  words  to  the  future  founders 
of  Plymouth  ;  for  he  spoke  of  his  persuasion,  of  God's  having 
still  much  fresh  truth  to  burst  forth  from  his  Holy  Word.  Many 
more  persons  than  did  would  have  followed  after  the  early  settlers 
of  New  England,  but  they  were  prevented  by  one  cause  and 
another,  and  some  of  them  bj^  the  Government,  and  among  the 
latter  class,  it  is  said,  was  Oliver  Cromwell.  As  compared  with 
what  their  friends  in  England  had  to  undergo  for,  many  long  years, 
your  forefathers  had  not  such  a  very  hard  time,  while  taking  pos- 
session of  broad  acres  and  getting  their  own  way  as  to  Church 
and  State. 

It  was  from  England  that  Dr.  Bentley  of  this  city  got  much  of 
his  sympathy  as  a  Unitarian,  and  generally  it  was  from  English 
writers  that  American  divines  got  initiation  into  Unitarianism  — 
writers,  such  as  Hoptou  Haynes,  the  intimate  friend  of  Sir  Isaac 
Newton,  and  Duchal  the  preacher,  with  whose  writings  Dr.  Chan- 
ning  was  well  acquainted.  Dr.  Franklin  presented  a  quantity  of 
books  to  some  little  town  in  New  England  —  Franklin  I  think  — 
as  a  public  library,  and  of  the  books  a  curiously  large  proportion 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  93 

were  theological,  ami  of  those  tluit  were  theological,  a  striking 
proportion  were  by  English  Unitarians.  The  father  of  "William 
Ilazlitt  was  the  author  of  two  volumes  of  good  sermons  ;  he  was 
a  zealous  Unitarian,  and  a  great  good  man  as  to  Church  and  State 
in  England,  l>v  the  wa}'  of  opposition.  For  two  or  three  years, 
while  his  son  AVilliam,  the  celebrated  essayist,  was  a  little  boy,  he 
lived  hereabouts  ;  was  familiar  with  Kennebunk,  and  preached 
occasionally  at  King's  Chapel  in  Boston.  The  first  christian 
congregation  in  America,  gathered  together  as  Unitarian,  was  in 
Philadelphia,  and  it  was  in  connection  with  the  preaching  there, 
of  Dr.  Priestley  ;  and  of  the  earlier  members  of  that  congregation, 
several  of  the  chief  were  English  Unitarians.  The  Unitarian 
congregation  at  Washington  had  English  people  among  its  first 
members,  and  its  first  clergyman  was  an  Englishman,  who  had 
been  a  Unitarian  minister  at  Birmingham,  in  England.  Dr. 
Priestlej'  was  also  from  Birmingham ;  he  was,  ecclesiastically,  a 
refugee  ;  as,  in  a  way,  was  many  another  Unitarian,  who  migrated  to 
this  country  between  the  A-ears  1790  and  1820.  Before  Dr.  Priestley 
came  to  this  country  he  had  been  driven  from  Birmingham  by  a 
mob,  and  not  without  the  connivance  of  the  magistracy.  His 
house,  library  and  laboratory  had  been  burned  ;  the  houses  also  of 
some  of  his  more  immediate  friends  ;  his  chapel  and  two  other 
places  of  Unitarian  worship.  After  his  expulsion  from  Bir- 
mingham he  went  to  London,  but  there  he  got  no  peace,  and  it 
was  in  the  bosom  of  Pennsylvania  that  he  found  rest  at  last  and 
died.  Since  then,  however,  and  recently,  by  the  repentant  public 
at  Birmingham,  and  elsewhere  in  connection  with  science,  monu- 
mental testimonials  have  been  erected  to  his  memory.  Of  the 
connection  between  England  and  the  Unitarians  of  America,  I 
could  readil}'  adduce  many  more  illustrations  ;  but  from  what  I  have 
said  you  can  see,  that  though  the  Unitarians  of  England  are,  by 
time,  but  like  distant  cousins,  yet  that  they  and  j'ou,  by  origin,  are 
of  the  same  old  household  of  faith.     I  will  add  one  thing  for  its 


94  EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

singularity.  The  grandfather  of  a  schoolmate  and  friend  of  mine, 
Mr.  Russell,  was  a  fellow-sufferer  with  Dr.  Priestley,  and  he  under- 
took to  accompany  him  to  America ;  subsequently,  in  quieter 
time,  he  went  back  to  Birmingham ;  but  while  he  was  in  this 
country  he  would  seem  to  have  been  much  more  at  home,  relig- 
iously, in  New  Haven  than  in  any  other  city  of  New  England, 

Perhaps  in  no  country  in  the  world  has  there  been  as  much 
improvement,  ecclesiastically,  as  there  has  been  in  England  during 
the  last  fifty  years  ;  though,  to  be  sure,  the  commencement  was 
from  very  low  down,  and  from  what  was  very  bad  indeed.  I 
remember  the  time  in  England,  and  I  was  more  than  ten  years 
old  then,  when  no  person  could  be  a  member  of  a  municipal 
government,  be  a  mayor  or  alderman,  be  an  officer  in  the  army  or 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  be  a  member  of  the  Cabinet  or  an  excise- 
man connected  with  the  Customs,  without  his  producing  a  certifi- 
cate, for  which  he  had  paid  a  fee  to  an  Episcopal  clergyman, 
showing  that  he  had  taken  the  sacrament  in  a  church  connected 
with  the  Establishment.  At  a  later  time  even  than  that,  it  was 
not  possible  for  Unitarians,  nor  even  for  Trinitarian  dissenters,  to 
be  married,  except  at  the  Episcopal  church  and  by  an  Episcopalian 
clergyman.  Nor  was  there  any  legal  registry  as  to  the  birth  of 
children,  except  at  the  Episcopal  church.  I  remember  the  time 
when  horrible  things  happened  in  London,  because  of  the  fewness 
and  smallness  of  the  burial  grounds  which  there  were  for  an 
enormous  population,  growing  every  year  at  a  tremendons  rate. 
The  bishop  of  London,  in  the  House  of  Lords,  resisted  a  Bill  for 
terminating  the  horrible,  shocking  use  of  some  of  the  little  church- 
yards in  London,  with  a  view  to  the  emplo3^ment  of  cemeteries  in 
the  suburbs  ;  and  as  to  this  opposition,  he  was  resolute,  except  on 
condition  that,  wherever  a  person  died,  a  sum  should  be  due  to  the 
Episcopal  clergyman,  equivalent  to  a  burial-fee,  and  on  the  paj-- 
ment  of  which,  the  friends  or  executors  should  be  free  to  carry  the 
body  away  and  bury  it  as  they  pleased..    It  is  even  now  less  than 


EXERCISES    AT    NOK3IAL    HALL.  95 

thirty  j'ears  since  an  assanlt  was  made,  involving  the  tennre  of 
ahnost  every  Unitarian  church  in  Enghuid  and  Ireland.  But  it 
was  stopped  by  the  Prime  IMinister  of  the  time,  Sir  Robert  Peel ; 
who  introduced  a  bill  into  Parliament,  by  which  Unitarians  were 
emancipated  from  the  disqualifying  effects  of  an  old  persecuting 
law,  bv  which,  formerly,  every  person,  for  impugning  the  doctrine 
of  the  trinity,  was  liable  to  tine  and  im[)risoument,  and  for  doing 
it  a  third  time  Avas  liable  to  the  confiscation  of  all  his  property 
and  to  be  imprisoned  for  life.  Sir  Robert  carried  his  Bill  through 
Parliament  triumphantly  and  amidst  the  acclamations  of  the 
leaders  of  all  parties,  and  yet  also  against  an  opposition,  more 
numerous  as  petitioners,  than  was  ever  made  against  auy  Bill  or 
an}'  law.  When  I  was  a  3'outh,  I  was  offered  an  education  at 
Oxford,  one  of  the  great  national  universities.  But  my  way  was 
barred  by  the  Episcopal  church  —  the  church  Established  by  Law  as 
the  phrase  used  to  be.  At  that  time,  a  young  man  might  have  had 
a  birthright  title  to  a  scholarship  and  been  the  best  candidate  of 
the  3'ear,  as  regards  literary  and  moral  qualifications  ;  but  he  could 
not  be  matriculated,  without  signing  the  Thirty-nine  Articles.  A 
man  could  not  even  begin  the  study  of  theology,  at  the  univer- 
sity, without  having  first  avowed  and  signed  his  belief  in  those 
Thirtj'-nine  Articles.  Of  abuses  and  oppressions,  such  as  I 
have  been  referring  to,  the  larger  part,  though  far  from  all  —  but 
the  larger  part  —  are  now  abolished.  Now  is  not  that  a  great 
advance  as  to  church-matters?  "WelJ,  it  is  really,  that  is  to  say 
for  England. 

Those  Thirt3'-uine  Articles  !  AYhat  multitudes  of  hj'pocrites  they 
have  made  in  England  !  AVhat  souls  in  vast  armies,  they  have 
straitened  and  tortured  in  conscience  !  Oh,  that  some  man  of  wide 
personal  knowledge,  somebody  like  Dean  Stanley,  would  write  on 
the  subject  his  reminiscences  and  experiences,  before  it  is  too  late  ! 
What  flippancies  he  would  have  to  tell  of,  and  what  agonies  !  It  is 
said  that  Theodore  Hook,  being  asked  at  Oxford  by  the  vice-chan- 


96  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

cellor  whether  he  was  prepared  to  sign  the  Thirty-nine  Articles, 
replied  "  Oh  yes  !    Forty,  if  you  wish." 

We  are  getting  now  to  understand  that  there  is  no  knowing  well 
what  a  man  is  theologically,  by  simply  what  he  can  sign  or  say. 
It  may  very  well  happen  sometimes  that  the  more  a  man  knows, 
the  less  there  will  be  by  which  he  would  willingly  swear  to  abide. 
And  again,  the  same  truth,  in  one  man's  mind,  may  be  no  better 
than  a  prejudice,  while  in  the  mind  of  another  person,  it  may  be 
like  a  quickening  soul.  We  are  getting  to  understand  that  signing 
and  assenting,  and  that  even  without  meaning  any  harm,  is  a  very 
different  thing  from  believing  ;  and  it  is  what  many  a  man  has  been 
a  party  to,  who  had  no  more  soul  of  belief  than  the  pen  he  wrote 
with,  whether  goose-quill  or  steel.  Any  man  can  sign,  in  a  way,  the 
Articles  of  the  Church  of  England,  for  instance  ;  but  understanding 
them,  as  the  framers  meant  exactly,  is  not  quite  so  easy ;  and 
believing  in  those  articles  by  a  right  discernment  of  the  logic 
which  they  involve,  and  l)y  the  best  helps  reasonably  accessible 
from  learning  human  and  diA'ine, —  to  that,  probabl}^,  in  all  Eng- 
land there  are  not  five  hundred  persons  competent,  and  on  the 
Episcopal  bench,  not  eight,  as  it  would  seem. 

People  talk  so  strangely  about  faith  and  believing  !  What  would 
be  the  gain  as  to  science,  or  the  world's  progr-ess,  if  every  boy 
on  going  to  school  should  be  made  to  subscribe  his  belief  in 
the  elements  of  geometry  as  developed  by  Euclid !  Faith,  every 
earnest  soul  is  competent  to  —  on  the  most  important  points,  relig- 
iously ;  but  faith  as  to  conclusions  drawn  from  metaphysics, 
faith  as  to  such  things  in  any  proper  sense  of  the  word,  is 
what  few  people  can  profess  without  making  themselves  ridic- 
ulous. Of  the  merely  conjectural,  or  of  the  unknowable,  however 
plausibly  expressed  as  to  seemingness,  what  is  got  by  exacting 
or  giving  a  profession  of  belief?  Oftuscation  moral  and  mental 
—  that  is  all. 

It  is  not  what  creeds  and  history  a  man  can  swallow  that  is 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL    HALL.  97 

good  ;  but  what  he  can  inwardly  digest  and  have  liis  soul  quickened 
with.  To  profess  an  article  of  faith  is  what,  apparently,  in  a  light 
way,  most  people  are  able  ;  but  thoroughly  to  nnderstand  it  is 
something  not  qnite  so  common  ;  and  inwardly  to  digest  it,  so  as 
to  live  by  it  —  think,  hope  and  pray  —  that  maj^  be  something  still 
more  rare.  Home  Tooke  would  have  us  thirik,  that  believing  a 
doctrine  is  our  having  such  a  sense  of  it  intellectuall}'  and  morally 
as  that  it  can  be  be-lived  by  us.  It  is  the  believing  temper,  or 
rather  it  is  the  temper  which  grows  on  a  man  with  believing ;  this, 
that  is  so  rarely  looked  to,  is  the  ultimate  true  test  as  to  creeds, 
professions,  pretensions,  inquiry  and  conviction.  Not  will  merely, 
nor  recklessness,  nor  arrogance,  nor  loud  voice  in  statement,  helps 
a  hearer  as  to  belief,  but  soul  onl}', —  the  sonl,  that  is  alive  with  the 
wisdom  of  the  past,  and  sensitive  as  to  the  future  —  the  soul,  as 
it  quickens  with  the  Divine  Spirit,  and  throbs,  too,  with  its  fleshly 
connections. 

No  doubt,  the  constitution  of  free  churches  has  its  exposures 
and  liabilities,  like  everything  else  that  is  human  ;  but  they  are 
no  more  than  what  are  capable  of  being  readily  treated  among 
people  of  an}'  honor,  not  to  say  even  of  christian  grace.  But  I 
have  been  asked,  what  security  has  a  free  church  against  the  inani- 
ties and  vagaries  of  some  conceivable  clerg3'man.  There  is  the 
Bible  !  And  twenty  creeds  could  not  make  it  more  binding,  or 
plainer.  And  besides,  after  all,  wh}^  should  ineptitudes,  and  igno- 
rance, and  crass  ignorance  be  accounted  a  greater  scandal  to  Liber- 
alism than  it  is  to  Orthodoxy,  or  than  when  it  is  preached  in  white 
sleeves?  As  to  preaching,  there  are  no  better  guarantees  than 
common  sense  and  good  faith,  and  truthfulness  even  simpl}'  as 
to  the  text,  "We  preach  not  ourselves,  but  Christ  Jesus  the  Lord  : 
and  ourselves  3'our  servants  for  Jesus'  sake." 

But  now,  j-et  another  word  still  as  to  church  freedom  :  and  for 
comfort  I  prefer  to  argue  it  as  though  on  foreign  ground.  At  the 
present  time,  in  the  Church  of  England,  the  ablest  man  theologi- 


98  EXEECISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

cally,  next  perhaps  after  Dean  Stanley,  is  Professor  Jowett,  now 
known  perhaps  by  some  higher  title.  His  work  on  the  "  Epistles 
of  Paul "  is  a  fine,  scholarly  production.  As  to  interpretation, 
it  is  old  Unitarianism,  mostly  ;  but  it  has  a  grace  of  its  own.  Cer- 
tain special  passages  in  his  work  having  been  complained  of,  he 
was  summoned  by  the  vice-chancellor  of  Oxford  to  renew  his 
subscription  to  the  Thirty-nine  Articles,  which  he  did  at  once. 
Two  days  afterward,  in  the  London  newspaper  called  the  "Times," 
were  published,  in  parallel  columns,  the  passages  in  his  two 
volumes  which  had  been  complained  of,  and  also  such  extracts 
from  the  Thirty-nine  Articles  as  they  were  supposed  to  conflict 
with.  And  plainly  the  two  columns  were  in  flat  contradiction. 
The  complaining  Dr.  Golightly,  with  his  companion,  added  some- 
thing like  this:  "What  is  a  safeguard  worth  as  to  the  Church, 
when  a  man  will  publish  in  two  serious  volumes,  what  he  will 
practically  repudiate  within  a  fortnight,  and  j^et  still  continue  to 
go  on  publishing  and  selling?"  True  enough!  Quis  custodiet 
custodes  ?  The  old  trouble !  But  yet  Dr.  Jowett  might  say, 
"  Always  are  we  to  be  ruled  by  fools  ?  Am  I,  because  of  my  know- 
ing more  than  some  other  people,  and  being  wiser  than  the  old 
creed-makers  of  the  dark  ages,  to  forego  place,  honor  and  advan- 
tage, and  turn  dissenter,  and  get  down  into  the -dirt?"  There  is 
something  in  that ;  and  let  it  go  for  what  it  is  worth.  But  how 
about  the  persons  who  have  stayed  outside  the  universit}'-  of 
Oxford,  with  all  its  wealth  and  high  places,  because  they  were 
unwilling  to  enter  it  dishonestly?  It  is  a  curious  sign  of  the 
times  that  Dr.  Jowett  should  be  able  to  be  the  Head  of  a  college 
in  Oxford,  and  be  ready  to  sign  the  Thirty -nine  Articles  any  day, 
and  yet  publish  the  works  he  does,  and  get  the  kind  of  praise 
he  gains.  He  is  to  be  pardoned,  perhaps,  because  of  extenuating 
circumstances,  but  still  more  certainly  he  is  to  be  pitied.  The 
sadness  of  such  a  case,  and  there  have  been  hundreds  and  perhaps 
thousands  very  like  it — I  say,  the  sadness  of  such  instances  is 


EXERCISES  AT  NOKMAL  HALL.  99 

evidence  as  to  the  wisdom  which  waited  on  the  foundation  and 
development  of  the  North  Church  in  Sah'in. 

Oh  the  wisdom  more  than  AvorUUy,  as  to  which  the  founders  of 
your  church  had  some  sense  !  For  in  an  ordinar}'^  way  how  could 
they  have  anticipated,  what  yet  they  were  providing  against,  as  to 
friendly  meeting — this  flood  of  knowledge  which  has  been  pouring 
in  upon  us,  since  Newton  was  wondered  at,  and  ceased  from  this 
world  ?  What  could  they  have  known  of  the  way  in  which  this 
earth  was  about  to  unbosom  herself  as  to  her  secret  history,  as 
concerning  time  and  make  ?  How  could  they  have  foreseen  such 
facts  as  the  discovery  of  that  ancient  and,  to  a  certain  degree, 
authoritative  manuscript,  connected  with  the  Scriptures,  called 
Siuaitic?  "What  could  they  have  foreknown  of  the  speculative 
effects  of  having  the  universe,  through  science,  widen  round  us  so 
familiarly,  as  that  we  mortals  on  our  earth  can  feel  ourselves  but 
like  the  occupants  of  some  one  out  of— what  the  Psalmist  may 
have  meant  when  he  said  "  The  chariots  of  God  are  twenty  thou- 
sand?" How  could  they  have  foreseen,  w'hat  yet  is  so  absolutely 
certain,  that  even  theology  itself  would  have  to  be  born  again; 
born  not  of  the  will  of  man  nor  of  creed-makers,  but  of  the  Spirit 
—  in  Christ  Jesus,  a  new  creature?  All  honor  to  the  men  who 
were  ahead  of  their  age,  and  whose  faces  were  set  aright  as  to 
the  coming  dawn ! 

The  coral  insects  begin  building  from  the  floor  of  the  ocean ; 
they  shape  for  themselves  little  cells  tliat  become  their  tombs ; 
and  with  building  cell  upon  cell,  and  tomb  upon  tomb,  slowly  the 
surftice  of  the  sea  is  reached.  And  prompted  by  an  instinct 
greater  than  what  might  suflflce  for  their  little  lives,  these  insects 
build  up  islands  and  rampart  them  about,  against  seas  wild 
with  the  whirlwind  ;  islands  where  man  can  land  and  live,  and 
which  the  orange  can  perfume  with  its  scent,  and  brighten  with  its 
golden  fruit.  And  a  hundred  and  two  hundred  years  ago  the 
founders  of  churches,  free  as  to  Avhat  are  called  creeds,  acted  from 


100  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

a  perception  of  right,  and  yet  also  more  wisel}'  than  they  knew, 
as  to  the  fnture.  For  what  could  they  possibly  have  anticipated 
as  to  what  was  to  be  after  them,  with  the  widening  disclosures  of 
science  and  history  and  archaeology  and  also  experience  ?  ' '  The 
Bible,"  they  said  among  themselves,  "  the  Bible  is  our  creed,  open 
alwaj^s  for  study  by  all  the  light  that  time  may  let  in  upon  it,  or 
the  heavens  vouchsafe."  Wise  master-builders,  they !  And  now 
Protestant  churches,  bound  by  the  creeds  of  preceding  centuries, 
can  live  only  by  ignoring  their  fetters,  or  else  by  a  debasing  tam- 
pering as  to  tlie  meaning  of  words  and  phrases  !  All  honor  again 
to  the  good  men  who  forestalled  all  that,  as  to  peril ! 

And  now  as  the  successors  of  these  honorable  men,  what  is  due 
from  us?  Distinctiveh%  honesty  and  simplicity  as  to  profession, 
and  reverence  and  carefulness  as  to  the  study  of  the  Scriptures ; 
and  could  I  say,  also,  leadership  in  the  church  as  to  thinking? 
But  that  last  thing  is  of  the  gift  aud  call  of  God,  and  not  of 
mere  fleshly  willing.  And  yet  if  we  were  as  good,  as  to  time  and 
circumstance,  as  our  forefathers  were,  it  is  from  among  us  that 
teachers  should  rise,  who  might  be  competent  to  the  philosophj^  of 
the  Scriptures  as  to  revelation,  and  who  might  interpret  concur- 
rently the  marvel  of  Christ's  resurrection  and  the  marvellousness 
which  does  so  clothe  the  lily  of  the  field,  and  which  lies  latent 
through  the  winter  in  every  acorn  about  to  become  an  oak,  and  in 
every  grain  of  mustard-seed  which  in  Palestine  is  to  become  a 
tree,  whereon  the  birds  can  alight  and  sing.  And  if  our  school  of 
thought  were  as  well  open  to  light  as  it  ought  to  be,  apparently  it 
might  be  in  connection  with  us  that  the  earliest  teachers  would  be 
heard  as  to  that  rainbow  of  promise  which  the  sun  of  science  makes 
in  even  the  fogs  which  accrue  from  earthly  change  and  decay. 

And  now  I  will  say,  by  way  of  a  moral,  that  because  of  pride  in 
ancestry  we  are  liable  to  spiritual  apathy,  and  perhaps  at  the  last 
to  find  ourselves  glor^dng  in  mere  negations.  There  have  been 
times  when  denial,  ecclesiastically,  was  almost  as  grand  as  the 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  101 

prophet's  ''Thus  saith  the  Lord."  But  those  times  are  past,  and 
to-day  boys  of  sixteen  are  very  often  ready  to  deny  and  dispute 
anything  religiously,  and  a  communitj^  like  3'ours,  as  to  education, 
has  all  the  notions  of  Strauss  and  Buchner  in  the  air,  as  it  were, 
and  latent  in  the  minds  of  the  children.  Free-thinking  is  nothing 
now  as  a  peculiarity,  except  as  it  explores  the  way  to  the  temple 
of  truth,  and  now  and  then  usliers  a  high-priest  of  thought  into 
the  holy  of  holies,  and  prepares  us  all  for  the  '  lively  oracles '  of 
a  living  God.  Tlie  libert}^  which  does  not  ennoble  us  and  quicken 
us  as  religious  thinkers,  we  are  unworthy  of.  For  thinking,  in  a 
church,  can  be  straitened  and  enslaved  not  only  b}^  old,  complicate, 
intricate  creeds,  but  also  by  prejudices  unconsciously  entertained, 
or  by  inherited  predispositions  of  feeling  or  by  the  subtle  man- 
agement of  perhaps  two  or  three  persons  more  bigoted  than 
scrupulous. 

What  the  better  are  3'ou  for  being  Unitarians,  unless  there  abide 
in  you  that  spirit  of  truth  which  is  guidance,  and  prompting  and 
willingness  as  to  all  truth  ? 

In  England,  on  such  an  occasion  as  this,  there  is  a  Sentiment 
which  is  never  forgotten — Civil  and  Religious  Liberty,  all  the  world 
over  !  and  in  olden  times,  when  George  the  Third  was  king,  it 
was,  no  doubt,  familiar  to  your  forefathers  as  a  post-prandial  toast. 
"  Blessed  is  the  nation  whose  God  is  the  Lord,"  says  the  Psalmist, 
and  happy  are  the  people  who  are  strong  in  the  same  great  truths 
which  their  fathers  lived  by  !  Happy  the  persons  all,  who  can 
triumph  in  the  same  great  cause,  which  their  forefathers  loved  and 
struggled  for ! 

Oh  !  those  words  that  come  to  mind  so  forcibly  to-day :  "Your 
fathers,  where  are  they?  and  the  prophets,  do  they  live  forever?" 
Yes,  they  do,  all  of  them  forever  and  ever,  withinside  of  the  spirit- 
ual and  invisible  ;  and  in  those  spheres  of  being  which  collectively 
we  call  heaven  ;  and  from  within  which,  it  is  possible  that  they 
raaj'  be  cognizant  of  us,  at  this  very  moment  —  like  as  it  is  writ- 


102  EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

ten  as  to  some  of  the  incidents  of  revelation  "  Which  things  the 
angels  desire  to  look  into."  Alive  forever !  Yes,  they  are,  and 
even  in  this  world,  in  a  way,  they  survive  themselves,  in  the  true 
principles  which  they  elaborated,  in  the  institutions  which  they 
founded,  and  in  the  continuation  of  the  churches,  forth  into  which 
went  their  earnestness.  "  Other  men  labored,  and  ye  are  entered 
into  their  labors,"  or  you  ought  to  be.  They  who  strive  for  the 
right,  and  who  live  faithfully  by  what  light  they  have,  follow  after 
the  great  army  of  martyrs  and  confessors,  to  find,  on  passing  the 
gateway  of  death,  that  they  have  been  sharing  in  a  struggle  with 
sin  and  darkness,  greater  perhaps  and  more  wonderful  than  they 
had  ever  thought. 

There  is  plan  and  purpose  in  the  world's  ongoing,  as  much  as 
there  ever  was  in  the  shaping  of  our  earth.  For  every  sowing  in 
tears,  there  is  always  somewhere,  at  sometime,  a  harvest  of  joy.  No 
man  lives  all  to  himself;  and  no  man  dies  merely  to  himself. 
Striving,  hoping  and  believing — that  is  the  temper,  as  to  which 
through  nature  and  through  Christ,  God  would  be  shaping  us. 
Clouds  and  darkiiess  are  round  about  him  ;  but  justice  and  judgment 
are  the  foundations  of  his  throne.  Oh,  there  is  no  knowing  at  what 
rate  swings  the  slow  pendulum  which  regulates  the  course  of  human 
progress,  nor  what  the  circumference  is  of  that  face,  round  which 
creeps  the  finger  which  indicates  the  hours  of  reform  and  advance. 
Nor  can  a  guess  be  hazarded  as  to  that  millennial  hour,  when 
again  the  morning  stars  will  sing  together,  and  when  the  angels  of 
heaven  will  cry  "The  war  of  man  with  man,  and  of  creed  with 
creed  —  earth's  warfare  is  accomplished:  and  the  kingdoms  of 
that  world  have  become  the  kingdom  of  our  Lord  and  his  Christ." 
But  with  ever}^  sunrise  it  is  nearer  earth  — that  blessed  time  !  and 
with  every  pulse  that  throbs  our  veins,  it  is  nearer  to  us — that 
coming  time  !  And  oh,  it  is  so  surely  nearer  to  us,  with  every  good 
life  that  is  finished,  and  with  every  good  and  perfect  thought  that 
comes  down  from  above,  into  a  good  man's  mind  ! 


EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL.  103 

THE     PRESIDENT. 

I  am  happy  to  sa}'  there  is  in  our  luiuily  a  rolmst  sister.  The 
First  Church  did  not  send  forth  the  North  Cliurch  alone,  but 
slie  also  established  a  branch  in  the  town  of  Marblehead.  I  have 
the  pleasure  of  introducing  to  you  the  Rev.  John  "W.  Cuadwick, 
of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  who  will  respond  for  that  branch. 

ADDRESS     OF     THE     REV.   JOHN     AY.    CHADWICK. 

Mk.  President,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  :  Once  upon  a  time 
Parson  Brazer,  of  the  North  Church  in  Salem,  and  Parson  Bart- 
lett,  of  the  Unitarian  Church  in  Marblehead,  had  arranged  for  an 
exchange  of  pulpits  and  when  the  Sunday  morning  came  and  the 
time  for  the  services  had  arrived.  Dr.  Brazer,  I  think,  got  to  his 
post  in  good  season,  and  the  Marblehead  people  were  duly  edified 
by  his  preaching.  But  the  people  of  the  North  Church  in  Salem 
came  to  church  and  the  time  came  for  the  services  to  begin,  but  no 
minister  appeared.  After  waiting  about  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes 
beyond  the  usual  time,  and  wondering  ver^'  much  what  had  hap- 
pened. Parson  Bartlett,  Avho  was  alwa3'S  a  person  of  rubicund  and 
florid  appearance,  arrived,  looking  somewhat  more  florid  than  was 
his  wont.  No  explanation  was  given  but  the  parson  went  on  with 
his  services  with  as  much  composure  as  he  could  command.  It 
was  afterward  discovered  that  he  had  undertaken  to  walk  from 
Marblehead  to  Salem  (and  at  that  time  I  may  say  the  Sunday 
omnibus  was  not  regarded  as  a  means  of  grace)  and,  to  save  as 
much  time  as  he  could,  he  walked  "  across-lots."  Mr.  Hale  has  a 
sermon  he  is  fond  of  preaching  about  the  way  of  the  transgressor 
being  hard,  the  transgressor  being  the  man  who  goes  "across-lots." 
On  this  occasion  the  way  of  Parson  Bartlett  was  particularly  hard, 
for  he  was  chased  by  a  bull.  It  so  happened,  however,  that  he 
was  in  the  close  viciuit}'  of  a  stone  wall,  and  he  climbc  d  over  ;  the 
bull  came  on  with  such  tremendous  velocity  that  as  he  went  over 


104  EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

the  wall,  he  went  over  the  parson  too,  and  did  not  discover  for 
some  time  that  the  parson  was  not  ahead  of  him.  B}^  that  time 
the  parson  had  got  back  over  the  wall,  and  over  the  bull  went 
again.  And  so  it  went  on  for  some  twenty  minutes,  the  "artful 
dodger"  being  now  on  one  side  of  the  wall  and  now  the  other 
side,  the  contest  growing  continually  more  lively  and  exciting, 
until  the  owner  of  the  bull,  by  some  happy  conjunction  of  affairs, 
happened  to  discover  what  was  going  on,  and  sent  some  one  to 
call  off  the  bull,  and  the  parson  proceeded  on  his  way  rejoicing. 
The  moral  of  which  is,  that  under  the  circumstances  I  think  I 
should  be  justified  in  "dodging,"  for  two  reasons,  one  of  which  is 
that  this  is  the  first  warning  I  have  had  that  I  was  to  speak  at  all. 
Mr.  Willson  said  something  about  coming  prepared  to  sing,  and  1 
have  sung  with  the  rest.  Another  reason  is  that  these  speeches  . 
have  gone  on  so  long  and  so  pleasantly  that  we  have  come  to  that 
time  when  it  is  alwaj^s  proper  to  say  that  "so  much  has  been  said 
and  so  well  said  that  I  will  not  occupy  your  time."  I  was  glad  to 
have  the  President  date  me  from  Marblehead,  for  I  was  somewhat 
in  doubt  when  I  found  he  was  aiming  at  me  whether  I  was  here  as 
a  representative  of  Marblehead  or  as  a  representative  of  Brooklyn, 
and  certainly  it  is  as  a  representative  of  Marblehead  I  am  here  in 
my  thought,  because  as  I  sat  in  the  church  and  heard  the  pleasant 
words  of  the  speaker,  singing  that  pleasant  song  of  departed  days, 
my  thoughts  were  thoughts  of  Marblehead  and  not  of  Brooklyn. 
My  heart  almost  condemns  me  for  having  allowed  Parson  Bartlett 
to  appear  before  you  in  a  ridiculous  aspect  at  a  time  when  almost 
everybody  was  afraid  of  the  minister.  I  am  sure  I  never  was 
afraid  of  him,  for  it  was  always  a  very  pleasant  time  when  he  came 
into  the  house,  except  when  I  was  sick  and  he  would  order  me 
some  medicine,  for  30U  must  remember,  he  was  a  physician  of 
bodies  as  well  as  of  souls.  The  town  people  generally  used  to 
think  his  medicine  was  orthodox,  whatever  they  thought  of  his 
creed  ;  perhaps,  because  they  got  the  medicine  for  nothing.     My 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  105 

thoughts  were  of  liim  and  all  his  kindly  pleasantries,  and  of  one 
other  who  only  a  3'ear  or  two  ago  passed  beyond  this  life,  and  with 
whom  year  after  )'ear  I  entered  into  "close  communion."  So  that 
as  I  heard  your  preaclier  talk  of  Parson  IJarnanl  and  ]\Ir.  Abbot, 
of  Mr.  Brazer  and  Dr.  Prince,  the  names  did  not  seem  at  all 
unfamiliar  to  me  because  I  had  heard  my  good  grandmother  talk 
of  them  so  often  that  I  felt  I  realh'  knew  tliem.  There  was  one 
sermon,  too,  that  she  was  very  fond  of  reading  to  me,  by  Dr. 
Prince,  with  the  beautiful  text,  as  she  thought,  "In  the  day  that  I 
make  up  my  jewels."  Through  her,  therefore,  I  entered  into 
communion  with  these  people.  As  I  listened  to  Mr.  Willson's 
address,  I  wondered  with  what  ej^es  they  would  regard  us  from 
their  heavenly  seats,  we  who  are  working  in  their  places,  but  by 
such  different  methods  and  such  different  ways,  and  thinking  this 
over  I  was  glad  when  the  key  of  explanation  came  from  Mr. 
Willson's  own  lips ;  when  he  told  us  that  the  corner-stone  of  their 
preaching  and  of  their  hold  upon  the  people  was  the  liberty,  the 
humanit}',  the  holiness  and  love  they  taught.  So  I  felt  we  were 
with  them.  We  are  doing  our  best  in  our  wa}^  and  we  are  with 
them  in  the  most  essential  way  of  all.  Being  in  this  Normal 
School  building  reminds  me  of  that  motto  of  Dr.  Pierce  of  Lex- 
ington, "  Live  to  the  truth,"  and  I  am  sure  if  we  of  this  day  and 
generation  are  ti'ue  to  our  light,  to  such  light  as  is  given  us, 
working  on  as  faithfully  and  steadfastly  as  we  can,  doing  our  work 
in  our  own  way,  there  is  notliing  existing  in  this  world  or  in  any 
other  that  can  separate  us  from  the  love  of  Christ  that  was  in  those 
men  and  women  of  the  elder  da^^s,  who  constitute  with  us  one 
family'  in  earth  and  in  heaven. 

THE  PRESIDENT. 

The  relations  that  existed  between  the  distinguished  men  of  the 
time  when  the  Rev.  John  Pierpont  sang  his  great  song  in  Bos- 
ton, and  when  the  liberty-loving  peoiAe  of  Salem  listened  with 
7 


106  EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

SO  much  gladness,  have  continued  to  this  day.  I  am  happy  to 
introduce  to  you  the  Rev.  George  L.  Chaney,  minister  of  the 
Hollis  Street  Church,  Boston,  a  society  that  was  old  before  this 
church  was  born.     Mr.  Chaney  came  from  Salem. 

ADDRESS   OF  REV.    GEORGE  L.   CHANEY. 

Mr.  President  :  There  are  three  blessings  for  which  I  desire  to 
give  thanks.  First,  tliat  I  was  born  in  Salem ;  second,  that  I 
went  away  from  Salem  ;  and  third,  that  I  have  returned  to  it 
to-day. 

You  remember  the  old  tribute  which  the  wandering  sons  of 
Salem  were  wont  to  pay  to  their  native  town  : —  that  it  was  a  good 
place  to  have  come  from.  But  as  often  as  we  come  back  to  the 
old  city  her  motherly  love  makes  us  feel  that  it  is  an  equally  good 
place  to  return  to.  That  we  never  know  our  blessings  till  they 
take  their  flight  is  nowhere  better  shown  than  in  the  experience  of 
a  Salem  exile  from  home. 

Just  as  people  who  have  most  to  boast  of  fall  into  self-dispar- 
agement, so  it  has  long  been  a  practice,  among  the  rising  genera- 
tions at  least,  to  laugh  at  the  slow  gait  and  drowsy  habits  of  the 
good  old  mother  city  that  bore  them.  But  a  very  short  acquaint- 
ance with  other  towns  and  life  in  other  countries  opens  our  eyes 
wonderfully  to  the  advantages  we  had  at  home.  How  should  we 
know  until  we  had  tried  other  places  that  every  city  did  not  have 
a  grand  parade  ground  in  its  centre,  with  a  green-coated  company 
of  valiant  elm  trees  keeping  perpetual  guard  around  it  ?  Or  how 
were  we  to  learn  tiiat  the  old  museum  was  a  Salem  specialty? 
That  only  here  could  a  man  be  at  home  in  all  the  world  without 
leaving  his  native  city?  We  should  have  regarded  it  as  local 
prejudice  if  any  one  had  claimed  for  Salem  the  possession  of  a 
peculiar  institution  in  the  Essex  Institute  or  the  Athenaeum. 
These  nurseries  of  science  and  letters  were  so  much  a  matter  of 
course  in  our  youthful  life,  that  any  Salem  boy  taken  to  Timbuctoo 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  107 

or  Terra  del  Fuego  wotikl  have  inuoccntl}'^  asked  the  way  to  the 
Institute  or  Library,  not  conceiving  of  a  land  in  which  these  things 
were  wanting. 

Tlien  tliere  were  the  ships,  the  mercliants,  the  barques  and  l)rigs 
of  every  clime,  the  stately  Custom  House,  making  a  long  arm  of 
Derb}'  "Wharf  to  catch  and  treasure  all  the  products  of  the  world  ; 
the  magnificent  poor-house,  as  the  old  conundrum  had  it,  "just 
like  your  head  —  because  it  was  on  the  Neck";  the  real  home 
houses  of  the  citizens,  each  with  its  yard  and  garden,  where  better 
things  than  the  perishing  flowers  that  grew  there  were  planted  in 
the  young  folks  who  matle  those  flowers  their  care ;  and,  last  of 
many  graces,  there  was  the  beautiful  resting  place  of  the  dead, 
one  of  the  earliest  signs  of  the  high  level  to  which  christian 
civilization  was  advancing  in  the  new  world. 

It  is  not  surprising  that  a  cit}^  thus  open  to  communication  with 
foreign  countries  and  thus  supplied  with  the  apparatus  for  receiv- 
ing, preserving  and  transmitting  knowledge  from  generation  to 
generation  should  have  nurtured  thoughtful  people.  It  is  not 
surprising  that  she  should  have  come  early  to  broader  views  of 
religious  truth  and  more  comprehensive  schemes  of  christian 
activity  than  were  common  in  other  cities.  I  take  equal  pride  in 
the  thought  that  here  were  consecrated  the  first  missionaries,  and 
here  were  some  of  the  earliest  defenders  of  a  gospel  too  humane 
to  omit  one  of  God's  creatures  from  his  saving  purpose  and 
declared  power  in  Jesus  Christ,  his  Son. 

It  is  impossible  for  a  man  who  comes  in  contact  with  humanity 
in  many  nations,  and  finds  it  the  same  under  all  its  disguises  of 
color,  language  and  dress,  to  accept  any  plan  of  salvation,  which 
cannot  survey  be^'ond  his  native  city.  Every  seaboard  town  in 
active  communication  with  the  Indies,  or  the  Mediterranean,  is 
ahva3's  exposed  to  liberal  infection.  No  quarantine  can  keep  out 
the  heresy  that  man  is  man,  and  although  in  ignorance,  sin  or 
shame,  still  an  object  of  providential   love   and   care.     Thus  it 


108  EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL. 

happened  of  necessity  that  churches  of  humanity  were  formed  and 
maintained  in  this  cosmopolitan  city.  One  such  church  has  called 
us  together  to  celebrate  its  one-hundredth  birthda3\  We  have 
listened  to  its  record  of  service,  its  story  of  long-tried  fidelity  to 
truth  and  God's  humanity  under  the  guiding  inspiration  of  the 
christian  gospel.  In  every  street  of  this  cit}^,  homes  have  been 
visited  and  hallowed  by  its  sacred  ministries.  In  sickness  and  in 
health,  in  sorrow  and  in  joy,  this  church  has  been  the  faithful 
partner  of  the  homes  united  to  it.  Commerce  and  trade  have  felt 
its  call  to  honorable  dealing.  The  courts  of  justice  have  been 
more  just  for  its  maintenance  of  the  just  cause.  Corrupt  politics 
have  felt  the  lash  of  its  indignant  rebuke,  and  ancient  wrongs 
have  sought  in  the  grave  a  refuge  from  its  strong  attack.  Proud 
as  we  are  of  the  literary  renown  and  commercial  enterprise  that 
have  distinguished  our  native  city,  have  we  not,  in  the  memories 
that  throng  the  church  and  that  pursue  us  wherever  we  assemble 
on  this  day,  deeper  cause  for  devout  pride  and  thanksgiving  ?  For 
what  were  stores  of  knowledge  or  stars  of  genius  or  fires  of  enter- 
prise in  us  or  in  any  people,  unless  governed  by  religious  prin- 
ciples? What,  indeed,  but  the  material  for  ruin  to  their  possessor 
and  his  unfortunate  companions  !  Religion  gives  to  every  other 
gift  or  accomplishment  its  safe  direction.  Aiid  as  the  rocket 
sprinkles  the  sky  with  a  rain  of  innocent  splendor,  or  carries  fire 
and  destruction  over  the  earth,  according  to  its  pointing,  so  human 
talents  depend  upon  the  divine  hand  of  religion  to  uphold  and 
direct  them. 

But,  Mr.  President,  I  have  another  claim  upon  your  indulgence 
than  that  of  my  nativity  or  my  calling,  both  of  which,  as  you  see, 
I  am  not  slow  to  magnify'.  I  cannot  forget  that  I  am  the  minister 
of  a  church  which  had  attained  a  vigorous  majority  when  j^our 
church  was  in  its  cradle.  You  must  have  heard  of  its  old-time 
minister,  the  Rev.  Mather  Byles,  the  ministerial  wag  and  tory  of 
his  day.     I  take  no  stock  either  in  his  wit  or  his  treason,  for  both 


EXERCISES    AT    NOiniAL    HALL.  109 

of  which  he  got  his  duo  in  being  expelled  from  his  church.  But  I 
recall  a  story  of  him  which  ma}-  do  service  in  illustrating  my  final 
word  of  congratulation.  Dr.  B3-les  was  so  open  a  tory  that  he 
was  constantly  watched  l»y  a  guard,  who  used  to  walk  up  and 
down  in  front  of  his  house  to  see  that  no  mischief  went  in  or  out. 
The  doctor  playfully  called  the  guard  his  observe-a-tory.  One 
day  being  in  want  of  something  at  a  neighboring  store  (sermon- 
paper,  perhaps),  Dr.  Byles  persuaded  his  guard  to  do  the  errand 
for  him,  agreeing  to  take  his  place  during  his  absence.  So  the 
doctor  was  seen  walking  up  and  down  in  front  of  his  house,  with 
gun  a'shoulder,  keeping  watch  over  himself. 

I  used  to  fear,  Mr.  Presid'ent,  that  such  would  be  the  end  of  the 
liberal  church ;  every  minister  and  every  church  and  every  man 
with  gun  a'  shoulder,  keeping  watch  over  himself — the  last  result 
of  individual  isolation.  In  such  a  gathering  as  this,  how  vain  the 
fear  !  In  this  commemoration  of  a  hundred  years  of  work  well 
done,  Ave  give  a  pledge  of  s3-mpathy  in  the  work  of  the  future. 
A  hundred  years  to  come,  may  the  churches  that  stand  for  freedom 
in  the  choice  of  the  christian  religion  and  consecration  in  its  prac- 
tice make  one  brotherhood,  and  on  this  day,  1972,  may  they  meet 
to  repeat  this  festival  with  greater  fulness  and  even  grander  cheer 
than  have  been  ours  to-day  ! 

The  President  then  read  the  following  letter  from  The  Salem 
UxivERSALiST  SOCIETY,  as  showiug  the  sympath}^  which  persons  of 
different  denominations  feel  towards  each  other,  and  especially  as 
evincing  the  friendship  of  this  sister  church,  of  another  and  yet  a 
kindred  faith ;  that  church  being  represented  on  this  occasion  by 
its  pastor.  Rev.  E.  C.  Bolles. 


110  EXERCISES    AT   NOEMAL    HALL. 

Salem,  June  15,  1872. 
Francis  H.  Lee,  Esq., 

My  Dear  Sir : — In  parish  meeting,  held  June  10,  1872,  it  was 

Voted^   that    the    accompanying    letter    of    congratulation   be 

adopted,  and  that  a  copy  be  sent  by  the  clerk  of  the  First  Univer- 

salist  society,  to  the  secretary  of  the   committee  of  the  North 

Church  and  society,  for  their  centennial  celebration. 

Very  truly  yours,  T.  H.  Barnes,  Clerk. 

"to  the  north  church  and    society,  SALEM. 

Dear  Brethren:  —  We  have  learned  through  your  invitation 
to  our  pastor  that  you  are  to  observe  on  the  1 9th  of  July  next, 
the  centennial  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  your  society  and 
church.  We  would  not  lose  this  early  opportunity  of  conveying 
to  you  our  congratulations.  We  rejoice  that  you  have  thus  com- 
pleted a  century  of  church  life,  and  through  fathers  and  sons  have 
so  long  and  so  well  upheld  the  interests  of  liberal  religion  in  this 
community. 

It  is  a  matter  of  even  greater  pleasure  to  us  that  the  hundredth 
anniversary  finds  you  ready  and  in  earnest  to  add  another  chapter 
to  the  story  of  the  devotion  of  the  past. 

We  would  join  you,  therefore,  in  the  pleasant  thoughts  of  this 
memorial  day,  and  beg  you  to  remember  that  we  are  with  you  not 
only  by  the  bond  of  neighborhood  but  by  that  of  fraternity  as 
well." 

THE  PRESIDENT. 

I  regret  that  the  eloquent  pastor  of  this  church  extending  a 
kindly  hand  to  us  has  been  called  away.  I  should  have  urged  him 
to  remain  had  I  known  he  was  about  to  leave.  I  know  of  no 
better  service  I  can  perform  than  to  ask  another  son  of  Salem  to 
respond  for  the  Universalist  Church.  I  ask  the  Eev.  Mr.  White 
of  Keene,  N.  H. 


EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL    HALL.  Ill 

ADDRESS  OF  THE   REV.  WILLIAM  ORNE  WHITE. 

You  will  pardon  mc.  sir,  for  thinking  that  hero  is  an  excellent 
opportunity  for  me  to  act  upon  what  Rev.  Mr.  Chane}"^  has  just 
told  us  about  "Mather  Byles."  For,  at  this  late  hour,  what 
better  can  I  do,  than  in  emulation  of  that  ancient  worthy,  to 
"mount  guard  over  myself?" 

Having  had  no  premonition  of  the  sentiment  to  which  I  am 
expected  to  respond,  I  am,  nevertheless,  very  thankful  for  the 
privilege  of  saying,  that  in  my  own  immediate  neighborhood,  we 
Unitarians  and  Universalists  have  very  pleasant  fellowship,  one 
with  another.  Upon  the  shelves  of  our  Universalist  brethren, 
you  can  often  find  the  volumes  of  Channing  and  AVare  and  other 
leading  Unitarians,  side  by  side  with  those  among  their  own 
writers  who  are  closely  allied  to  us  in  liberal  thought,  and  in  great 
and  beneficen-t  work.  Let  us  all  unite  in  cordially  wishing  our 
Universalist  friends  increasing  success  in  the  neAV  century  of  effort 
upon  which  they  have  recently  entered. 

It  is  tantalizing  to  think,  sometimes,  how  near  you  come  to 
escaping  your  fate.  I  was  just  thinking,  as  3'ou  called  upon  me, 
sir,  that  two  minutes  more  from  each  of  these  excellent  gentlemen 
who  have  spoken,  and  it  would  have  been  out  of  the  question  for 
3'ou  to  have  called  upon  me  at  all,  without  drawing  unduly  upon 
the  next  century. 

Do  we  not  find,  in  the  absence  of  some  of  our  friends,  in  this 
intense  midsummer's  heat,  a  sad  warning  against  our  being  so 
prone  to  act  upon  the  familiar  saj'ing,  "It  will  be  all  the  same 
a  hundred  3'ears  hence?"  What  could  have  set  this  people  out  to 
form  their  church  on  the  nineteenth  of  July?  As  we  miss  familiar 
sous  of  Salem  who  are  in  their  "tent  on  the  beach,"  or  climbing 
the  mountains,  we  can  call  back,  across  the  cliffs  of  the  century, 
to  Thomas  Barnard  and  his  friends,  "It  was  not  all  the  same  a 
hundred  years  hence  ! "     Even  so  small  a  matter  as  fixing  the  day 


112  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

of  your  being  "set  off"  as  a  church  made  a  difference,  a  hundred 
years  afterwards,  in  our  celebration. 

I  feel  a  little  like  a  child,  as  well  as  a  guest,  of  the  North 
Church  to-day.  For  although  a  sou  of  the  old  "First  Church," 
with  which  my  maternal  ancestors  were  identifled,  I  can  recall 
with  much  pleasure  my  brief  connection  with  the  North  Church 
Sunday  School,  just  before  such  a  school  was  established  in  the 
parent  church.  How  much  grace  and  dignity  Hon.  Leverett 
Saltoustall  lent  to  it  as  its  revered  superintendent !  My  own 
teacher  was  that  excellent  man,  the  late  E.  K.  Lakeman,  whose 
genial  presence  and  kind  words  it  is  always  a  pleasure  to  recall. 

My  earliest  remembrance  of  h,nything  is  the  marriage  of  a 
beloved  relative,  at  which  Rev.  Dr.  Brazer  officiated,  when  I  was 
between  three  and  four  years  old.  How  gracious  was  his  way  of 
greeting  his  j^oung  friends  upon  the  street !  How  vividly  can 
we  recall  those  plaintive  cadences  which  gave  such  effect  to  his 
reading  of  the  one  verse  of  the  hymn !  Again  and  again,  upon 
his  exchanges  with  our  own  minister,  I  remember  the  fearful 
solemnity  which  marked  his  reading  of  the  words  : 

"And  now,  my  soul,  another  year 
Of  my  short  life  is  past; 
I  cannot  long  continue  here ; 
And  this  may  be  my  last." 

Of  Rev.  John  E.  Abbot,  the  most  distinct  impression  I  have 
received  was  from  the  faithful  friend  who  accompanied  him  in  his 
unavailing  journey  to  Havana,  and  who  said  of  him,  referring  to 
his  period  of  comparative  health,  "wherever  he  was,  whatever 
he  said,  even  though  he  were  chatting  cheerfull}^  with  j^ou  at  '  a 
party,'  he  ahvays  seemed  to  be  in  heaven." 

It  so  happens  that  Keene,  which  has  been  my  home  for  more 
than  twenty  years  past,  is  the  town  to  which  Rev.  Asa  Dunbar 
retired,  after  seeming  to  stand  as  a  stone  wall  between  tlie  elder 
Thomas  Barnard  and  his  son.     How  brief  was  his  term  of  service 


EXERCISES    AT   NORMAL   HALL.  113 

in  the  First  Church!  His  declining  health  soon  threw  him  into 
the  profession  of  the  law,  which  lie  honorably  pursued  for  a  few 
years  in  Keene,  and  then  died,  at  the  age  of  forty-two.  Had  he, 
or  his  past  friends  in  Salem,  foreseen  the  brief  and  chequered 
years  that  remained  to  him,  and  the  long  and  brave  career  of  the 
young  Barnard,  ma}'  we  not  feel  that  the  disruption  which  was 
occasioned  by  the  rivalry  of  these  men  and  their  friends  might 
have  been  prevented  ? 

But  in  that  case  where  should  we  have  been  to-day,  and  where 
my  opportunity  of  thanking  your  committee  for  their  kind  invita- 
tion, and  yourself,  sir,  for  the  privilege  of  expressing  the  pleasure 
which  I  feel  in  being  here? 

The  following  hymn  was  then  read  by  the  Rev.  George  Batch- 
ELOR,  of  the  Barton  Square  Church,  and  sung  by  the  company  : 

Great  God,  we  sing  tliat  mighty  hand 

By  which,  supported,  still  we  stand ; 
Tlie  opening  year  Tliy  mercy  shows ; 

That  mercy  crowns  it  till  it  close. 

With  grateful  hearts  the  past  ■we  own ; 

The  future,  all  to  us  unknown, 
We  to  Thy  guardian  care  commit, 

And,  peaceful,  leave  before  Thy  feet. 

In  scenes  exalted  or  depressed, 

Thou  art  our  joy,  and  Thou  our  rest ; 
Thy  goodness  all  our  hopes  shall  i-aise 

Adored  through  all  our  changing  days. 


114  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 

CONGRATULATORY   LETTERS. 

The  President  said  he  had  two  or  three  pleasant  letters,  indic- 
ative of  the  kind  feelings  which  old  friends  had  after  they  had 
left  the  city.     He  then  read  the  following : — 

York,  England,  June  21,  1872. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Willson:  —  Your  letter  reached  me  just  as  I  was 
leaving  London  for  a  short  tour  northward,  and  I  take  my  first 
leisure  to  thank  you  for  the  invitation  to  join  in  the  approaching 
centenary  of  the  "North  Society,"  Most  gladl}^  would  I,  if  I 
could,  leap  the  space  that  separates  Old  England  from  the  New, 
to  be  one  of  the  gathering  that  will  meet  to  renew  old  ties  and 
to  refresh  themselves  with  the  m.emories  that  hang  about  our  loved 
church. 

I  have  visited  during  the  week  one  of  the  colleges  in  Oxford 
that  had  just  celebrated,  two  days  before,  its  ten  hundreth  anni- 
versary. It  was  good  to  think  that,  amid  all  the  changes  and 
revolutions  of  those  thousand  years,  so  A-aluable  an  institution 
had  preserved  an  unbroken  life,  and  had  twined  about  itself  rich 
associations  with  every  portion  of  so  long  and  varied  a  history  ; 
and  I  was  glad  to  be  reminded  b}^  yoxir  letter  in  my  pocket  that, 
in  our  country  too,  there  are  some  among'the  best  institutions  we 
possess  which,  if  they  cannot  claim  so  great  antiquity  as  that,  are 
relatively  to  the  period  of  our  national  life  almost  as  old. 

Let  us  make  much  of  their  anniversaries  when  they  come  round, 
and  may  they  be  dearer  and  stronger  the  older  they  grovf . 

My  own  connection  with  the  society  covered  only  two  out  of  its 
one  hundred  years  ;  but  when  I  recall  the  rich  experiences  and  the 
consecrated  friendships  that  are  to  me  inseparably  associated  with 
the  church,  1  realize  the  more  how  much  that  is  precious  must  have 
accumulated  about  it  to  the  multitude  of  souls  it  has  welcomed 
and  nourished  during  all  the  hundred  years.     How  much  I  should 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL   HALL.  115 

like  to  look  in  upon  your  celebration.  I  should  meet  many  whose 
faces  and  forms  are  almost  the  same  as  when  they  greeted  me 
eighteen  3'ears  ago.  There  are  others  whom  I  knew  as  children 
and  who  are  grown  I  suppose  wholly  out  of  my  recognition  ;  but 
I  should  like  to  look  in  their  faces  and  take  them  b}'  the  hand  and 
see  how  far  the}-  have  realized  the  anticipations  I  used  to  like  to 
form  about  them  when  I  was  privileged  to  look  on  them  as 
members  of  my  flock. 

But  very  many  of  those  who  were  nearest  and  dearest  to  me 
during  ni}'  ministry  have  left  this  earth  and  will  not  be  with  j'ou — 
I  am  almost  startled  when  I  count  them  over  and  see  how  many 
they  are.  Inasmuch  as  I  am  forced  to  be  among  the  absent  ones 
I  take  a  kind  of  solemn  joy  in  thinking  in  what  a  company  I  am  ; 
for  whether  the  absence  is  occasioned  by  a  difierencc  of  continent 
or  by  difference  of  sphere  may  be  less  of  a  distinction  than  we  are 
apt  to  suppose.  I  think  it  would  be  hard  to  find  anywhere  in  the 
world  truer  exemplifications  of  the  christian  life  than  we  had 
among  those  dear  departed  ones,  whose  loveliness  and  unselfish 
devotion  to  duty  and  religious  fervor  give  noAV  an  odor  of 
sanctit}'  to  the  church  the}^  loved  so  well ;  and  what  a  testimony 
they  give  to  the  value  of  that  form  of  religious  faith  which  has 
borne  such  precious  fruit !  May  their  memory  stimulate  us  and 
make  us  strive  that  it  may  work  in  us  also  the  same  perfect 
work ! 

May  God  bless  j'ou  in  3-our  ministrj^,  and  bless  the  people  — 
who  in  every  true  church  are  ministers  too  —  and  may  you  and 
they  so  labor  together  as  to  help  on  the  kingdom  of  righteousness 
and  truth  and  love. 

I  am  ever  sincerely  3"ours, 

Charles  Lowe. 


116  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL. 


Portland,  Maine,  July  16,  1872. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Willson :  —  It  is  a  great  disappointment  to  me, 
that  I  shall  not  be  able  to  be  present  at  the  centennial  celebration 
of  the  North  Church.  I  should  not  allow  any  light  thing  to 
detain  me  from  it ;  for  I  would  not  willingly  neglect  so  filial  a 
duty ;  but  an  engagement  of  long  standing,  and  involving  the 
convenience  of  others  beside  myself,  takes  me  out  of  communi- 
cation with  Salem  for  a  week  to  come. 

I  trust  that  the  occasion  will  be  successful  in  renewing  the 
recollections  which  are  too  good  to  be  allowed  to  perish,  and  that 
the  elements  will  be  as  propitious  as  the  occasion,  that  the  ther- 
mometer may  not  see  fit  to  celebrate  the  centennial  by  itself  rising 
to  one  hundred  degrees. 

My  chief  contribution,  if  I  could  be  as  present  as  I  am  in 
desire,  would  be  an  interest  loyal  to  the  old  church.  My  mem- 
ories of  its  history  go  too  little  way  back,  and  are  too  largely 
personal  to  be  of  value  to  others,  though  to  myself  they  are  a 
part  of  the  most  precious  things  in  my  life  ;  and  yet,  though  one 
of  its  younger  children,  I  can  touch  directly  or  indirectly  along 
the  whole  span  of  its  century's  life.  The  church  was  founded  in 
the  dark  days  just  before  the  Revolution,  —  an  act  of  faith  not  the 
least  memorable  among  the  many  historical  events  in  the  history 
of  Salem.  It  is  ninety-seven  j-ears  since  some  of  the  parishioners 
of  one  of  my  predecessors  at  King's  Chapel  came  down  to  Salem 
in  their  red  coats  seeking  powder,  and  found  Mr.  Barnard 
standing  at  the  old  North  Bridge.  The  clerical  dress  and  manner 
of  that  noteworthy  figure  anaong  the  worthies  of  the  old  town,  were 
a  tradition  still,  —  the  beautiful  youth  of  Abbot,  all  fragrant  with 
piety,  was  an  inspiring  memory  not  yet  dim,  twenty-five  years  ago. 

Dr.  Brazer's  kind,  scholarly  presence  I  well  remember,  and  have 
to  confess  that  one  of  my  earliest  impressions  of  him  is  as 
standing  at  the  door  of  the  pew  where  I  was  just  emerging  from  a 


EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL.  117 

sound  sleep,  and  STniling  benigniintly  on  his  small  parishioner  who 
did  not  then  dream  of  one  day  himself  exercising  a  soporific  influ- 
ence on  future  hearers. 

The  old  church  I  never  knew  except  in  its  degradations  when 
painted  carpets  hung  up  to  dr}^,  where  the  fathers  and  mothers  in 
that  Israel  used  to  come  up  to  their  holy  place  ;  but  the  present 
church,  if  1  can  judge  others  b}-  myself,  must  be  to  many  who 
have  gone  forth  to  the  ends  of  the  earth,  as  stately  and  venerable 
as  any  cathedral,  with  its  gray  tower  and  green-mantled  walls. 

The  North  Church  has  had  a  succession  of  men  of  rare  and 
various  gifts  in  its  ministry.  For  many  of  its  children,  the  voices 
of  its  living  ministers,  present  and  past,  are  mingled  in  the  best 
things  which  we  have  in  this  world  to  remember  ;  j'et  the  best 
things  which  that  pulpit  said  to  me  in  the  forming  3'ears  of  life 
could  not  si)eak  more  eloquently  than  it  used  to  speak  b3'  its 
silence.  That  mahogany  tower  whose  beaut}-  seemed  to  surpass 
any  other  carven  work  spoke  as  a  symbol,  and  the  best  testimony 
of  the  church  was  the  testimony  of  the  undying  words  of  the 
New  Testament  which  it  has  written  above  its  preacher's  head  as 
the  law  of  his  utterance  and  the  pledge  of  its  own  faith  and 
fidelity. 

Much  has  changed  in  the  hundred  years,  but  the  freshness  and 
truth  of  those  words,  and  of  the  gospel  whence  they  are  drawn, 
have  surely  gained  b}'  the  testimony  of  a  century's  added  life. 

The  christian  lives  that  have  been  lived,  loving,  helpful  and 
strong,  in  the  North  Church,  and  the  faith  that  has  been  nourished 
there,  are  evidences  not  to  be  gainsaid,  that  the  Christianity  which 
the  church  was  instituted  to  teach  is  real,  and  that  the  substance 
of  its  fi^ith  is  fact  and  truth.  Shall  we  not  also  take  them  as 
promises  that  the  old  church  will  still  have  work  to  do  and  will  do 
it,  in  the  j-ears  to  come,  for  God  and  for  Jesus  Christ,  reconciling 
the  old  truth  with  the  new  vision  ? 

Yours  faithfully,  IIknky  W.  Foote. 


118  EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL. 

Jamaica  Plain,  July  18,  1872. 
George  B.  Loring,  Esq. 

3Iy  Dear  Sir : — I  have  delayed  answering  your  kind  invitation 
to  join  the  North  society  in  celebrating  the  one  hundredth  anni- 
versary of  its  organization  till  now,  in  the  hope  that  I  might  find 
myself  able  to  accept  it.  But  as  the  day  is  at  hand  and  the  in- 
tense heat  continues,  I  am  compelled  at  the  last  moment  to 
acknowledge  the  honor  of  the  invitation  with  gratitude  and  to 
decline  it  with  great  regret.  Believe  me,  I  should  greatly  enjoy 
being  with  you.  My  associations  with  the  North  society  are  all 
interesting  and  agreeable, —  extremely  so.  My  acquaintance  with 
it  covers  more  than  a  third  of  its  entire  history.  Forty  j'ears  ago, 
when  I  became  minister  of  the  church  in  Barton  Square,  the  North 
society  contained  in  its  membership  as  noble  a  list  of  men  and 
women,  adorning  their  positions  and  illuminating  the  spheres  of 
their  various  activity,  as  any  parish  in  the  commonwealth  could 
then  boast.  I  recall  their  presence  to-day,  as  your  preacher  will 
do  to-morrow,  with  equal  reverence  and  affection.  I  remember, 
with  a  heart  which  yearns  towards  them  across  the  interval  of 
years  that  separates  us,  the  most  gracious  cordiality  with  which 
they  received  me,  a  mere  youth,  to  their  refined  and  charming 
homes.  I  can  never  forget  the  amiable  and  courtly  Col.  Benjamin 
Pickman,  at  whose  table  I  was  a  frequent  guest ;  nor  his  exceed- 
ingly modest  but  highly  cultivated  brother  and  sister,  William  and 
Rawlins  who,  in  their  tastes  and  studies,  impersonated  the  best 
genius  of  literature,  and  in  their  character  the  simplicity,  sincerity 
and  charity  of  the  gospel  of  Christ.  Who  that  knew  him  will  ever 
forget  the  commanding  figure  and  the  massive  intellect  of  Dudley 
Pickman,  or  his  fine  powers  of  conversation  ?  The  meek  and  difl3- 
dent  Frederick  Howes  rises  into  this  group,  a  studious  man  of  rare 
attainments,  matched,  perhaps,  by  no  other  in  the  society  unless, 
perchance,  by  a  lady  of  his  own  family.     There  is  another  name 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  119 

which  v:\\\  not  fail  to  be  remeinbercd  witli  tenderest  interest  on  the 
occasion  ;  and  I  could  form  no  bettor  aspiration  for  your  proceed- 
ings than  that  they  might  be  animated  by  the  spirit  of  that  grand- 
est of  men  and  best  of  Christians,  Leverett  Saltonstall. 

But  1  am  sorry  I  began  to  refer  to  names  because  the  list  is  so 
long,  and  so  many  in  the  same  and  in  less  conspicuous  walks  rush 
to  my  attention  only  to  be  passed  by.  Besides  the  Peabodjs  who 
will  be  fitly  commemorated,  there  is  one  most  friendly  face  which 
I  love  to  recall, —  that  of  a  neighbor  who  I  suppose  never  had  a 
christian  name,  and  in  respect  to  whom  we  were  always  violating 
the  injunction,  "  Call  no  man  master,"  for  we  never  called  him 
an3'thing  else  but  "  Master  Cole."  At  the  remembrance  of  these 
persons  and  their  families  and  of  so  many  others  equally  worthy, 
all  the  venerations  of  my  heart  leap  up  and  mingle  with  those 
which  I  bear  towards  so  great  a  number  in  all  the  parishes  of  your 
good  city,  my  long-time  and  most  pleasant  home. 

Please  give  the  hearty  love  of  their  old  friend  to  the  North 
society  assembled  to-morrow,  and  believe  me, 

With  sincere  regard,  yours  very  truly, 

James  W.  Thompson. 

Providence,  July  3,  1872. 
Francis  II.  Lee,  Esq. 

Dear  Sir : — I  deepl}'  regret  that  I  cannot  accept  j'our  friendl}' 
invitation  to  attend  "  a  celebration  of  the  centennial  anniversar}- 
of  the  founding  of  the  North  Church  and  Society  in  Salem,"  to 
take  place  on  Friday,  the  19th  inst. ;  but  the  semi-centennial  an- 
niversary of  the  founding  of  the  Rhode  Island  Historical  Society, 
of  which  I  have  been  twent3'-two  years  librarian,  occurring  on  the 
same  daj',  I  cannot,  as  a  member  of  the  committee  of  arrange- 
ments, with  propriety,  absent  myself  on  that  occasion. 

Your  note  of  invitation  revived  pleasant  memories  of  the  years 
of  my  ministry  in  Beverly  and  of  the  fraternal  intercourse  I  held 


120  EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL. 

with  the  clergy  of  your  city  and  vicinity.  The  Ministerial  Asso- 
ciation which  embraced  the  names  of  the  venerable  Dr.  Prince,  of 
Brazer,  Flint,  Thompson  and  Upham,  of  Salem  ;  Thayer  of  Beverly  ; 
Sewall  and  Bigelow,  of  Danvers  ;  Robbius,  Pierpont  and  Swett, 
of  Lynn  ;  and  Hamilton  and  Waite  of  Gloucester,  combined  in  no 
common  degree,  high  scholarship,  devoutness  and  geniality.  Cer- 
tainly, I  have  never  known  a  body  of  men  in  which  the  spirit  of 
brotherhood  was  more  strongly  developed,  or  who  were  more 
devoted  to  the  work  of  their  profession. 

The  mention  of  these  and  other  names  awakens  many  recollec- 
tions of  men  and  events  in  3'our  goodly  city  of  Avhich  I  ma}^  not 
here  speak.  And  while,  in  conclusion,  I  rejoice  with  you  in  the 
honorable  record  of  a  century  of  your  society's  life,  accept  assur- 
ances of  my  best  wishes  for  its  future,  and  my  earnest  prayer 
that  its  prosperity  may  be  perpetuated  until  the  church  on  earth 
shall  be  merged  in  the  church  of  the  first  born  in  heaven. 

Very  sincerely  yours, 

Edwin  M.  Stone. 

Mr.  Willson  next  read  extracts  from  a  letter  from  S.  Endicott 
Peabody,  Esq.,  who  removed  a  little  more  than  a  year  ago  from 
Salem  to  London,  England,  prefacing  the  reading  by  a  grateful 
mention  of  the  deep  interest  which  the  writer  had  alwaj's  shown 
in  the  welfare  of  the  society,  and  the  valuable  services  he  had 
rendered  in  the  Sunday  School,  and  in  other  positions.  The  letter 
had  not  been  written  for  public  use,  but  it  might  be  presumed  that 
the  writer  would  not  object  to  the  introduction  of  a  few  sentences 
as  a  greeting  from  an  old  friend  with  whom  the  society  had  parted 
most  reluctantly.  Mr.  Willson  also  observed  that  the  letter  con- 
tained substantial  pecuniary  aid  towards  the  expenses  of  this  cele- 
bration of  the  societ^^'s  one  hundredth  anniversary. 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  121 

22  Old  Broad  Street, 

London,  June  18,  1872. 
Mil  Dear  Mr.  Willson: — Your  friendly  note  just  received  re- 
minds me  most  pleasantly  of  the  day  of  jubilee  which  is  at  hand 
for  the  old  North  Church,  with  which  for  four  generations  my 
family  have  been  identified.  .  .  .  Whether  it  will  ever  be  my 
good  fortune  to  be  again  an  active  member  of  the  good  old  con- 
gregation I  cannot  know,  but  I  never  enter  a  church  on  Sunday 
without  seeing  before  me,  not  only  the  familiar  walls  of  the  "  Old 
North,"  but  all  the  forms  and  faces  of  those  whom  I  have  known 
with  various  degrees  of  intimacy  from  earliest  childhood  to  a  very 

mature  manhood 

"With  the  sincere  hope  that  the  celebration  may  pass  off  most 
agreeably  to  all  who  will  have  the  happiness  to  participate  in  it, 
I  remain,  cordiall}'  and  gratefully  yours, 

S.  E.  Peabodt. 

THE  PRESIDENT. 

I  now  desire  to  introduce  to  you  a  venerable  son  of  Salem,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Hodges. 

ADDRESS  OF  THE  REV.  R.  M.  HODGES. 

I  esteem  it  a  privilege  to  be  present  on  this  memorial  occasion. 
Let  me  pay  a  tribute  of  gratitude  to  the  Author  and  Preserver  of 
my  life,  for  the  kind  providence  which  has  upheld  and  blessed  me 
in  being  even  unto  this  hour. 

Mr.  Chairman,  I  regard  it  as  a  special  favor  to  be  invited  to 
contribute,  in  ever  so  humble  degree,  to  the  grateful  emotions  of 
this  festival.  I  am  not,  as  3'ou  are  aware,  a  member  of  this  family 
in  the  great  communion  of  Christians,  but  at  an  interesting  period 
of  my  life,  my  best  affections  were  strongly  attached  to  the  minis- 
tering servants,  and  to  the  public  ministrations  of  the  church  which 
8 


122  EXERCISES    AT    NORMAL    HALL. 

was  here  gathered  one  hundred  years  ago  to-day.  My  recollections 
of  Dr.  Barnard  bring  with  them,  sentiments  of  reverence,  of  grat- 
itude and  love.  He  did  a  favor  for  me  which  makes  his  memory 
dear  to  me.  lie  was  a  venerable  man  and  the  dignity  and  urbanity 
that  distinguished  his  demeanor  sat  gracefully  upon  him,  for  they 
were  the  heritage  of  a  succession  of  worthy  progenitors. 

Of  the  saintly  Abbot,  I  have  no  words  in  which  to  clothe  my 
conception  of  his  pure  and  devout  character.  It  was  ni}^  privilege 
for  about  a  year  to  be  his  pupil  in  theological  studies  and  christian 
training.  His  teachings  and  his  example  I  regard  as  legacies 
that  will  never  lose  their  value,  and  which  are  presented  in  a 
revived  light  and  with  renewed  emphasis  by  the  observances  of 
this  day. 

Though  debarred  the  honor  of  being  affiliated  to  the  North 
Church,  I  may  claim  with  satisfaction  the  prerogative  of  being  a 
son  of  Salem.  The  place  of  one's  nativity,  in  these  latter  days, 
has  come  to  be  regarded  as  not  an  immaterial  point  in  the  history 
of  one's  life.  It  has  recently  been  declared,  in  the  interest  of  no 
inconsiderable  authority,  that  if  one  were  not  born  in  Boston,  it 
had  been  better  that  he  was  not  born  at  all.  This  is  an  unpleasant 
dilemma,  to  say  the  least,  for  a  majorit}-  of  mortality  to  be  placed 
in.  Although  subject  to  the  bereavement  of -this  declaration, 
having  first  breathed  the  air  of  Salem,  I  do  not  consider  myself  as 
altogether  out  of  the  pale  of  humanity,  inasmuch  as  my  better 
half  was  born  in  the  specially  favored  citj' ,  and  to  that  circum- 
stance and  the  basis  of  it,  I  am  ready  mainty  to  attribute  the  hap- 
piness that  has  crowned  my  days. 

I  am  glad,  Mr.  Chairman,  that  I  am  alive  to-day,  if  it  be  only  a 
moiety  of  existence,  that  I  iway  speak  in  honor  of  the  place  that 
gave  me  birth.  The  merchants  of  olden  time,  the  Grays,  the 
Peabodys,  the  Crowninshields  pass  in  review  before  me,  reminding 
me  of  magnanimous  thoughts  and  generous  deeds.  The  physicians 
of  former  days,  the  venerable  Ilolyoke,  venerable  for  years,  the 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL.  123 

unequivocal  Treadwell,  firm  and  decided,  the  imperturbable  Oliver, 
calm  and  unimpassioned,  are  still  held  in  grateful  remembrance 
for  the  confidence  Nvhicli  tlicir  .sl<ill  inspired,  and  for  the  ability 
which  their  sympathetic  affections  gave  to  bear,  with  fortitude 
and  patience,  sufiering  and  disease.  And  then,  the  Storys,  the 
Saltonstalls  and  the  Kings,  have  they  not  imprinted  their  names 
on  the  jurisprudence  of  the  commonwealth  in  ineffaceable  char- 
acters? The  servants  of  Christ  and  preachers  of  his  gospel, 
Prince,  Bentley  and  Barnard,  Worcester,  Hopkins  and  Emerson, 
Emerson  still  living  and  reverently  alive  in  all  true  hearts,  and 
Bowles,  Ballon  and  Turner,  Fisher  and  Griswold,  have  they  not 
all  been  more  worth}'  of  their  high  calling,  and  have  not  their 
words  and  deeds  given  purit}^  and  dignity  to  the  records  of  eccle- 
siastical history  ? 

Other  names,  in  other  walks  of  life,  I  am  aware,  are  worthy  of 
respectful  notice  on  this  occasion.  Tlie  names  of  Bowditch  and 
of  Pickering  cany  with  them  their  own  eulogy.  But  there  are 
two  gentlemen,  both  of  them  members  of  the  church  in  whose 
honor  we  are  assembled  to-day,  whom  I  would  not  fail  to  pass 
unnoticed.  They  are  Thomas  Cole  and  Jacob  Newman  Ivnapp, 
both  of  them  holding  high  places  in  the  now  distinguished  office 
of  guiding  and  disciplining  the  intellectual  powers  of  the  young. 
I  doubt  if  any  man  in  any  community  ever  left  a  more  desirable 
or  a  more  useful  impression  upon  the  minds  of  so  many  3'oung 
ladies,  as  did  the  genial  and  kind-hearted  teacher  of  the  school  in 
Federal  street,  near  the  Tabernacle  Church. 

Of  Mr.  Knapp,  although  I  was  not  one  of  his  i^upils,  I  am  not . 
afraid  to  speak  words  too  strongly  eulogistic,  lie  was  a  repre- 
sentative man.  lie  felt  deeply  all  beneficent  interests,  and  exerted 
himself  to  advance  them  in  honor.  Wherever  he  went,  he  carried 
with  him  a  salutary'  influence.  When  j'ou  were  in  his  presence, 
you  felt  that  you  were  in  the  presence  of  a  friend,  an  earnest 
friend  to  the  advancement  in  power  of  humanity.     Educated  to 


124  EXERCISES   AT   NORMAI,   HALL. 

be  a  minister  of  the  gospel,  without  any  affectation,  in  his  inter- 
course in  society  he  exerted  a  beautiful  and  beneficial  influence. 
I  have  always  classed  him  with  the  sainted  John  Emery  Abbot. 
It  is  such  men  whose  memory  gives  dignity  and  grace  not  only  to 
this  occasion,  but  to  every  occasion  that  confers  honor  on  humanity. 

Mr.  Chairman,  music  is  regarded  as  a  great  moral  force.  It 
quells  the  stormy  passions.  It  gives  peace  to  the  troubled  mind. 
It  is  the  handmaid  of  devotion,  preceding  and  following  it  with 
the  most  grateful  effect. 

May  I  not  claim  for  Christianity  that  it  is  not  only  an  exponent 
for  love,  but  that  it  instigates  it.  This  occasion,  which  in  its 
primal  meaning  is  in  honor  of  Christianity,  ought  to  be  dedicated 
to  the  highest  power  of  Christianity.  If  Christianity  is  a  moral 
power,  creates  love,  it  ought  not  to  be  held  subordinate  to  any 
other  power,  for  where  love  is,  there  is  peace. 

Let  me  close  with  one  word  in  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Dr. 
Ichabod  Nichols.  He  was  an  eminent  son  of  this  society.  He 
was  preeminently  a  scholar.  He  was  conscientious  in  the  use  and 
improvement  of  his  powers  and  affections.  I  have  never  known  a 
man  who  labored  so  assiduously  in  the  intricate  recesses  of  the 
works  and  words  of  God.  The  truth  was  to  him  the  supreme 
good,  the  most  valuable  of  all  possessions.  His  "  Hours  with  the 
Evangelists  "  is  a  work  of  consummate  power.  It  shows  with  whom 
he  delighted  to  hold  communion.  Any  communit}^  any  individual, 
may  well  be  proud  of  holding  relationship  to  such  a  man. 

I  have  not  said  a  word  with  reference  to  our  peculiar  form  of 
religion.  I  believe  it  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  teachings  of  the 
evangelical  scriptures.  After  a  brief  life  of  study,  a  life  some- 
what protracted,  I  am  willing  to  leave  it  as  my  testimony,  that 
the  interpretation  of  the  word  of  God,  which  Dr.  Channing  has 
left  on  record,  is  the  true  interpretation  ;  not  on  the  authority  of 
Dr.  Channing,  but  on  the  authority  of  the  Holy  Spirit. 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL   HALL.  125 

THE  PRESIDENT. 

I  am  reminded  of  the  educational  interest  of  our  community, 
of  the  hospitality  of  those  who  are  interested  in  this  institution ; 
and  I  am  further  reminded  that  we  have  been  cordially  met  on 
this  occasion  by  the  Episcopalian  denomination  of  this  place.  I 
call  upon  Mr.  D.  B.  Hagar,  the  teacher  of  this  school  and  a  rep- 
resentative of  the  Episcopalian  faith,  to  make  some  remarks. 

ADDRESS   OF    MR.  D.  B.  HAGAR. 

Mr.  Chairman: — You  have  taken  me  so  completel}'-  by  surprise 
that  I  scarcely'  know  how  to  begin,  and  I  fear  you  will  think  I 
scarcely  know  how  to  leave  off.  The  scene  before  us  is  a  very 
strange  one  in  this  place.  I  am  accustomed  to  command  here,  to 
ask  questions,  to  examine  and  to  endeavor  to  convert  those  who 
come  here  to  what  I  consider  ways  of  truth.  I  think  the  object 
would  be  altogether  too  large  to  undertake  to  convert  this  present 
assemblage  to  my  views,  and  it  might  not  prove  very  successful. 
I  might  possibly  run  through  the  church  catechism,  but  I  fear 
there  would  be  a  great  many  mistakes.  Therefore  I  shall  attempt 
nothing  of  the  kind.  It  has  been  a  great  pleasure  to  me  to  be 
able  to  contribute  in  any  way  to  the  pleasures  of  this  occasion,  and 
I  was  very  happy  indeed  to  use  my  influence  to  secure  for  your 
use  the  hall  in  which  we  are  now  assembled.  I  endorse  with  all 
m}'  heart  one  of  the  leading  doctrines  of  your  denomination,  and 
that  is,  the  right  to  liberty  of  thought.  I  believe  it  is  not  only  a 
person's  right,  but  I  think  it  should  be  deemed  by  him  to  be  both 
a  privilege  and  a  pleasure  to  think  for  himself  and  at  the  same 
time  to  respect  the  opinions  of  other  people.  It  has  been  my 
good  fortune  to  be  associated  with  members  of  the  Unitarian 
denomination  ;  for  many  years  some  of  my  most  warm  and  confi- 
dential friends  have  been  among  the  clergy  and  laity  of  the  Unita- 
rian church.    We  have  lived  together  without  fighting  one  another ; 


126  EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

we  have  lived  very  happily  indeed.  And  I  esteem  it  a  very  great 
privilege,  and  it  has  been  a  source  of  profit  to  me,  that  I  have 
been  enabled  to  associate  with  those  who  hold  difiereut  views,  so 
different  from  those  which  I  hold  m^^self.  I  simply  wish  to 
express  the  gratification  I  have  felt  in  listening  to  what  has  been 
said,  and  I  can  only  wish  great  prosperity  to  those  engaged  in 
doing  what  they  honestly  believe  to  be  good  and  right. 

THE     PRESIDENT. 

I  had  almost  entirely  forgotten  an  important  part  of  the  old 
North  Church,  the  laity,  the  pillars  on  which  the  clergj^  lean.  I 
introduce  to  you  the  Hon.  Caleb  Foote. 

ADDRESS    OF .  THE    HON.   CALEB    FOOTE. 

Mr.  Chairman  : —  You  well  know  that  I  am  entirely  unprepared 
for  this  call.  If  I  were  as  felicitous  and  ready  in  eloquence  as 
the  chairman  of  the  day  I  should  be  proud  and  glad  of  the  oppor- 
tunity'. As  it  is  I  can  only  borrow  at  second  hand  or  third  hand 
the  quotation  from  Mr.  Hale,  and  say  that  "  so  much  has  been 
said,"  etc.  I  shall  therefore  only  propose  a  couple  of  votes  of 
thanks.  I  wish  to  ask  you,  the  members  of  the  congregation  here 
present,  to  pass  such  a  vote  to  our  beloved  pastor -for  the  extremely 
beautiful,  interesting  and  valuable  discom'se  which  he  gave  to  us 
this  forenoon.  If  it  is  your  pleasure  to  pass  such  a  vote  please 
express  it  in  the  usual  manner.  [The  motion  was  unanimously 
carried.]  I  also  wish  to  propose  a  vote  of  thanks  to  the  gentle- 
man who  has  so  acceptably,  so  eloquently,  so  readily  and  appro- 
priately conducted  the  services  of  this  afternoon,  for  which  I 
think  we  are  under  great  obligations  to  him.  If  3'ou  unite  in  the 
sentiment  with  me  you  will  please  so  express  it.  [This  motion 
was  also  carried,  nem.  con.']  And  so,  Mr.  Chairman,  the  pleas- 
ant duty  which  I  assumed,  in  lieu  of  a  speech  which  would  have 
been  unseasonable  at  this  late  hour,  is  satisfactorily  concluded. 


EXERCISES   AT   NORMAL    HALL.  127 

Mr.  Willson  said  :  I  do  not  propose  to  speak  of  the  questionable 
advantage  just  taken  of  me,  and  whicli  calls  me  to  m}'  feet.  [Mr. 
AV.  liaving  just  been  conspiring  \vitli  Mr.  Foote  to  l)ring  on  a  vote 
of  thanks  to  the  Chairman,  bat  finding  himself  somewhat  astonished 
at  the  nnexpectedl}'  wide  scope  of  the  latter  gentleman's  motions.] 
But  being  up,  I  am  glad  of  the  opportunity  which  you  have  given 
me  to  say  a  word  in  explanation  of  the  absence  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Frothingham  from  our  festivities  to-day.  He  was  expected  to  be 
present  until  a  very  late  daj^,  and  to  me  it  is  a  matter  of  sincere 
regret,  in  common  with  all  his  many  friends,  that  he  is  not  here. 
He  promptly  accepted  the  invitation  of  the  committee  to  meet  us, 
but  a  few  daj'S  since  sent  a  note  saving  that  he  was  on  the  point  of 
leaving  New  York  to  journey  in  the  direction  opposite  to  Salem, 
and  that  it  was  doubtful  if  he  would  be  able  to  return  to  attend 
these  commemorative  exercises.* 

I  desire  to  express  to  3'ou,  my  friends,  before  I  sit  down,  some- 
thing of  the  gratitude  which  I  feel,  but  which  I  cannot  fulh'  express, 
for  the  extreme  kindness  with  which  j'ou  have  received  me  more 
than  once  to-daj^,  and  which  is  indeed  a  kindness  which  j'ou  have 
never,  on  this  day,  or  an}-  other,  withheld  from  me.  For  these 
thirteen  5'ears — years  marked  indelibl^^  by  changes  in  man}''  of 
your  households,  b}'  no  little  change  in  j'ou  and  me,  and  bj' 
changes  memorable  indeed  and  eventful  to  the  country  we  love  — 
for  these  thirteen  years  I  have  tested  j-our  friendship,  to  find  it 
forbearing,  steadfast   and   true ;    and   it  is  my  great   happiness 

*The  absence  of  Mr.  Frothingham  on  this  occasion  caused  much  disaijpointment. 
It  left  a  gap  in  the  pastoral  i-cminiscenccs  of  many  of  the  middle-aged  members  of  the 
eocietj-  which  was  seriousl}'  felt.  His  ministry  covered  a  period  of  intense  tliought  and 
radical  inquiry  upon  religious  questions  in  whicli  he  took  a  leader's  part,  aud  of  which 
the  influence  will  long  be  seen. 

I  take  the  liberty  to  introduce  here  a  portion  of  a  private  note  received  from  Mr. 
Frothingham  since  the  day  of  centennial  commemoration:  "I  was  very  sorry  to  bo 
absent  from  your  fine  occasion  in  July.  But  the  journey  from  Sharon  Springs  in  the 
hot  weather,  on  purpose  for  that  alone,  was  more  than  I  could  face.  I  ought  to  have 
written  you  a  letter  to  be  read,  and  a  sentiment  too;  «nhai)pily.  the  tliouglit  did  not 
occur  to  me  till  a  few  hours  after  the  time  of  grace  had  gone  by.  The  day  seemed 
to  spring  upon  me  unawares.  Friends  spoke  of  the  occasion  to  mc  afterwards  in  terms 
of  great  satisfaction,  making  mc  sensible  that  I  was  the  loser  by  not  being  there." 


128  EXEECISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL. 

at  this  moment  to  believe  that  I  have  had  your  confidence,  all  the 
way  ;  not  the  less  that  you  may  not  always  have  given  consent 
to  my  opinions,  or  even  agreed  with  me  as  to  the  line  of  duty. 
And  now,  congratulating  myself,  that  it  is  my  exceedmg  good 
fortune  to  come  in  the  right  place,  in  your  line  of  ministers,  to 
enjoy  the  honors  and  satisfactions  of  this  day,  I  give  place  to 
the  Chairman  from  whom  you  are  waiting  to  hear. 


RESPONSE    OF    THE    PEESIDENT. 

It  gives  me  great  pleasure,  my  friends,  to  be  here  on  this  occa- 
sion. I  certainly  am  very  grateful  to  you  for  the  kind  manner 
in  which  you  have  received  my  name.  I  am  not  accustomed  to 
speak  on  occasions  like  this,  and  if  I  have  conducted  myself  in  a 
way  that  has  been  satisfactory  to  you,  I  shall  consider  it  to  be 
entirely  owing  to  the  inspiration  of  the  admirable  sermon  to  which 
we  listened  this  morning.  I  have  had  excellent  support  on  every 
hand,  and  I  assure  you  that  the  occasion  has  been  to  me  of  the 
deepest  and  most  profound  interest,  recalling  as  it  has  to  my  mind 
all  the  associations  of  my  childhood  and  youth,  bringing  before 
me  continually  the  faces  of  those  who  imparted  to  me  good  coun- 
sels and  religious  instruction  in  the  commencement  of  my  life. 
No  man  can  tell  until  he  has  passed  through  some  form  of  trial 
and  suffering  the  value  of  those  early  principles  taught  him  by  his 
parents.  Then  it  is  that  the  religious  faith  of  his  fathers  becomes 
to  him  of  inestimable  value,  and  then  it  is  that  he  learns  to  love 
those  in  whose  care  and  keeping  he  is  accustomed  to  repose  his 
religious  faith.  I  am  gratified  that  I  have  lived  to  see  this  occa- 
sion, and  that  you  bestowed  upon  me  the  privilege  of  presiding 
here.  I  am  sure  that  one  of  the  privileges  of  my  life  will  be  that 
my  name  will  pass  down  with  others  in  this  church  as  one  of 
those  who  aided,  in  a  small  measure,  the  faith,  the  fidelit}^,  the 
honesty,  and   the  religious   fervor  of  our  ancestors.      Now,  my 


EXERCISES  AT  NORMAL  HALL.  129 

friends,  I  will  call  upon  you  to  join  in  singing  the  doxology,  and 
that  will  close  the  services  of  this  occasion. 

DOXOLOGY. 

Old  Uundred. 

From  all  that  dwell  below  the  skies, 

Let  the  Creator's  praise  arise ; 
Let  the  Redeemer's  name  be  sung 

Through  every  land,  by  every  tongue. 

Eternal  are  Thy  mercies,  Lord ; 

Eternal  truth  attends  Thy  word ; 
Thy  praise  shall  sound  from  shore  to  shore, 

Till  suns  shall  rise  and  set  no  more. 

BENEDICTION. 


SOME  MEMORANDA 

OF  THE 

CHOIR  OF  THE  NORTH  CHURCH  OP  SALEM; 

Its  JNIembers,  Organs,  Hymn  Books  and  Music. 

BT 

HENRY    K.     OLIVER. 

(131) 


SOME  MEMORANDA  OF  THE  CHOIR. 


Upon  matters  connected  with  the  musical  department  of  the 
parish,  the  records  are  meagre,  nothing  being  found  therein  till 
1795,  twenty-three  years  after  the  organization  of  the  society. 
Under  date  of  Dec.  17,  1795,  a  vote  was  passed  at  a  meeting  of 
the  "Committee  of  the  proprietors  of  the  North  Meeting  House," 
held  at  the  house  of  Joseph  Hiller,  Esq.,  E.  A.  Holyoke  being 
moderator,  "  that  sixty  dollars  be  appropriated  for  the  purpose  of 
instructing  j'oung  persons  belonging  to  our  society  in  the  art  of 
psalmody."  A  Committee  of  three,  Benjamin  Pickman,  Esq., 
Deacon  Samuel  Holman  and  Henry  Rust,  was  chosen  to  carry  this 
vote  into  effect. 

By  vote  of  the  proprietors,  Jan.  7  and  8,  1798,  Dr.  Barnard  was 
requested  "to  improve  [make  use  of]  Dr.  Watts'  Fsalms  and 
Hymns  in  the  public  worship,  together  with  Tate  and  Bvad^^'s 
[which  was  then  in  use]  if  the  same  be  agreeable  to  him  and  the 
church." 

The  church,  acting  thereon, 

Voted,  "  That  for  the  future  this  church  will  make  use  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Belknap's  collection  of  Hymns  in  our  public  worship, 
in  the  stead  of  that  collection  we  have  hitherto  emploj'ed,  .... 
provided  this  alteration  shall  be  agreeablo  to  the  proprietors." 

The  Church  were  willing  to  change,  but  preferred  Belknap  to 
"Watts,  and  apparently  also  differed  from  the  proprietors  in  not 
wishing  to  retain  Tate  and  Brady. 

Note.  — By  record  of  April  14, 179G.  Messrs.  Xorthey  and  Rust  were  a  committee 
to  see  to  repairs  of  the  bell  "  lately  broken."  A  new  bell,  weighing  1,000  pounds,  was 
afterwards  procured  "  by  subscription."  Its  note  is  B,  middle  line  of  Treble  Clef. 
It  was  cast  in  England,  and  by  vote  of  the  committee  was  to  be  placed  "  on  the  top 
of  the  tower."  apparently  in  a  cupola  erected  on  said  top  after  the  original  spire  had 
been  taken  down.    The  church  then  stood  on  the  corner  of  North  and  Lynde  streets. 

(133) 


134  MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR. 

On  the  5th  of  February  following,  the  proprietors  voted  to  con- 
cur "witli  the  church  in  the  above  vote,  only  modifying  the  proposi- 
tion "to  improve  Dr.  Belknap's  collection,"  by  adding,  in  partial 
adherence  to  their  first  vote,  "  together  with  the  psalms  now  in 
use."  Perhaps  this  desire  on  the  part  of  the  proprietors  to  keep 
Tate  and  Brady,  along  with  the  new  book  to  be  intr  duced,  and 
the  counter  desire  of  the  church  to  dispense  with  it,  caused  the 
whole  matter  to  be  dropped  for  the  time.  The  records  make  no 
farther  reference  to  the  subject  till  Jan.,  1803,  except  that  the  pro- 
prietors voted  in  January,  1799,  "  not  to  act"  upon  a  proposition 
which  had  been  made,  to  add  Dr.  Watts'  Psalms  and  Hymns  to 
those  already  in  use.  On  Jan.  23,  1803,  the  proprietors  having 
submitted  to  the  church,  anew,  the  very  proposition  embodied  and 
adopted  in  their  vote  of.  Feb.  5,  1798,  —  after  discussion,  an  un- 
decided vote,  an  adjournment,  more  conversation,  and  another 
vote,  it  was  declared  by  the  pastor  that :  "  It  appeared  [to  be]  the 
determination  of  the  church  to  concur  with  the  proprietors  of  this 
house  in  the  introduction  of  Dr.  Belknnp's  H3'mns  and  Psalms 
into  public  worship  in  connection  with  Tate  and  Brady's  Psalms." 

As  the  pastor  could  read  from  either  collection,  at  his  pleasure, 
however,  no  doubt  Tate  and  Brady  were  soon  quietly  superseded 
by  Belknap. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Proprietors'  Committee,  held  at  the  house 
of  Jacob  Ashton,  on  the  evening  of  Aug.  29,  1800,  it  was 

Voted,  To  recommend  to  the  proprietors  "  to  consider  what 
measures  they  will  take  to  provide  a  suitable  place  (either  by 
building  or  otherwise),  where  such  persons  belonging  to  the  soci- 
ety as  are  desirous  of  being  instructed  in  psalmody,  may  conven- 
iently meet  for  this  purpose." 

The  proprietors  adopted  this  recommendation  and  authorized 
the  Committee  to  carry  it  into  effect.  A  sub-committee,  consisting 
of  Messrs.  Elijah  and  Jacob  Sanderson  and  Benj.  Watkins,  were 
intrusted  with  the  matter,  who,  after  due  consideration,  decided 


MEMORANDA    OF    CIIOIK.  135 

that  a  buililing"  of  two  stories,  instead  oi"  one,  as  originally  con- 
templated, would  bo  preferable,  and  so  advised  the  proprietors, 
who,  at  their  meeting  of  Jan.  12,  IHOl,  accepted  the  suggestion 
and  authorized  the  erection  of  the  building,  the  cost  thereof  not 
to  exceed  the  sum  of  seven  hundred  dollars.  Land  for  the 
purpose  was  leased  of  James  Odell,  and  a  passage  way  thereto 
of  William  Luscomb.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Parish  Committee,  Jan. 
12,  ISOl,  the  same  sub-committee  were  directed  to  agree  with  and 
employ  some  person  or  persons  suitable  therefor,  to  take  charge 
of  and  to  teach  psalmody  to  such  persons  as  attend  public  wor- 
ship at  the  North  Meeting  House,  in  the  new  house  built  b}^  the 
proprietors  therefor,  and  to  draw  on  the  treasurer  for  the  expense 
attending  the  same.  This  "  new  building  "  was  situated  near  the 
First  Baptist  Church,  on  the  Odell  estate,  on  the  corner  of  a 
passage  way  leading  from  Federal  street  to  Bridge  street,  and  a 
passage  leading  from  the  first  passage  way  to  North  street.  It 
was  subsequently  removed  farther  down  the  second  passage  way, 
and  now  stands,  as  a  dwelling-house,  next  above  the  gasometer. 
It  was  occupied,  at  one  time,  for  a  day  school  b}^  William  Biglow 
(II.  Coll.  1794),  afterwards  Master  of  the  Boston  Latin  School* 
from  1805  to  1814,  and  subsequently  by  Samuel  Ilaraden  Archer 
(Dart.  Coll.  1818),  from  1819  to  1835. 
The  proprietors,  at  their  meeting,  Jan.  25,  1803, 
Voted,  ''That  forty-five  copies  of  Dr.  Belknap's  Collection  be 
purchased  at  the  expense  of  the  proprietors  for  the  use  of  the 
choir." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee,  Sept.  22,  1803,  Col.  Pickmau 
and  ]Mr.  Elijah  Sanderson  were  chosen  a  sub-committee  to 
re(|ucst  Mr.  Samuel  Mclntire  and  Mr.  Josiah  Peabody,  to  apply 
to  Mr.  Samuel  Ilolyoke,  or  some  other  person,  and  request  him 
to   assist    them   in   keeping  a   singing    school    for   the  society. 

♦Then  standing  in  School  street,  on  site  of  the  Parker  Ilonse.  Master  Biglow  was 
a  good  flassical  scholar,  a  great  wit,  bnt  severe  in  discipline.  A  common  word  of  en- 
couragement was  '•  Study,  l)oys,  study,  and  All  up  the  gap  where  brains  are  left  out." 


136  MEMORANDA   OF   CHOIR. 

This  Mr.  Hol3"oke,  a  graduate  of  Harvard  College,  1789,  was  a 
son  of  Rev.  Elizur  Ilolyoke  (Harv.  Coll.  1750),  minister  of  the 
East  Parish  of  Boxford,  Mass.,  and  a  cousin  of  the  late  centena- 
rian. Dr.  Edward  Augustus  Holyoke  (Harv.  Coll.  1746),  of  Salem. 
He  was  born  at  Boxford,  Oct.  13, 1761,  and  died  at  Concord,  N.  H., 
Feb.  22,  1820.  In  his  day,  he  was  a  much  celebrated  composer 
and  teacher  of  music,  writing  generally  for  the  church,  and  in  the 
faulty  style  then  in  vogue.  His  music  is  now  wholly  out  of  use, 
having  few  of  the  elements  of  endurance  that  characterize  the 
cburcli  Chorals  of  Germany  and  England,  after  the  models  of 
which  later  American  writers  have  written,  whose  compositions 
show  a  vastly  increased  knowledge  of  the  principles  and  laws  of 
counterpoint  and  harmony.  His  most  celebrated  work  was  a  large 
Collection  of  Hymn  Tunes  called  the  "  Columbian  Repository  of 
Sacred  Harmony."  This  was  a  very  extensive  collection  of  Sacred 
Music,  containing  472  quarto  pages  and  750  pieces,  including  the 
whole  of  Dr.  Watts'  and  of  Dr.  Belknap's  Psalms  and  Hymns,  to 
each  of  which  a  tune  was  adapted,  as  well  as  to  some  of  the  "  par- 
ticular" metres  in  Tate  and  Brady's.  Published  by  Ranlet,  Exe- 
ter, N.  H.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee,  Aug.  12,  1805,  a 
sub-committee  of  five  persons,  Messrs.  Benj.  Goodhue,  Samuel 
Putnam  (afterwards  Judge  P.),  Ichabod  Tucker,  -Samuel  Mclntire 
and  William  P.  Symonds,  was  chosen  "  to  regulate  the  singing  in 
time  of  divine  service." 

The  first  hint  of  an  Organ  is  noticed  in  the  record  of  a  meet- 
ino-  of  the  Parish  Committee  (Messrs.  Samuel  Holmau,  Abijah 
Northey,  Elijah  Sanderson  and  William  Ward),  August  29,  1806, 
when  it  was 

Voted,  "  That  the  clerk  notify  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors  to 
be  held  at  the  Meeting  House,  on  Monday,  Sept.  8,  to  know  if  they 
will  appoint  a  Committee  to  dispose  of  the  Schoolhouse  belonging 
to  the  proprietors,  and  appropriate  the  proceeds  towards  the  pur- 
chase of  an  Organ,  if  wanted  for  that  purpose,"  that  is,  if  said  pro- 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR.  137 

cccds  be  wanted  to  make  up  the  amount  needed,  over  and  above 
the  subscription. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors  on  Monday,  Sept.  8, 180G,  it  was 

Voted,  "  Tliat  tlie  buiUling  belonging  to  the  proprietors,  which 
has  been  improved  for  a  singing  school,  be  sold,  and  the  proceeds 
thereof  in  whole,  or  in  part,  be  appropriated,  if  wanted,  towards 
procuring  an  Organ  for  the  North  Meeting  House,"  and  "that  the 
standing  Committee  be  authorized  to  carry  the  vote  into  effect." 

It  was  further 

Voted,  "That  whatever  Committee  ma}-  be  appointed  bj^  the  in- 
dividual subscribers  towards  the  aforesaid  Organ,  in  aid  of  the 
sum  realized  from  the  sale  of  the  school-house,  be  authorized  to 
draw  out  of  the  treasury,  the  whole  or  a  part  of  the  sum  which 
said  sale  may  produce,  and  unite  it,  if  wanted,  to  the  sum  raised 
by  subscription  for  procuring  the  Organ  and  placing  it  in  the 
Meeting  House." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors,  at  the  house  of  Abijah 
Northe}^  June  3,  1808,  it  was 

Voted,  "  That  Ichabod  Tucker,  Esq.,  Mr.  Samuel  Mclntire,  Mr. 
Leverett  Saltonstall  and  Capt.  William  Ward,  be  the  Singing  Com- 
mittee for  the  said  proprietors,  and  they  are  requested  to  take 
charge  of  the  Organ  when  completed,  and  to  regulate  the  singing 
in  said  society  as  they  may  judge  most  proper  for  the  purposes  of 
devotion  and  praise." 

Voted,  also,  that  "  The  treasurer  be  authorized  to  hire  the  sum 
of  four  hundred  and  fifty-seven  dollars  and  eighty-five  cents,  to 
discharge  the  balance  due  by  the  Committee  of  the  Organ  as  per 
account  rendered  in  this  day  and  examined." 

Tliis  instrument  was  made  b}^  John  E.  Geib  &  Son,  of  New 
York,  1808,  builders  of  some  celebrity  in  their  day.  The  son  was 
a  musician  of  some  considerable  note,  and  a  maker  of  Piano  Fortes. 
This  Organ  had  two  full  mamials,  from  GG  to  F,  omitting  GG 
sharp  ;  but  the  bass  of  the  upper  manual  (swell)  was  "  fixed,"  the 
9 


138  MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR. 

keys  being  immovable,  and  without  pipes,  so  that  the  bass  of  the 
Great  Organ  had  to  serve  for  the  swell  also.  Originally  it  had  no 
pedal  bass.  The  stops  were,  in  Great  Organ  (56  notes), —  Open 
and  Stopped  Diapason,  Principal,  12th,  15th,  Sesquialtera,  Dul- 
ciana,  Trumpet,  and  blank  Viol  di  Gamba;  in  Swell  (extending 
from  tenor  G  upwards,  38  notes).  Open  and  Stopped  Diapason, 
Principal  and  Cremona.  Its  touch  was  exceedingly  hard,  even 
affecting  skill  in  fingering.  In  1832,  Messrs.  Hook,  Salem  men 
who,  starting  in  a  small  shop  at  the  corner  of  Essex  and  Sewall 
streets,  and  afterwards  removing  to  Boston,  achieved  the  very 
highest  and  most  merited  celebrity  as  Organ-builders,  made  some 
repairs,  changes  and  additions.  Thej^  took  out  the  old  diagonal 
bellows,  and  put  in  one  of  more  modern  make,  with  feeder  and  res- 
ervoir, added  an  octave  and  half  of  pedals  with  a  double  Open 
Diapason  of  16  feet  pipes,  added  a  Flute  stop  in  place  left  blank 
for  Viol  di  Gamba  in  Great  Organ,  and  greatly  eased  the  very  hard 
touch.  Good  (but  only  that)  for  its  day,  its  tones  were  not 
smooth  nor  agreeable,  and  its  un-facilities  would  greatly  trouble  a 
modern  organic.  These  changes  were  made  while  the  instrument 
stood  in  the  old  church,  corner  of  Lynde  and  North  streets. 
Some  repairs  were  made  prior  to  the  above,  by  William  Goodrich, 
Organ-builder  of  Boston. 

On  the  Sunday  of  the  first  playing  of  this  Organ,  Dr.  Barnard 
preached  a  sermon  on  music,  his  text  being  "  And  when  they 
had  sung  a  Hymn  they  went  out  to  the  Mount  of  Olives."  He 
spoke  of  "  the  stately  Organ  that  now  adorns  this  House."  The 
opening  of  this  instrument  must  have  been  quite  an  occasion,  a 
full  choir  of  volunteers  having  been  trained  to  give  some  special 
music ;  among  which  was  Dr.  Madan's  then  well-known,  and  now 
shelved.  Anthem,  called  "Denmark,"  Before  Jehovah's  awful  throne. 
On  the  Committee  for  procuring  this  Organ,  were  two  gentlemen 
long  identified  with  the  music  of  the  parish,  Messrs.  Tucker  and 
Saltonstall.     They  were  both  lawyers,  the  former  occupying,  for 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR.  139 

man}'  years,  the  office  of  Clerk  of  the  Courts  of  Essex  County. 
He  was  a  prominent  and  much  respected  member  of  the  society, 
distinguished  for  his  interest  in  its  welfare,  and  well  remem- 
bered as  the  ''minister's  host,"  his  house  in  Chestnut  street  (now 
Mrs.  Thomas  Cole's),  being  a  home  for  those  who  supplied  at 
exchanges  or  other  occasions.  lie  sang  in  the  Choir  for  many 
years.  Mr.  Saltonstall  was  very  largelj''  and  successful!}'  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law,  and  often  placed  by  his  fellow  citizens  in 
offices  of  honor  and  trust.  He  represented  Salem  in  the  Legisla- 
ture of  the  State  many  times,  was  its  first  Mayor  (in  183G),  and 
a  member  of  Congress,  from  the  district,  from  1840  to  1844. 
Eminent  in  his  profession,  respected  and  beloved  by  the  whole 
community,  and  ardently  attached  to  the  society  to  which  his 
religious  convictions  led  him,  he  gave  it  his  most  earnest  service 
and  sustained  its  interests  with  unflagging  devotion.  A  polished 
and  accomplished  gentleman,  of  marked. and  attractive  face  and 
figure  and  dignified  bearing,  of  genial  disposition  and  warm 
s^-mpathies,  "  none  knew  him  but  to  love,  nor  named  him  but  to 
praise."  He  had  an  admirable  bass  voice,  with  exquisite  musical 
taste,  and  great  skill  in  performance  ;  and,  except  when  absent  from 
home  on  professional  or  public  duties,  alwaj-s  occupied  a  seat  in 
the  Choir,  and  joined  earnestly  and  devoutly  in  the  praise-service 
of  the  church. 

The  other  member,  Mr.  Mclntire,  a  player  on  the  double  bass 
and  violoncello,  was  a  noted  architect  and  mechanic  of  his  day, 
and  of  rare  taste  and  skill  in  his  special  business.  He  planned 
the  old  Tabernacle,  the  South  Church,  on  Chestnut  street,  always 
admired  for  its  fine  proportions,  and  very  man}^  of  the  old  and 
stately  residences  of  the  wealthy  Salem  merchants  of  his  day. 

By  a  vote  passed  at  a  meeting  in  June,  1821,  it  appears  that  the 
subject  of  a  change  in  the  Hymn  Book  Avas  contemplated,  and  a 
special  Committee  was  appointed  npon  the  snbject,  consisting  of 
the  Hon.  Joseph  Storj'  (H.  Coll.),  the  celebrated  jurist,  one  of  the 


140  MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR. 

judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  Hon.  Leverett 
Saltonstall  and  Hon.  Ichabod  Tucker.  This  Committee,  at  a  meet- 
ing of  the  proprietors,  January  14,  1822,  reported  in  favor  of 
substituting,  in  place  of  Dr.  Belknap's,  the  collection  known  as 
"  Sewall's,"  recently  printed  in  New  York,  as  "in  the  opinion  of 
the  Committee,  compiled  with  great  judgment  and  taste,  and  con- 
taining a  suitable  variety  of  sacred  poetry  by  the  best  authors." 
The  Committee  added,  that  Rev.  Mr.  Brazer,  the  then  pastor,  "had 
perused  the  book  and  was  satisfied  with  it."  The  recommendation 
was  not  adopted,  and  the  subject  was  recommitted  to  the  same 
Committee,  with  the  addition  of  Messrs.  Frederick  Howes  and 
Benjamin  Pierce.  This  new  Committee,  at  the  annual  meeting  of 
January  13,  1823,  reported  "  that  in  our  opinion  a  change  is  desir- 
able ;  but  we  think  it  inexpedient,  at  present,  to  recommend  any 
particular  substitute,  and  pray  to  be  discharged  ffom  any  further 
attention  to  the  subject."     [Signed,  Joseph  Story,  Chairman.'] 

The  notification  for  the  annual  meeting  of  March  19,  1827,  con- 
tained the  following  clause:  "To  consider  and  determine  upon 
the  expediency  of  discontinuing  the  use  of  "Belknap's  Collection 
of  Psalms  and  Hymns,"  and  of  obtaining  some  other  collection 
instead  thereof."  At  that  meeting,  at  which  Hon.  Dudley  L. 
Pickman  presided,  it  was 

Voted,  "That  the  Committee  chosen  at  the  last  annual  meeting 
be  authorized  to  procure  a  suitable  number  of  copies  of  '  Sewall's 
Collection  of  Psalms  and  Hymns '  for  the  use  of  the  church  and 
society,  printed  with  good  type  and  on  good  paper,  and  hand- 
somely, but  not  expensively,  bound." 

Subscription  copies  were  to  be  paid  for  by  the  subscribers,  and 
the  rest  by  the  treasurer. 

This  was  the  introduction  of  this  collection,  which  was  used  by 
the  society  up  to  1850. 

Col.  Benjamin  Pickman  and  Messrs.  Dudley  L.  and  William 
Pickman  were  wealthy  and  influential  citizens  of  Salem.      Col. 


MEMOR^VJSfDA    OF   CHOIR.  141 

Pickniau's  house  stood  ou  Essex,  opposite  St.  Peter  street,  Mr. 
D.  L.  Pickmau's  on  Chestnut  street  (now  Mr.  Benjamin  Shreve's), 
]\Ii-.  Wm.  Pickman's  on  Essex  below  Beckford,  now  Dr.  G.  B. 
Loring's. 

In  1829,  by  vote  of  the  proprietors'  Committee,  though  no  record 
thereof  appears,  Henry  K.  Oliver  (Ilarv.  and  Dart.  Coll.,  1818), 
then  Master  of  the  English  High  School  of  Salem,  was  appointed 
Organist  and  Choir  director,  at  a  salary  of  two  hundred  and 
seventy-five  dollars.  His  first  thought  of  oi'gan-playing  came  from 
a  suggestion  of  Hon.  Mr.  Saltoustall,  in  a  conversation  on  church 
music  in  1822,  intimation  being  given  that,  after  qualifying  by  a 
course  of  study  and  practice,  he  could  probabl}^  have  charge  of  the 
Organ  and  Choir  of  the  North  Society.  On  this  hint,  he  com- 
menced study  with  Mr.  Thomas  Cooper,  organist  of  St.  Peter's 
Church,  Avho,  with  his  brother,  Mr.  Samuel  Cooper,  ranked  among 
the  best  organists  of  the  da3^  Compared  with  the  present  time, 
pla3'ers  were  very  scarce.  Mr.  Cooper  removing  to  Boston,  Mr. 
Oliver  succeeded  him  at  St.  Peter's  in  1823,  removing  in  1827  to 
the  Barton  Square  Church,  and  thence  to  the  North  Church  in 
1829,  where  he  continued  the  next  following  twent}^  3-ears.  Dur- 
ing nearh'  all  this  time  the  Choir  consisted  mostly  of  volunteers, 
though  salaried  singers,  mainly  sopranos,  were  employed.  Among 
these  for 'about  thirteen  j-ears,  from  1837  to  1850,  was  Miss 
Catharine  S.  Mallet,  afterwards  Mrs.  Henry  Lemon. 

This  lad}',  a  sister  of  Miss  Sarah  Mallet,  organist  of  the  North 
Church  from  1826  to  1829,  first  came  to  Salem  in  1827,  as  lead- 
ing soprano  soloist  of  the  Mozart  Association,  and  organist  of 
St.  Peter's  Church,  succeeding  Mr.  Oliver.  This  Association, 
consisting  of  about  one  hundred  members,  comprising  the  best 
talent  of  the  city,  devoted  itself  to  the  study  and  practice  of  the 
works  of  Handel,  Hajxln,  Mozart,  Beethoven,  etc.  It  gave  many 
concerts  and  greatly  improved  the  musical  knowledge,  taste  and 
skill  of  Salem.      Mr.  Oliver  was  its  President  and  Conductor. 


142  MEMORANDA    OF   CHOIR. 

Mrs.  Lemon,  noWresiding  at  Newton,  possessed  a  voice  of  great 
power,  with  a  richness,  fulness  and  delicacy  rarely  surpassed. 
Well  instructed  in  the  art,  and  with  admirable  appreciation  of  what 
she  rendered,  she  never  failed  to  make  a  deep  and  most  favorable 
impression.  She  particularly  excelled  in  Oratorio  and  sacred 
music.  Most  estimable  in  private  life,  she  was  a  general  favorite, 
and  her  own  annual  concerts  always  commanded  a  full  house  and 
hearty  welcome.  When  permanently  engaged  at  the  North  Church, 
she  was  abl}^  seconded  by  Miss  Ellen  M.  Swan,  now  of  Boston, 
an  alto  of  the  very  best  quality,  and  a  most  excellent  singer. 
The  music  of  the  church  during  all  this  period  was  of  rare  ex- 
cellence. Miss  Mallet  died  at  Bangor,  Maine,  May  25,  1872, 
having  been  for  many  years,  the  organist  of  the  Unitarian  Church 
in  that  town.  They  were  daughters  of  Monsieur  Mallet,  a  French 
gentleman  of  much  respectability,  who  came  to  this  countr}'  with 
Lafayette,  and  served  in  the  army  of  the  Revolution  to  the  eud  of 
the  war.  He  then  settled  in  Boston  as  a  teacher  of  music,  declin- 
ing to  receive  any  pension.  He  was  among  the  earliest  publishers 
of  music  in  Boston,  the  friend  and  business  partner  of  the  cele- 
brated Dr.  G.  K.  Jackson,  and  predecessor  of  Graupner,*  the  fa- 
mous double-bass  player,  whose  music  store  was  in  Franklin  street. 

Mr.  Adrian  Low,  one  of  the  old  and  valued  members  of  Wil- 
liam Manning's  corps  of  famous  coach  drivers  on  the  Boston  and 
Salem  line  of  stages,  and  a  faithful  and  trusted  express  messen- 
ger, was,  at  this  time,  a  leading  bass  singer.  His  sudden  dis- 
appearance, never  accounted  for,  will  be  remembered  by  our  older 
people.  Mr.  Hemy  Lemon,  now  of  Newton,  a  baritone,  was  also 
a  member  of  the  Choir  at  this  same  date. 

Nothing  noteworthy  in  the  musical  histor}-  of  the  parish  appears 
in  the  records  till  the  year  1835-36,  when  the  subject  of  a  new 
church  edifice  was  agitated,  resulting  in  the  erection,  by  subscrib- 
ers, of  the  present  stone  building  on  Essex,  west  of  North  street. 

*  All  these  men  are  well  remembered  by  the  writer. 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR.  143 

At  a  proprietors'  meeting  liold  on  the  27th  of  Maj',  183G,  it 
was 

Voted  (though  not  withont  some  opposition),  "That  the  old 
Meeting  House,  land,  and  appurtenances,  the  bell,  organ,  and 
clock,  shall  be  sold  for  the  most  the  same  will  bring." 

A  Committee  of  five  persons,  Messrs.  John  G.  King,  W.  II. 
Foster,  Nath'l  Saltonstall,  Geo.  Peabody  and  Emery  Johnson,  were 
intrusted  with  this  sale.  The  committee  for  building  the  new 
church  purchased  the  old  Organ  at  S706.50.  The  instrument  was 
afterwards  set  up  in  the  new  building  where  it  remained  till  1847- 
48,  when  the  subject  of  a  new  instrument  was  agitated. 

By  a  vote  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  proprietors,  April  11, 
1847,  Messrs.  Francis  Peabod}-,  Geo.  AVheatland,  and  John  C. 
Lee,  were  appointed  a  Committee  to  consider  the  expediency  of 
making  certain  alterations  in  the  interior  of  the  house  and  of  pur- 
chasing a  new  Organ.  At  a  meeting  June  10,  1847,  Col.  Peabody, 
in  behalf  of  the  Committee,  made  a  report  favoring  certain  altera- 
tions, and  the  purchase  of  a  new  Organ,  whereupon  it  was 

Voted,  "  That  the  fund  belonging  to  the  societ}',  which  was 
bequeathed  to  it  by  the  late  W.  W.  Palfray,  together  with  the  pro- 
ceeds of  sale  of  old  Organ,  be  applied  b}'  the  special  Committee 
towards  procuring  a  new  Organ,  and  towards  certain  proposed 
alterations  in  the  pulpit,  and  in  the  interior  of  the  church." 

This  appears  to  have  been  done,  and  a  new  and  larger  instru- 
ment, being  the  same  now  (1872)  in  use,  was  procured  and  set 
up.  It  was  built  by  Simmons  and  Mclntire  of  Boston,  and  set  up 
in  1848.  The  main  part  of  this  instrument  is  about  twelve  feet 
long,  with  two  Avings  added,  of  about  four  feet  by  three  on  each 
side,  falling  back  from  the  main  body.  This  main  body,  con- 
taining the  wind-chests  and  swell,  is  about  six  feet  deep,  with 
three  towers  of  pipes,  the  centre  fifteen  feet  high,  the  end  ones 
twelve  feet  high,  with  a  verj'  handsome  front  showing  the  gilt 
pipes  of  the  diapasons.     The  following  is  its  schedule. 


144  MEMORANDA  OF  CHOIR. 

GREAT  OEGAN  GG  to  F     \       SWELL. 

Open  Diapason  57  pipes 1  Open  Diapason. 

Stopped  Treble  and  Bass  57  pipes     .     .   I  Stopped  Treble  and  Bass. 

Principal /  Double  Stopped  Diapason. 

Twelfth I  Dulcino. 

Fifteenth \  Picolo. 

Sesquialtera j    Hautboy  and  Tremulant. 

Clarabella V  Pedal    Bass   of   20    pipes 

Dulcino \      from  GGG  upward. 

Flute I 

Couplers  connect / 

The  bellows  are  not  in  the  body  of  the  instrument,  but  in  a  cas- 
ing suspended  from  the  ceiling  of  the  room  in  the  tower,  back  of 
the  Organ,  a  large  trunk  conveying  the  wind  to  the  wind-chests  of 
Great  Organ  and  swell.  The  blower  stands  in  an  open  space  be- 
tween the  rear  of  the  Organ  and  this  room.  The  instrument, 
though  not  of  the  highest  order,  is  a  vast  improvement  over  its 
predecessor.  Its  foundation  stops  are  not  quite  evenly  balanced, 
and  its  fancy  stops  not  smooth,  nor  reaching  clear  down  the  key- 
board. 

Hitherto,  the  Choir  appears  to  have  consisted  mainly  of  volun- 
teers, excepting  that  the  organist  was  paid  a  fixed  salary  which 
had  gradually  risen  to  $275  per  annum.  The  other  expenses  were 
for  Organ-blower,  Music  books,  and  a  leading  Soprano  singer. 
By  vote  of  the  proprietors  at  their  annual  meeting  April  29,  1850, 
the  cost  of  the  annual  music  was  limited  to  $500,  to  be  raised  by 
taxation.  At  the  same  meeting,  Sewall's  collection  of  Hymns  was 
exchanged  for  a  book  called  "  Hymns  for  the  Sanctuary,"  as  re- 
commended by  a  Committee,  consisting  of  Messrs.  Frederick 
Howes,  Thomas  Cole,  and  Caleb  Foote.  This  book  continued  to 
be  used  till  about  18G9,  the  latter  portion  of  the  time,  in  conjunc- 
tion with  Dr.  Lowell  Mason's  Selection  of  Tunes  for  Congrega- 
tional Singing,  the  society  having  decided  to  introduce  that  form 
of  praise  service.     In  1848,  Gen.  Oliver  removed  to  Lawrence  as 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR.  145 

Agent  of  the  Atlantic  Cotton  Mills,  and  was  succeedetl,  after  a 
short  interval,  by  Dr.  J.  F.  Tuckerman. 

Between  1846  and  1862,  the  following  votes  are  found  on  the 
records  on  the  subject  of  the  church  music. 

Dec.  28, 1846. — The  proprietors  voted  that  the  Piano  Forte,  now 
in  the  school-room  (rear  of  the  present  church),  be  "  placed  in  the 
charge  of  their  Committee,  to  be  disposed  of  if  they  shall  think  it 
expedient."  (This  instrument  had  been  bought  some  years  before, 
and  placed  in  the  vestry  then  underneath  the  church  building,  a 
room  afterwards  abandoned  on  account  of  its  extreme  dampness. 
This  room  had  been  used  for  Sunday  School,  Choir  and  other 
meetings.) 

May  8,  1854. —  Voted,  unanimously,  "That  the  thanks  of  the 
society  be  presented  to  Dr.  J.  F.  Tuckerman  for  the  skilful,  ap- 
propriate, and  very  satisfactory  manner  in  which  he  has  conducted 
the  musical  services  of  the  society  during*  the  time  the  same  has 
been  under  his  charge."  — 

Ma}'  1,  1855. — A  letter  from  Dr.  Tuckerman  was  presented  at  a 
meeting  of  the  Proprietors'  Committee,  as  follows.  — 

Salem,  March  17,  1855. 

To  the  Committees  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  North  Chiirch. 

Gentlemen  : — The  removal  of  Mr.  L.  Saltonstall,  Jr.,  Bass,*  from  Salem, 

which  will  shortly  terminate  the  constant  and  able  service  which  he  has 

rendered  in  the  Choir  of  the  society  for  several  years  past,  obliges  me  to 

suggest  the  necessity  of  an  appropriation  (of  say  ^125  per  annum),  for 

the  salary  of  a  bass  singer  after  the  1st  of  April  next.   With  this  addition, 

the  expense  of  the  music  may  be  estimated  as  follows  :  — 

Salaries  now  paid  (not  including  Bass), $500 

Add  for  Bass  voice 125 

Allowance  for  repairs  of  organ  tuning,  music,  etc.,  75 

$700 

which  sum  I  hope  will  be  allowed. 

Allow  me  to  suggest  that  the  discipline  and  training  of  the  Choir  have 
suffered  for  want  of  a  more  decided  organization  than  now  exists,  and  to 

*  Son  of  Hon.  L.  Saltonstall. 


146  MEMORANDA   OF    CHOIR. 

advise  that  its  immediate  Director  be  intrusted  formally  by  your  Com- 
mittee with  the  power  to  engage  the  several  members,  as  well  as  to 
apportion  salaries  and  disburse  the  same  by  drafts  on  the  Treasurer,  not 
exceeding  the  limits  of  the  annual  appropriation. 

I  am,  respectfully  yours, 

J.  Francis  Tuckerman. 

These  suggestions  were  adopted  bj^  the  Committee,  and  full 
power  in  the  premises  delegated  to  him  as  Director. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee,  Oct.  3, 1855,  after  the  ordination 
of  Mr.  Charles  Lowe,  the  following  vote  was  passed : 

"That  the  thanks  of  the  Committee  be  presented  to  Dr.  Tucker- 
man and  other  members  of  the  Choir,  and  to  those  who  A'olunteered 
their  services  in  the  orchestra,  for  their  highly  acceptable  perform- 
ances at  the  installation  of  Rev.  Mr.  Lowe  on  the  27th  September 
ultimo.     John  H.  Nichols,  Clerk" 

Votes  of  thanks  to  Dr.  Tuckerman  were  also  passed  hy  the 
proprietors  at  their  annual  meeting  of  April  28,  1857,  and  May 
3,  1858.  At  their  meeting  of  May  7,  18C0,  on  motion  of  Mr.  H. 
L.  Williams,  it  was 

Voted^  "  That  the  members  of  the  North  Church  desire  to  place 
on  record  their  high  sense  of  the  valuable  services  rendered  by 
Dr.  J.  Francis  Tuckerman,  for  man}'^  years,  in  conducting  the 
Choir  of  the  church,  and  at  the  same  time  to  express  their  sincere 
regret  at  the  discontinuance  of  his  connection  with  the  church, 
oflfering  their  best  wishes  for  his  present  and  future  welfare." 

The  Secretary  was  directed  by  vote  to  forward  to  Dr.  Tuck- 
erman a  cop3^  of  the  above.  To  this  a  reply  was  received  ex- 
pressive of  a  grateful  sense  of  the  recognition  of  his  services, 
and  cordially  reciprocating  the  good  will  of  the  Committee. 

The  aid  of  Dr.  Tuckerman  was  invaluable  in  the  musical  ser- 
vices of  the  society.  It  was  rendered  wholly  gratuitouslj^  on  his 
part.  Himself  an  amateur  of  most  uncommon  taste  and  skill,  a 
composer  of  much  merit,  with  a  sweet,  well-trained  and  command- 
ing tenor  voice,  and  admirable  administrative  capacit}^  as  a  leader. 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR.  147 

he  brought  the  music  of  the  chinch  to  the  highest  order  of  ex- 
cellence, and  his  loss  from  the  parish  was  very  deeply  regretted. 
He  nftorwards  took  charge  of  the  Choir  at  "  Grace  Church," 
(Episcopalian). 

He  wrote  for  the  Choir  the  tunes  known  as  Danvers,  Beckicith, 
Contrition^  Supplication,  Chehea  (L.  M.'s)  ;  Lambeth  (S.  M.)  ; 
Ashhurton,  SaltonstaU,  7s;  '■'■  The  Lord  is  my  shepherd,  I  shall 
not  leant;"  and  several  chants,  all  possessing  very  great  merit. 
He  married  Luc}',  daughter  of  Hon.  Mr.  SaltonstaU. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  Ma}-  1,  1861,  the  charge  of  the 
music  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  Gen.  Oliver  (who  had  returned 
from  Lawrence  to  Salem),  Caleb  Foote  and  Joseph  Cloutman,  the 
former  of  whom  took  charge  of  the  Choir,  as  successor  to  Dr. 
Tuckerman.  His  new  service  as  Organist  and  Director  he  ren- 
dered gratuitous!}'. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  April  28,  18G2,  it  was 

Voted,  "  That  the  thanks  of  the  society  be  presented  to  Gen. 
Oliver  for  his  successful  efforts  in  lessening  the  expenses  of 
the  music,  and  in  instructing  the  members  of  the  Choir  and  the 
children  of  the  parish  during  the  past  3'ear."  A  similar  vote  was 
passed  at  the  annual  meeting  of  April  28,  18G3. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  proprietors,  April  26,  1861,  Gen.  Oliver 
proposed,  that  if  the  proprietors  assent,  he  will  continue  in  charge 
of  the  musical  affairs  of  the  church,  provided  full  power  be  given 
him  to  hire  and  discharge  singers,  and  to  control  the  general  or- 
ganization and  management  of  the  Choir,  doing  all  without  charge 
for  personal  services.  His  proposition  was  accepted.  Committees 
on  music  were  elected  in  1865  and  1866,  the  same  power,  however, 
being  with  Gen.  Oliver  who  was  chairman  of  the  several  Com- 
mittees chosen. 

In  1865,  though  no  record  to  that  effect  is  found,  the  parish 
adopted  Congregational  Singing. 

During  the  time  of  his  oflSciating  in  the  management  of  the 


148  MEMORANDA   OF    CHOIR. 

Choir,  he  wrote  many  Hymn  tunes  for  its  use.  Among  them  Fed- 
eral Street^  Harmony  Grove,  Chestnut  Street,  Merton,  Norman, 
Frothingham  (on  occasion  of  Rev.  Mr.  Frothingham's  ordina- 
tion, to  a  hymn  written  by  his  father,  Rev.  N.  L.  Frothingham,  of 
Boston),*  Chadwick,  WalmU  Grove,  Salisbury  Plain,  Walgrave, 
Vesper,  Downing,  Morning,  Elkton,  Algernon,  several  Chants,  and 
the  Motets,  '•'•Lord  of  all  iwiver  and  might,"  '•^The  Lord  shall 
comfort  Zion,"  '•'•How  manifold  are  thy  works  0  Lord,"  '■'•Holy 
Lord  God  of  Hosts,"  with  other  compositions,  most  of  which  were 
subsequently  published  and  used  elsewhere.  Some  of  these  were 
written  before  his  removal  to  Lawrence  in  1848,  and  some  after 
his  return. 

His  organ-blower  for  many  years  was  Philip  Frye,  now  dead,  a 
most  skilful  inflator  of  the  bellows.  This,  in  the  old  Organ,  was 
a  double  apparatus  with  two  handles,  between  which,  in  the  rear  of 
the  instrument,  the  blower  stood,  alternately  working  one  handle 
up  and  the  other  down,  somewhat  like  the  beam  of  a  steam  engine. 
Dr.  Holmes  well  describes  the  labor  of  this  "  brother-player"  in 
his  humorous  "Organ-blower,"  which  is  so  exact  and  true  that 
it  is  inserted  here. 

"  O  brother,  with  the  supple  spine 
How  much  we  owe  those  bows  of  thiue-! 
Without  thine  arm  to  lend  the  breeze, 
How  vain  the  fingers  on  the  keys  ! 
Tho'  all  unmatched  the  player's  skill. 
Those  thousand  throats  were  dumb  and  still. 
Another's  art  may  shape  the  tone. 
The  breath  that  fills  it  is  thine  own."  — 

Not  all  the  preaching,  O  my  friend, 
Comes  from  the  church's  pulpit  end ! 

*At  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Frothingham  the  musical  performance  was  conducted 
by  Gen.  Oliver  at  the  Organ,  Miss  Frost,  of  Boston  (for  the  occasion),  Soprano,  Miss 
Swan,  Alto,  Mr.  B.  S.  Whitmore,  Tenor,  and  Messrs.  William  Brown  and  B.  F.  Baker, 
Bassos.  The  tune  "  Frothuigham  "  was  then  first  sung,  and  a  Motet  by  Charles  Zeuner 
to  the  words  "  How  beautiful  upon  the  mountains,"  a  composition  of  very  great  merit. 


MEMOUANDA    OF    CIIOIU.  149 

Not  all  that  beiul  the  knee,  ami  bow, 
Yield  sei'V'ice  half  so  true  as  thou ! 
One  simple  task  performed  aright, 
With  slender  skill,  but  all  thy  might. 
Where  honest  labor  does  its  best. 
And  leaves  the  player  all  the  rest." 

Gen.  Oliver  always  made  it  a  point  to  thank  bis  faithful 
heljier  at  close  of  service ;  for  what  were  the  plaj-er  without  the 
blower,  as  the  former  was  once  made  to  feel,  when,  in  the  midsl 
of  playing  a  Hymn  tune,  the  Organ  ceased,  with  a  dying  wail ! 
On  running  to  the  rear  to  fnid  the  cause,  he  found  his  helpmate, 
wearied  with  rising  and  sinking  [the  Hymn  was  a  four  verse,  six 
line  Long  Metre,  with  the  thermometer  at  90°  and  a  summer  after- 
noon], had  dropped  into  "sound  "  slumber  —  and, 

In  sleep  serene  and  calmly  laid, 

Oblivious  of  the  needed  "  blows ;" 

With  deep-drawn  breath  and  full,  he  played 

The  diapason  of  the  nose  ;  — 

So  full,  so  rich,  and  all  so  clear  and  strong. 

The  echoing  pipes  the  snorting  strain  prolong. — H.  K.  0. 

The  Choir  of  the  North  Church  has  always  been  fortunate  in  its 
members,  having  had  among  them  many  persons  from  the  best 
educated  and  most  prominent  families  of  the  parish.  As  well 
as  the  writer  can  recollect,  there  have  belonged  to  it  at  various 
times  down  to  the  year  1873:  — 


Ichabod   Tucker,  E^q..  Tenor,    II.  Coll., 

17U1. 
Dr.  Nathaniel  Peabody,  Tenor.    Father  of 

Mrs.    Nath'l    Hawthorne,    Mrs.   Horace 

Mann  and  Miss  Elizabeth  Peabody. 
Hon.  Leverett  Saltonstall,  Bas.s,  II.  Coll., 

180-2. 
Oliver  Parsons,  Esq.,  Tenor. 
*Dr.  Charles  G.  Putnam,  Bass,  H.  Coll., 

1824. 


*Mrs.  Joseph  Augustus  (Putnam)  Pea- 
body, Soprano. 

*Mrs.  Charles  G.  (Putnam)  Loriug,  So- 
prano. 

*Mrs.  Francis  B.  (Putnam)  Cro^vnin- 
shield.   Soprano. 

Joseph  Richards,  Esq.,  Tenor.  Father  of 
Mr.s.  Tlieodore  Tilton,  of  New  York. 

Nathaniel  J.  Lord,  Esq.,  Bass,  H.  Coll., 
18-25. 


»Son  and  daughters  of  Hon.  Samuel  Putnam,  Judge  of  Sup.  Court  of  M^ssachu- 
settK  (H.  Coll.,  1787).    His  house  -was  No.  138  Federal  street. 


150 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR. 


Sisters. 


George    Peabody,    Esq.,  Ba.ss,    H.  Coll., 

1823. 
G3n.  H.  K.  Oliver,  Bass  and  Organist,  H. 

and  Dart.  Coll.,  1818. 
Benjamin  Tucker    (nephew    of    Ichabod, 

Esq.)  Tenor,  H.  Coll.,  1821. 
Dr.  Edward  S.  Lang,  Bass. 
Mrs.       "         "       "       Soprano. 
Mrs.  Edward  Brimmer,        '■ 
Solomon  S.  Whipple,  Esq.,  Bass. 
Mrs.  "      "  "        Soprano. 

John  Chadwick,  Esq.,  Bass,  Cashier  Ex- 
change Bank, 
Mrs.  John  Chadwick,  Soprano. 
Samuel  B.  Buttrick,  Esq.,  Counter  Tenor. 
Col.  Joseph  Sprague,  Bass,  Aid  to  Gov. 

William  Eustis. 
Hon.  Caleb    Foote,    Bass,   Editor   Salem 

Gazette.    Mrs.  C.  Foote,  Soprano. 
Henry  Lemon,  Esq.,  Baritone. 
Edw.  H.  Payson,  Esq.,  Bass. 
Mr.  Beiij.  Shillaber,  Bas.s. 
Mrs.  Horace  Mann  (daughter  of  Dr.  Isath. 

Peabody),  Soprano. 
Miss  Elizabeth  Peabody  (daughter  of  Mrs. 

J.  A.  Peabody),  Soprano. 
Mrs.  H.  Lemon,  Soprano  (sister  of  Miss  S. 

Mallet,  organist). 
Mr.  Adrian  Low,  Bass. 
Miss  Ellen  M.  Swan,  Alto. 
Mrs.  Harriet  M.  Bufl'um,  Alto. 
Miss  Elizabeth  Donaldson,  Soprano. 
Mrs.  John  C.  Lee,  Soprano. 
Ebenezer  Shillaber,  Er-q.,  Bass. 
Mr.  Samnel  X.  Glover,  Bass. 
Dr.  Edward  Barnard,  Tenor. 
Miss  E.  M.  R.  Brooks  (sister  of  Rev.  Chs. 

T.  Brooks,  H.  Coll.,  1832),  Alto. 
*Mrs.  John  Webster,  Soprano. 


*Mrs.   Stephen    Field,   Soprano. 

*  Mrs.  William  F.  Nichols,    '• 

*  Mrs.  John  Frost,  Soprano. 

George  Francis   Chever,  Esq.,  Tenor,  H. 

Coll..  1840. 
Mrs.  Benjamin  S.  Whitmore,  Soprano. 
Horace  P.  Farnham,  Esq.,  Bass,  H.  Coll., 

1813. 
Miss  Emily  P.  Farnham,  Soprano. 
51  r.  Beiij.  S.  Whitmore,  Tenor. 
Stephen  Wheatland,  Esq.,  H.  Coll.,  was 

leader  of  the  music  in  the  years  1816 

and  1817. 
Dr.   J.    Francis    Tuckerman,    Tenor,    H. 

Coll.,  1837. 
Mrs.  J.  Fi-ancis  Tuckeiman  (daughter  of 
Hon.  Leverett  Saltonstall),  Soprano. 
Mrs.  Benjamin   S.  Whitmore,   Mezzo  So- 
prano. 
Col.   Henry  Merritt    (Mass.  Vols.    Killed 

at  Xewbern,  18'i2.) 
Mrs.  S.  F.  Govea,  Soprano. 
Mr.  J.  A.  Newcomb,  Bass. 

'•    E.  A.  Bennett,        " 

"•   Jos.  Newell,  " 

Leverett  Saltonstall,  Esq.,  Bass. 
Mr.  Stephen  P.  Driver,  Tenor. 

'•    Geo.  A.  Fuller.  '• 

''    Cyrus  L.  Hayward,    " 

"    Charles  II.  St mton,  Bass. 
Mi"S.  Mary  E.  Dixey,  Alto. 
Miss  M.  E.  Smith, 

'•     Fanny  E.  Paine,  Soprano. 
Eleanor  V.  Paine,         " 
Miss  Elizabeth  S.  Merritt  (daughter  of  Col. 

M.),  Soprano. 
Mrs.  William  L.  (Nichols)  Kinsman,  So- 
prano. 
Miss  Mary  E.  Aldrich,  Soprano. 


Sisters. 


The  present  Choir,  1872-73,  consists  of 


Misses  Lucy  B.  Willson,  M.  Louisa  Webb, 
Mary  M.  Brooks  and  Mrs.  Anna  B. 
Richardson,  Sopranos. 

Mrs.  F.  H.  Lee,  IMiss  Mary  E.Webb,  Altos. 

Hon.  Lincoln  F.  Brigham,  Dart.  Coll., 
1812,  Chief  Justice  Superior  Court  of 
Mass.  Hon.  George  B.  Loring,  President 
Mass.  Senate,  1873,  H.  Coll.  1838.  Mr. 
Robert  W.Willson,  H.  Coll.,  1873,  Tenors. 


Gen.  Henry  K.  Oliver,  Ex-Adj.  Gen.  and 

Treas.  of  Mass.  Solomon  Lincoln,  Jr., 
•    Esq.,  Barrister.      Augustus  J.   Archer, 

Esq.,  Merchant.    Mr.  Francis    H.   Lee. 

Prof.  Edward  S.  Morse.    Mr.  Henry  M. 

Brooks,    Treas.   F.  R.  Lead    Co.      Mr. 

Arthur  W.  Foote,  H.  Coll.,  1874,  Bassos. 
Miss  Louisa  A.  Goodwin,  Organist. 


^Daughters  of  Capt.  James  Buffington. 


MEMORANDA    OF    CHOIR. 


151 


The  several  Orsfauists  luive  been 


John  Ilavt  from  ISOS  to 

Thomas  Cooper,  to  ISil. 

Rev.  Joseph  Mueiischer,  1S21  to  1623. 
Marshall  Pratt.  182J  to  18-24. 

Peter  C.  L'  Ouvrier,  1S2.')  to  1S26. 

Sarah  Mallet,  1S2C  to  1829. 


Henry  K.  Oliver, 
George  J.  Breetl, 
Frank  Upton, 
Manuel  Kniilio, 
Louisa  A.  Goodwin, 


1829  to  1818. 
1818  to  IS.-);. 
1857  to  1860. 
18(i"  to  1868. 
1868  to 


The   severtil  Music  Books  used    have  been 


Salem  Collection,  edited  by  John  Apple- 
ton,  of  the  firm  of  Gushing  &  Appleton. 

Village  Harmony. 

Bridgewater  Collection,  edited  by  Judge 
N.  Mitchell  and  Bartholomew  Brown. 

Handel  and  Haydn  Collection,  edited  by 
Lowell  Mason. 

Boston  Academy's,  edited  by  Lowell 
Mason. 

Ancient  Lyre,  edited  by  Charles  Zeuncr. 

American  Harp,  edited  by  Charles  Zcuner. 

Carniina  Lu-ia,  edited  by  Lowell  Ma.son. 

Greatorex,  compiled  by  Greatorex. 


Massachusetts  Collection,  edited  by  Geo. 

J.  Webb. 
;M(izart  Collection. 
Beethuveu  Collection,  edited  by  Ives,  Al- 

pers  and  Timms. 
Church  and  Home,  edited  by  Gould  and 

White. 
Kreissman's  Anthems,  August  Kreissman. 
Songs  of  Zion. 

Baumbach's  Motets,  edited  by  Baumbach. 
Oliver's    Collection,    compiled    by  II.  K. 

Oliver. 


At  present  (1872),  the  only  book  used  is  the  "  Hymn  and  Tune 
Book,"  published  by  the  American  Unitarian  Association,  and 
used  for  Congregational  Singing  (the  onh'  music  now  in  vogue  in 
the  service)  by  both  Choir  and  congregation.  It  was  formerly  the 
custom  at  the  opening  of  the  service,  for  the  Choir  to  sing  a  short 
anthem,  motet,  or  chant,  generall}-  from  the  books  of  Zcuner, 
Baumbtich,  Oliver,  or  Gould  &  White.  This  was  continued  until 
the  introduction  of  the  "Hymn  and  Tune  Book,"  published  by  the 
American  Unitarian  Association,  Jan.  1,  18G9.  The  service  (held 
in  the  forenoon  only)  now  consists  of  a  Voluntary  on  the  Organ, 
a  Ilymn  tune.  Prayer,  Reading  of  Scripture,  Hymn  tune.  Sermon, 
Prayer,  Hymn  tune,  Benediction,  Voluntary.  The  afternoon  is 
given  to  the  Sunday  School,  at  the  Vestry  in  rear  of  the  church. 


THE  CHURCH: 

COVENANT ;  EMLY  MEMBERS  AND  OFFICERS ;  MINISTER'S 

LIBRARY ;   SUNDAY  SCHOOL ;  EXTRACTS  AND 

NOTES  EROM  THE  RECORDS. 

(153) 
10 


The  above  engraving  represents  the  Pickmax  House,  as  it  appeared  in  1832, 
then  owned  and  occupied  by  tlie  tliird  Col.  Benjamin  Pickman,  a  grandson  of 
the  first  Col.  Benjamin  Picknian,  who  built  tlie  same  in  1750,  who  took  so  prom- 
inent a  part  in  tlie  founding  of  this  church  and  society,  and  is  frequently  alluded 
to  in  this  memoir. 

On  its  site  once  stood  a  house  built  by  Henry  Bartholemew,  soon  after  the 
settlement  of  the  town,  and  which  was  purchased  in  1680,  by  Timothy  Lindall, 
a  prominent  merchant  in  his  day— Mr.  Lindall  died  in  1699  and  gave  it  to  his 
widow,  who,  about  the  time  of  her  death  in  1732,  gave  it  to  her  daughter,  Sarah 
Lindall.  In  1719,  Sarah  Lindall  (then  Mrs.  Moreliead)  gave  the  house  and  land 
to  her  nephew,  Benjamin  Pickman,  who.  In  1750,  pulled  it  down  and  built  the 
house  above  alluded  to.  The  house  stands  on  Essex  street,  opposite  the  head 
of  St.  Peter  street,  and  is  now  owned  by  Mrs.  Lemaster,  who  has  erected 
stores  on  the  front  extending  to  the  street. 

(154) 


COVENANT 

ADOPTED    AXD    SIGNED    JULY    19,    1772. 


"  We,  the  subscribers,  late  members  of  the  First  Church  of  Christ  iii 
Salem,  but  regularly  dismissed  therefrom,  humbly  sensible  of  the  frowns 
of  God  upon  us,  in  this  separation  from  our  brethren  with  whom  we 
are  still  desirous  of  liviiia;  in  all  christian  fellowship  and  charity,  being 
desirous  to  form  ourselves  into  a  complete  organic  cliurch,  and  to  enjoy 
the  institutions  and  ordinances  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  and  have  them 
regularly  administered  to  us, 

Do  now,  in  the  first  place,  humbly  and  solemnly  renew  the  dedication 
of  ourselves  and  ofl'spring  to  the  great  God,  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Ghost, 
and  we  do  hereby  profess  our  firm  belief  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  con- 
tained in  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  and  taking  them  for  our  sole  and 
sufficient  rule  of  faith  and  practice,  we  do  covenant  and  engage  to  and 
with  each  other,  that  we  will  walk  together  as  a  christian  society,  in 
the  faith  and  order  of  the  gospel,  agreeable  to  the  laudable  practice  of  the 
congregational  churches  in  New  England,  and  we  do  hereby  engage  for 
ourselves  (and  as  far  as  in  our  power,  for  all  under  our  care)  that  we  will 
live  as  becomes  the  true  disciples  of  Jesus  Christ,  in  all  good  carriage 
and  behaviour,  both  towards  God  and  towards  man,  hereby  recognizing 
and  renewing  the  substance  of  the  first  covenant  entered  into  by  our 
pious  ancestors  at  their  first  founding  a  church  in  New  England,  in  this 
town,  Aug.  6,  1621),  professing  ourselves  nevertheless,  to  be  in  charity 
witii  all  men  who  love  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  in  sincerity  and  truth. 

And  all  this  we  engage  faithfully  to  perform,  not  in  our  own  strength, 
but  by  the  assistance  of  the  divine  spirit  which  we  are  encouraged  to 
hope  for,  relying  upon  the  atonement  purchased  by  the  blood  of  the  great 
mediator  for  the  pardon  of  our  manifold  sins,  and  praying  that  the  glori- 
ous Jesus,  the  great  Head  of  the  Church,  would  strengthen  and  enable  us 

(155) 


156  THE    CHURCH. 

to  keep  this,  our  covenant,  inviolate,  and  establish  and  settle  us,  and  at 
last  present  us  faultless  before  the  presence  of  his  glory  with  exceeding 
joy." 

The  following  is  the  covenant  referred  to  above  as  "the  sub- 
stance of  the  first  covenant  entered  into  by  our  pious  ancestors  at 
their  first  founding  a  church  in  New  England,  in  this  town,  Aug. 
6,  1629  ;"  and  which  the  subscribers  to  the  covenant  of  the  North 
Church,  "recognized  and  renewed"  and  made  a  part  of  their  own. 
It  was  not  strictly  the  first  covenant,  as  adopted  Aug.  6,  1629  : 
that  was  gone:  but  it  was  that  covenant  as  "renewed"  in  1636. 
For  the  age  of  this  covenant,  therefore,  we  cannot,  with  historical 
accuracy,  go  beyond  the  last-named  date. 

"We,  whose  names  are  here  underwritten,  members  of  the  present 
church  of  Christ  in  Salem,  having  found  by  sad  experience  how  dan- 
gerous it  is  to  sit  loose  to  the  covenant  we  make  with  our  God :  and 
how  apt  we  are  to  wander  into  by-paths,  even  to  the  losing  of  our  flrst 
aims  in  entering  into  church  fellowship :  Do  therefore,  solemnly,  in  the 
presence  of  the  Eternal  God,  both  for  our  own  comforts  and  those  which 
shall  or  may  be  joined  unto  us,  renew  that  church  covenant  we  find  this 
church  bound  unto  at  their  first  beginning,  viz : — That  we  covenant 
with  the  Lord,  and  one  with  another;  and  do  bind  ourselves  in  the 
presence  of  God,  to  walk  together  in  all  his  ways,  according  as  he  is 
pleased  to  reveal  himself  unto  us  in  his  blessed  word  of  truth,  and  do 
more  explicitly,  in  the  name  and  fear  of  God,  profess  and  protest  to  walk 
as  followeth,  through  the  power  and  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

1.  First  we  avow  the  Lord  to  be  our  God,  and  ourselves  his  people  in 
the  truth  and  simplicity  of  our  spirits. 

2.  We  give  ourselves  to  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  and  the  word  of  his 
grace,  for  the  teaching,  ruling  and  sanctifying  of  us  in  matters  of  wor- 
ship and  conversation,  resolving  to  cleave  to  Him  alone,  for  life  and 
glory ;  and  oppose  all  contrary  ways,  constitutions  and  canons  of  men  in 
his  worship. 

3.  We  promise  to  walk  with  our  brethren  and  sisters  in  this  congre- 
gation with  all  watchfulness  and  tenderness,  avoiding  all  jealousies,  sus- 
picions,  backbitings,   censurings,   provokings,   secret    risings  of   spirit 


THE   CHURCH. 


157 


against  them ;   but  In  all  offences  to  follow  the  rule  of  the  Lord  Jesus, 
and  to  bear  and  forbear,  give  and  forgive,  as  he  hath  taught  us. 

4.  In  public  or  private,  we  will  willingly  do  nothing  to  the  offence  of 
the  church,  but  will  be  williug  to  take  advice  for  ourselves  and  ours,  as 
occasion  shall  be  presented. 

5.  We  will  not,  in  the  congregation,  be  forward  either  to  show  our 
own  gifts  and  parts  in  speaking  or  scrupling,  or  there  discover  the  fiiiling 
of  our  brethren  or  sisters,  but  attend  an  orderly  call  theieunto;  knowing 
how  much  the  Lord  may  be  dishonored,  and  his  gospel,  in  the  profession 
of  it,  slighted  by  our  distempers  and  weaknesses  in  public. 

6.  We  bind  ourselves  to  study  the  advancement  of  the  gospel  in  all 
truth  and  peace,  both  in  regard  of  those  that  are  within  or  without,  no 
way  slighting  our  sister  churches,  but  using  their  counsel  as  need  shall 
be :  nor  laying  a  stumbling  block  before  any,  no  not  the  Indians,  whose 
good  we  desire  to  promote,  and  so  to  converse,  as  we  may  avoid  the  very 
appearance  of  evil. 

7.  We  hereby  promise  to  carry  ourselves  in  all  lawful  obedience  to 
those  that  are  over  us,  in  chui-ch  or  common  weal,  knowing  how  well 
pleasing  it  will  be  to  the  Lord,  that  they  should  have  encouragement  in 
their  places  by  our  not  grieving  their  spirits  through  our  irregularities. 

8.  We  resolve  to  approve  ourselves  to  the  Lord  in  our  particular 
callings,  shunning  idleness  as  the  bane  of  any  state,  nor  will  we  deal 
hardly,  or  oppressingly,  with  any,  wherein  we  are  the  Lord's  stewards : 
also, 

9.  Promising  to  our  best  ability,  to  teach  our  children  and  servants  the 
knowledge  of  God  and  his  will,  that  they  may  serve  him  also ;  and  all 
this,  not  by  any  strength  of  our  own,  but  by  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ, 
whose  blood  we  desire  may  sprinkle  this  our  covenant  made  in  his 
name." 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  persons  who  signed  this 
covenant  and  were  gathered  into  a  church  on  the  19th  of  July. 


John  Nutting, 
Benj.  Pickman, 
Joshua  Ward, 
Samuel  West, 
E.  A.  Ilolyoke, 
John  Laukford, 
James  Gould, 


William  Browne, 
Samuel  Holraan, 
Benj.  Pickman,  Jr. 

Love  Pickman, 
Katharine  Sargent, 
Elizabeth  Nutting, 


Sarah  Curwen, 
Susannah  Grafton, 
Mary  Grafton, 
Priscilla  Hopes, 
Sarah  Gardner, 
Elizabeth  Field, 
Priscilla  Field, 


158 


THE    CHURCH. 


Hannah  Watts, 
Eutli  Holman, 
Hannah  Symonds, 
Elizabeth  Symonds, 
Abigail  West, 
Elizabeth  Holman, 
Elizabeth  Archer, 
Mary  Blaney. 
Elizabeth  Newhall, 
Jane  Ropes, 


Mehilable  Cook, 
Mary  Cox, 
Mary  Grant, 
Bethiah  Hack, 
Mary  Holman, 
Mary  Archer, 
Eunice  Crowninshield, 
Mary  Glover, 
Martha  Morong, 
Sarah  Lankford. 


Mary  Pickraan, 
Mary  Gill, 
Mary  West, 
Sarah  Cook, 
Hannah  Chapman, 
Hannah  Gillingham, 
Elizabeth  Lunt, 
Mary  West, 
Sarah  Foster, 
Lydia  Jane, 
Mehitable  Ward, 

It  was 

Voted,  On  the  day  that  the  church  was  formed  "  That  if  any 
person  of  sober  life  and  conversation  incline  to  join  us  previous 
to  the  settlement  of  a  minister,  they  may  be  admitted  by  mani- 
festing tlieir  desire  to  the  brethren,  and  obtaining  their  consent, 
and  subscribing  to  the  foregoing  covenant." 

Agreeably  to  this  vote  the  following  persons  became  members 
by  signing  the  covenant  within  the  time  prescribed. 


Samuel  Curwen, 
Abigail  Curwen, 
Erancis  Cabot, 
James  King, 
William  Vans, 
Richard  Ward, 
David  Mason,* 
Henry  Rust, 
Eleazer  Moses, 
Jonathan  Gavit, 
William  Paine, 
Sarah  Kimball, 


Lydia  King, 
Elizabeth  King, 
Lydia  King,  Jr., 
Sarah  Pickman, 
Mehitable  Ward, 
Abial  Bright, 
Sarah  Curwen,  Jr., 
Margaret  Dauiell, 
Sarah  Pickering, 
Lois  Barnard,! 
Lydia  Chapman, 
Lydia  Rust, 


Thomas  Barnard,  Jr., 
Rebecca,  servant  of  Mr. 

Ebeuezcr  Ward, 
Rebecca  Bickford, 
Martha  Gavit, 
Jacob  Ashton," 
Susanna,  Ashton, 
Mary  Symonds, 
Jonathan  Goodhue, 
Elizabeth  Giles. 


The  record  of  admissions  to  the  church  from  the  ordination  of 
Mr.  Barnard  to  the  year  1836,  when  the  society  left  their  first 
meeting  house,  is  here  given.     Mr.  Barnard  did  not  record  the 


*  "  Dismissed  from  Dr.  Boyles  church.  Boston." 

jlf  Mrs.  Barnard  was  received  into  tlie  church  in  1772,  it  must  have  been  as  Lois 
Gardner,  as  her  marriage  witli  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard  did  not  talie  phice  till  May  31st  of  the 
following  year.  Her  name,  however,  is  found  among  those  who  signed  the  covenant 
previous  to  the  settlement  of  a  minister. 


THE  CHURCH. 


159 


dates  of  admission  ; 

some  of  them  indefin 

the  marks  of  care,  an 

trustworthy. 

Hannah  War.l, 
Francis  Skerry, 
Ann  Johnston, 
William  Pickman, 
Elizabeth  Syinonds, 
Margaret  Synionds, 
Benjamin  Symonds, 
Martha  Allcutt, 
William  West, 
Elizabeth  Symonds, 
Sarah  Ward, 
Elizabeth  Tiuk, 
Eunice  Symonds, 
Nathaniel  Holmai), 
Hannah  Holmau, 
Robert  Alcock, 
Elizabeth  Alcock, 
Abigail  Bromtield, 
Elizabeth  liavell, 
Eunice  Glover, 
Mary  King, 
Samuel  King, 
Elizabeth  Cook, 
Betty  Ingalls, 
Isaac  Wliite, 
Sarah  White, 
CjEsar — "  a  black  man, 
Susannah  Gerrish, 
Dorothy  Goodhue, 
Sarah  Hastie, 
Hannah  Lampriel, 
Elizabeth  Dodge, 
Lydia  Grafton, 
Lydia  Skerry, 
Mary  Ingersoll, 
Hilty  Williams, 
Elizabeth  Pickraau, 
Caleb  Smith, 
Sarah  Palfray, 
Mercy  Smith, 


some  later  hand  has  supjilied  various  dates, 
ite,  beginning  witli  the  year  1  790  ;  they  bear 
d  may  be  taken,  it  is  believed,  as  in  the  main, 


Hopestill  Hardy, 
Lydia  Gray. 
Benjamin  Watkins, 
Warwick  Palfray, 
Ann  Watkins, 
Samuel  Field, 


Sarah  Leonard, 
Margarel  Hi  Her, 
Angier  M'Intirc, 
Mary  M'Intire, 
Mercy  Gibbs  Frost, 
Mary  Brewer, 


Benjamin  Goodhue,  Jun., Margaret  Ilolyoke, 


Kachel  Forrester, 
Mary  Goodale, 
Henry  Gibbs, 
Mercy  Gil)bs. 
Samuel  M'Intire, 
Elizabeth  M'Intire, 
Judith  King, 
Sarah  Dorton, 
Habakkuk  Bowditcli, 
Maiy  Bowditch, 
Lois  Phippeu, 
Mary  Skerry, 
Mary  West, 
Elizabeth  Henderson, 
Lydia  Needham, 


Sally  Kiiiglit, 
Joseph  llillcr, 
Jonathan  Herrick, 
William  Herrick, 
Elizabeth  Herrick, 
Joseph  M'Intire, 
Mehitable  Earvin, 
Mary  Andrew, 
Sarah  Phippen, 
George  Earvin, 
Susannah  Johnston, 
Sarah  Bust, 
Sarah  M'Intyre, 
James  Nichols, 
Rebecca  Pierce, 


Nathaniel  Symonds,  Jim.  Sarah  Lander, 


Jacob  Sanderson, 
Catherine  Sanderson, 
P^lijah  Sanderson, 
'  Mary  Sanderson, 
p]lizabeth  Si'monds, 
Mary  Austin, 
Sarah  Hales, 
Elizabeth  Dabney, 
Elizabeth  Gavett, 
Jean  Skerry, 
Mercy  Ashbe, 
Eliza  Benson, 
Mary  Andrew, 
Eunice  Sampson, 
Mary  Ashton,  Jun., 
Abigail  Downing, 
Eliza  M'Coomb, 


Nabby  Ward, 
Eliza  Carlton, 
Warwick  Palfray, 
Sarah  Gavett, 
Jonathan  Gavett,  Jun., 
Ruth  Holmau,  Jun., 
Lydia  Rust, 
Mehitable  Andrew, 
Margaret  Ropes, 
Hannah  Frye, 
Katliarine  Millet, 
Austiss  Pickman. 

1790. 
Abigail  Mason  Dabney, 
Abigail  Northey, 
Lydia  Pope, 


160 


THE    CHURCH. 


1791  to  1795. 
Samuel  Holmau,  Jun., 
Eunice  Holman, 
Mary  Bowdltch, 
Isaac  Osgood, 
Hannah  Gardner, 
Abigail  Benson, 
Eliza  West, 
Sarah  Ward, 
Elizabeth  Symonds, 
Hannah  Killer, 
Dorcas  C.  Hiller, 
Margaret  Hiller, 
Mary  West, 
Sarah  Bacon, 
Charles  Cleveland, 
Mercy  Berry. 

1795. 
Edward  Brown, 
Mehitable  Ward, 
Mary  Henderson, 

Mary  Foster, 
Peggy  Millet. 

1796  to  1798. 
Eliza  Holman, 
Eliza  Peabody, 
William  Phippen, 
Anna  Phippen, 
Rebecca  T.  Osgood, 
Samuel  Putnam, 
Sarah  Putnam. 

1798. 
Sally  Archer, 
Joseph  Osgood,  Jun., 
Polly  Osgood, 
Mary  Pickraan, 
John  Sabin, 
Nathaniel  Foster, 
Lydia  Nichols, 
William  Ward, 
Nabby  Perkins. 


1799  to  1803. 
Mehitable  Carwick, 
Elizabeth  Gardner, 
Mercy  Walker, 
Benjamin  Pickman,  Jun 
Hannah  Clarke, 
Hannah  King, 
Content  Skerry, 
Lucy  Bright, 
Sarah  Emery, 
Elizabeth  Pickman, 
Sarah  Needham, 
Sally  Field, 
Sarah  Whittredge, 
Nathaniel  Knight, 
Polly  Goldthwait, 
Abigail  Very, 
Peggy  Sprague, 
Susanna  Ashton, 
Mary  Ashton, 
Mary  Andrews, 
John  Dabuey, 
Peggy  Symonds, 
Sukey  Grafton, 
Hannah  Seccomb, 
Benjamin  Fisk, 
Lydia  Fisk, 
Sarah  Swett, 
Martha  Wheatland, 
Mehitable  Purbeck, 
Sally  Nichols. 

1803  to  1807. 
Daniel  Clarke, 
Mary  Clarke, 
John  D.  Treadwell, 
Dorothy  Treadwell, 
Abigail  Brewer, 
Lydia  R.  Pierce, 
Lydia  Peele, 
Sally  Phippen, 
Ichabod  Nichols,  3d, 
Frances  Ashton, 
Margaret  Gerrish, 


Hannah  Cabot, 
Mary  Beckford, 
Mary  Allen, 
Thomas  C.  Cushing, 
Lois  Balch, 
Catharine  Andrew, 
Hannah  Taylor, 
Nancy  Mackey, 
Mehitable  Cleveland, 
Mary  Farrington, 
Betsey  Butman. 

1807  to  1809. 
Ichabod  Tucker, 
Rachel  Cushing, 
Abigail  Breed, 
Rebecca  M.  Dow, 
Polly  Fuller, 
Lydia  Dodge, 
Fanny  Cabot, 
Lucy  Cabot, 
Joseph  Sprague, 
Lydia  Bryant, 
Bartholomew  Putnam, 
Lucia  Swett, 
Polly  Boutman, 
John  Fairfield,  Jun., 
Martha  Fairfield, 
Benjamin  R.  Nichols, 
Elizabeth  Andrews. 

1809. 
Martha  H.  Tucker, 
Sarah  Mars  ton, 
Ruth  Gray, 
Eliza  G.  Dabney, 
Frances  Swett, 
Sarah  Grant, 
Gideon  Tucker. 

1810  to  1813. 
Oliver  Parsons, 
Rachel  Forrester, 
Benjamin  Peirce, 


THE  CHURCH. 


161 


Hitty  Osgood, 
Sarah  C.  Brousdou, 
Sally  Newhall, 
Robert  Procter, 
Lydia  Trocter, 
Dudley  L.  Pickman, 
Catharine  Pickmau, 
Joseph  Peabody, 
Elizabeth  Peabody, 
Robert  F.  Cloutnian, 
Mary  Auu  Cloutman, 
Naucy  Davis  Gay, 
E.  Orne  Tucker, 
Susanna  Tucker, 
"William  Gibbs, 
Mercy  Gibbs, 
Mary  Shreve. 

1813  to  1815. 
Jonathan  P.  Saunders, 
Mary  Adams  Saunders, 
Abigail  Buttinton, 
Charlotte  S.  Forrester, 
Rebecca  Phippen, 
Jonathan  P.  Dabney, 
Mary  Nichols, 
Henrj'  Peirce, 
David  Nichols. 

1815. 
John  Emery  Abbot, 
Robert  Emery, 
Margaret  G.  Emery, 
Rebecca  Sutton, 
Sarah  Beckford, 
Sarah  Ashton, 
Anna  Ashton, 
Leverett  Saltonstall, 
Mary  Eliz.  Saltonstall, 
Thomas  Cole, 
Hannah  Lucas  Cole, 
Abiel  Chandler, 
Elizabeth  Endicott, 
Anna  Dodge, 
Caroline  Plummer. 


L.  Rawlins  Pickman, 
C.  Gaytou  Pickman. 

1816. 
Abigail  Frye, 
Elizabeth  Phillips, 
Nancy  F.  Barstow, 
Charlotte  Saunders, 
Lydia  Sanderson, 
Sarah  Roberts, 
Eliza  Sanderson, 
Thomas  Pickman, 
Sophia  Pickman, 
Nathaniel  Peabody, 
Elizabeth  Peabody. 

1817. 
George  Nichols, 
Sarah  H.  Ropes, 
Elizabeth  Cole, 
Hannah  Putnam, 
Louisa  Putnam, 
Elizabeth  D.  Pickman, 
Maria  Rea, 
Sarah  Holman, 
Abigail  Webber, 
Mary  Cook, 
Abigail  Spencer. 

1819. 
Francis  Gerrish. 

1820. 
Martha  Pickman, 
John  Brazer. 

1821. 
Mehitable  M'lntire, 
Amos  Clark, 
Pamela  Clark, 
Betsy  W.  Dodge, 
Sarah  Moses, 
Martha  Gale, 
Elizabeth  Gushing, 
Elizabeth  Hathorne, 


Nancy  Andrews, 
Samuel  Gerrish, 
Rachel  Barton, 
Margaret  O.  Endicott, 
Ruth  Henderson, 
Margaret  Oliver, 
Abby  Oliver, 
Anne  W.  Brazer, 
Alice  Punchard, 
Frederick  Howes, 
Elizabeth  Howes, 
Lydia  Snelling. 

1822. 
Eliza  Amelia  White, 
Sally  Bulson, 
Martha  Gavett, 
Lydia  Richardson, 
Mehitable  Neal, 
Hannah  Endicott, 
Hannah  L.  Burchmore, 
Nancy  W.  Bell. 

1823. 
Sarah  Chandler, 
Sally  Chandler, 
Elizabeth  Burnham, 
Sarah  P.  Nichols, 
Elizabeth  Kimball, 
Mary  T.  Peabody, 
Lydia  R.  Nichols, 
Eliza  H.  Bott, 
Sally  G.  Procter, 
Lydia  R.  Treadwell, 
Gideon  Barstow, 
Mary  B.  Osgood, 
Elizabeth  Churchill, 
Jane  Shillaber, 
Catharine  Kimball. 

1824. 
Ruth  Driver, 
Lydia  Ward, 
Rebecca  Frye, 
Lydia  Cheever, 


162 


THE    CHURCH. 


Archelaus  Rea, 
Susan  Potter, 
Maiy  Jane  Page, 
Martha  Peabody, 
Eliza.  W.  Brookhouse, 
Andrew  Bowers, 
Catharine  Hathorne, 
Joseph  Goss, 
Harriet  Endicott, 
Eliza  H.  Mansfleld, 
Harriet  Mansfield, 
Elizabeth  Frye, 
Eauny  Bowers, 
Susannah  Hathorne, 
Sally  Knight, 
Mary  Knight. 

1825. 
Benjamin  Shillaber, 
Joanna  Payson, 
Lydia  Gavett, 
Mary  Beckford, 
Hannah  Symonds, 
Mary  J.  Andrews, 
Susan  Bufl'um, 
Lucy  G.  Ives, 
Augustus  Choate, 
Elizabeth  West, 
Mary  Jane  Scobie, 
Sarah  Bufl'um, 
Lydia  Scobie, 
E.  A.  Holyoke,  Juu., 

1826. 
Elizabeth  West, 
Abigail  P.  West, 
Elijah  Fuller, 
Daniel  Bray,  Jun., 
Mary  Bray, 
Lucy  C.  Putnam, 
Priscilla  Archer, 
Elizabeth  Pearson, 
Eliza  Endicott, 
Maria  Osgood, 
Sally  Webb, 


Susan  H.  King, 
Eliza  Felt, 

Francis  Ames  Bowers, 
Frances  P.  Bowers, 
Ann  M.  B.  Gale. 

1827. 
Charles  Hofl'man, 
Anstiss  D.  Rogers, 
Richard  Wheatland, 
Sophia  Peabody, 
Anne  Savage, 
Isabel  Page, 
Nancy  Chamberlain, 
Mary  Goldthwaite, 
Sarah  Ormond, 
Mary  Crawford  Wells, 
Catherine  Brown, 
Eliza  Chadwick  Bridges, 
Elizabeth  Perkins. 

1828. 
Mary  Wells, 
Mercy  Roche, 
Allen  Putnam,  Jr., 
Sarah  Osgood, 
Lydia  Maria  Buxton, 
Mary  Anne  Putnam. 

1829. 
Mary  Page, 
Harriet  F.  Peabody, 
Clarissa  Peabody, 
Elizabeth  Joplin, 
David  Cummins, 
M.  F.  Cummins, 
Lydia  Whipple, 
Martha  T.  Luscorab, 
Amelia  M.  Payson, 
Charles  M.  Endicott, 
Sarah  R.  Endicott. 

1830. 
Caleb  Foote, 
Joseph  Felt, 


Sarah  A  Shillaber, 
Sarah  G.  Putnam, 
Margaret  P.  Dabney, 
Mary  L.  Cloutman, 
Susan  W.  Osgood. 

1831. 
Lydia  L.  Cloutman, 
Elizabeth  C.  Cook, 
E.  H.  Payson, 
Margaret  Savage. 

1882. 
Rebecca  Farnham, 
Susan  L.  Whittredge, 
Mary  Chandler, 
Elizabeth  Dodge, 
Elizabeth  Cummings, 
Judith  Dean, 
Martha  B.  Jelly, 
Lydia  Owen, 
Sarah  Pearson. 

1833. 
Mary  F.  Nichols, 
Martha  B.  Webster, 
Frances  G.  Ashton, 
Elizabeth  Carlton, 
Margaret  Sprague, 
Elizabeth  Page, 
Hannah  Herrick. 

1834. 
Helen  Ruee, 
Elizabeth  Redding, 
Elizabeth  Wheatland, 
Sally  Frye, 
Charlotte  Ingalls. 

1835. 
Harriet  S.  Dodge, 
E.  T.  Brookhouse, 
Sarah  King, 
Mary  Ann  B.  Ward, 
Laura  W.  Sprague, 


TlIK    CHURCH.  1()3 

Hannah  V.  Frye,  Ann  Bowdon  Freeman,  1830. 

Ruth  S.  S.  Bott,  Icliabod  Nichols.  Sophia  Jane  Burnham, 

Clarissa  Balch,  Jane  Lakenian. 

OFFICERS    OF   THE    CHURCH. 

From  quite  an  early  period  tlie.  New  P^nglaml  olmrelies  were 
accustomed  to  liave  un  order  of  ollicers,  intermediate  in  autliority 
•  and  dignity,  between  the  ministers  and  deacons,  called  Ruling 
Elders.  They  assisted  the  ministers  in  their  pastoral  duties,  and 
were  naturall}-  their  chief  advisers  among  the  hut}-.  The  North 
Church  followed  the  custom  of  the  Mother  Church,  and  at  its 
organization  chose  two  Ruling  Eiders,  the  usual  number.  The 
last  election  of  a  member  to  this  office  was  in  1826.  The  fol- 
lowing i^ersons  were  successively  chosen  Ruling  Elders. 

John  Nutting,  chosen  Aug.  20,  1772,  died  May  20,  1790. 

Josliua  Ward,  "  "      "      "         "     Dec.  29,  1779. 

Edward  A.  Holyoke,      "       Jan.  12,  1873,     "     Mch.  81,  1829. 
Samuel  Holman,  "       Nov.  10,  1793,     "     Nov.  24,  1825. 

Jacob  Ashton,  "       Feb.   7,  1S2G,     "     Dec.  28,  1829. 

The  following  persons  were  successively  chosen  to  till  the  office 
of  Deacon  in  the  church. 

James  Gould,  chosen  Aug.  20,  1772,  dismissed  Jan.    [>,  1783.* 

Samuel  Holman,  "  "       "       "      died  Nov.   24,  1825.t 

Jacob  Sanderson,  "  Jan.  31,  1785,       "  Feb.    12,  1810. 

Elijah  Sanderson,  "  Dec.  22,  1814,       "  Feb.    10,1825. 

Edward  Brown,  "  "       "       "          "  June  10,  1844. 

Thomas  Cole,  "  Sept.     1,1825,       "  June  24,  1852. 

Edward  A.  Holyoke,  "  Mch.   28,  1848,      "  Dec.    19,  1855.  J 

Daniel  Bray,  "  "      "       "          "  Feb.   24,  1850. 

In  late  years  those  who  have  acted  as  deacons  have  declined 
the  office  and  title,  but  have  consented  temporarily  to  fulfil  its 
duties.  Edward  H.  Payson  and  Caleb  P^oote  have  thus  s<n'ved 
the  church  most  acceptabl}'  for  many  j'ears. 

*  At  his  own  request. 

t  For  tliirty-two  years  Samuel   Holman  bekl  tlie  offices,  both,  of  Iluling  Elder  and 
Deacon. 
t  In  Syracuse,  New  York. 


164  THE    CHURCH. 

William  Browne  was  chosen  the  first  "Scribe"  or  clerk  of  the 
church,  Aug.  3,  1772,  and  performed  the  duties  of  the  office  till 
the  settlement  of  Mr.  Barnard. 

Rev.  Mr.  Barnard  acted  as  clerk  during  his  ministry ;  and  after 
his  death,  Ichabod  Tucker,  Esq.,  was  chosen  clerk,  Oct.  31,  1814, 
and  held  the  office  till  1840  or  later. 

Charles  M.  Endicott  was  chosen  clerk  Oct.  1,  1842,  and  con- 
tinued in  the  office  till  1856  or  later,  there  being  no  record  of  his 
resignation. 

Henry  M.  Brooks  was  chosen  clerk  May  4,  1862,  and  still  holds 
the  oflBce. 

MINISTER'S  LIBRARY. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Abbot,  shortly  before  his  death,  placed  in  the 
hands  of  his  father  the  following  memorandum  : 

"  I  wish  to  leave  all  the  books  which  are  marked  in  my  Cata- 
logue, to  the  North  Society  for  the  use  of  their  Pastor  for  the 
time  being.  In  this  way  I  hope  that  when  I  shall  speak  to  my 
beloved  people  no  more,  I  may  still,  in  a  remote  manner,  be  doing 
good  to  them  and  to  their  children." 

The  books  thus  given  for  the  use  of  the  minister  numbered  one 
hundred  and  sixty- eight  volumes,  many  of  them  of  high  cost,  and 
at  the  time  standard  works.  Some  of  them  have  a  less  relative 
value  now,  having  been  superseded  by  later  biblical  studies  and 
an  ever-advancing  learning. 

The  principle  upon  which  the  selection  was  made  was  evi- 
dently that  the  collection  should  contain  for  his  successors'  use 
the  choicest  books  of  his  library.  Subsequently,  considerable 
additions  were  made  to  this  library,  principally  by  purchase, 
during  the  ministry  of  Dr.  Brazer.  For  many  years  additions 
have  nearly  ceased. 


THE  CHURCH.  165 

THE  SUNDAY  SCHOOL. 

The  Sunday  School  vras  organized  in  June,  1828.  It  was  the 
earliest  formed  of  the  Sunday  Schools  connected  with  the  Unita- 
rian churches  of  the  town,  though  such  schools  were  already  com- 
mon in  churches  of  other  denominations.  It  was  not  at  first 
looked  upon  with  favor  b}'  a  large  part  of  the  society.  Indeed 
the  opposition  to  it  was  such  that  some  would  not  allow  their 
pews  to  be  used  b}^  Sunday  School  classes.  It  began  with  thirty 
scholars.  For  three  years  its  expenses  (chiefly  the  cost  of  books) 
were  borne  by  Mr.  Leverett  Saltonstall,  the  superintendent,  Mr. 
Francis  Choate,  his  assistant,  and  acting  superintendent  in  the 
periods  of  his  absence,  and  Rev.  Dr.  Brazer ;  Mr.  Saltonstall 
contributed  one  hundred  dollars,  Mr.  Choate  more  than  fifty  dol- 
lars, and  Dr.  Brazer  a  smaller  sum.  A  subscription  taken  after- 
wards to  reimburse  these  expenses  amounted  to  seven  dollars  !  So 
great  was  Mr.  Saltonstall's  interest,  and  so  devoted  his  service, 
that  during  one  of  his  summer  recesses  spent,  at  Haverhill,  he  was 
accustomed  to  ride  down  to  Salem  in  his  gig,  a  distance  of  about 
twenty  miles  to  attend  the  Sunday  services  of  the  church,  and  to 
discharge  his  duties  as  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School.  He 
continued  to  fill  this  office  for  eleven  years,  and  brought  the  school 
to  a  high  prosperity  as  to  numbers,  interest  and  usefulness.  He 
may  be  said,  in  fact,  to  have  been  its  founder,  since  the  conclu- 
sion of  the  pastor,  and  such  as  he  consulted  before  entering  on 
the  enterprise,  was  that,  in  view  of  the  discouragements  and  preju- 
dices which  beset  it,  if  Mr.  Saltonstall  would  consent  to  become 
the  superintendent,  the  experiment  might  be  expected  to  succeed, 
otherwise  not. 

Singing  was  not  introduced  into  its  exercises  till  1829. 


166  THE    CHURCH. 

The  following  gentlemen,  so  far  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  have 
been  superintendents  of  the  school. 

1.  Leverett  Saltonstall,  1828  to  1838. 

2.  Traucis  Clioate,*  assistant  superintendent  from  1828  to  1838. 

3.  Thomas  Barnard  West,  from  Dec,  1838,  to  May,  1840. 

4.  Thomas  Cole,  from  1840  to  1842. 

5.  Edward  A.  Holyoke,  from  Oct.  1842  to  1844,  and  probably  longer. 

6.  George  Wheatland,  from  1847  (?)  to  1849.  (?) 

7.  George  B.  Loring,  from  1852  to  1854.  • 

8.  0.  B.  Frothiugham,  11.  Solomon  Lincoln,  Jr. 

9.  Andrew  B.  Almon,  12.  John  R.  Lakeman, 
10.  William  F.  Nichols,  13.  E.  B.  Willson. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  RECORDS,  AND  NOTES. 

1772,  Dec.  14.  "Publick  Thanksgiving,  December  3.  Contributed 
£16—5—4.     L.  M.  T." 

1773,  Jan.  11.  Voted,  "That  the  church  recommend  to  Mr.  Barnard 
to  have  a  monthly  lecture,  if  it  is  agreeable  to  the  proprietors  and  they 
will  attend." 

1773,  Feb.  26.  Voted,  unanimously,  "  That  members  be  admitted  to  our 
communion  for  the  future  by  signing  personally,  in  presence  of  the  min- 
ister or  one  of  the  elders,  the  covenant  which  the  church  first  entered 
into,  instead  of  having  it  propounded  to  them  publickly." 

1773,  3Iay  25.  Voted,  "That  there  should  be  public  catechising  in  the 
meeting  house." 

1773,  3Iay  25.  Voted,  "  That  there  should  be  a  monthly  lecture  on  the 
Wednesday  preceding  the  sacrament  to  begin  at  three  in  the  afternoon 
through  the  summer  months,  and  at  two  through  the  winter. 

1793,  Nov.  10.  The  church  voted  unanimously  that  the  minister  might 
administer  the  ordinance  of  baptism  in  private  houses  on  "  application 
from  adults,  or  from  parents  entitled  to  baptism  according  to  the  votes  of 
this  church,  in  behalf  of  their  children,"  "not  less  than  two  brethren  of 
the  church," beside  the  minister,  being  present;  the  church  "being  of  the 
opinion  that  neither  the  precepts  of  the  gospel,  nor  the  practice  of  the 
apostles  are  repugnant  to  such  a  mode  of  administration."  Nevertheless 
this  church  "recommend  when  health  will  permit  that  the  administration 

*  Mr.  C.  was  associated  with  Mr.  Saltonstall,  in  tlie  superintendency,  during  this  time, 
and  to  him  the  school  was  indebted  for  many  years  of  genei-ous  and  devoted  service. 


THE  CHURCH.  1(57 

of  this  oixlinancc  be  performed  in  the  usual  publick  mauuer  agreeable  to 
the  laudable  practice  of  the  churches  iu  New  England." 

1807,  Sept.  15.  The  usage  having  been,  when  the  church  sent  its  pastor 
and  delegates  abroad  as  its  representatives  in  ordaining  councils,  or  other- 
wise, that  the  expense  was  borne  by  the  delegate,  or  delegates  accora- 
panjing  the  pastor,  the  church  voted  that  henceforth  such  expenses  should 
be  paid  from  the  funds  of  the  church. 

1815,  Feb.  5.  Voted,  "That  the  morning  service  in  future  begin  with 
singing  instead  of  the  short  prayer." 

1815,  June  2.  Voted,  "  That  the  Covenant  be  now  altered  by  strilving 
out  of  the  first  section  the  words,  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Ghost." 

1818,  rec.  15.  Voted,  "  That  in  future  the  Lord's  Supper  be  celebrated 
in  this  church  on  the  last  sabbath  iu  each  month." 

1824,  Jan.  20.  It  was  voted  that  half  the  income  of  the  church,  and 
half  of  the  monthly  contributions  (after  the  cost  of  maintaining  the  com- 
munion table)  should  be  committed  to 'the  pastor  to  be  distributed  among 
the  poor  of  the  church,  and  the  other  half  reserved  by  the  deacons  for 
contingent  expenses. 

1824,  Dec.  8.  It  is  recorded  that  Dr.  Edward  A.  Ilolyoke  and  Samuel 
Holman,  "ciders  of  the  church"  were  "the  only  male  jnembei's  of  the 
church  living,  who  were  members  of  the  First  Church  in  1772,  when, 
with  others,  they  were  dismissed  from  the  First  Church,  and  formed  the 
North  Church." 

1830,  Jan.  12.  In  closing  the  record  of  an  invitation  to  send  delegates 
to  an  ordination,  the  clerk,  Ichabod  Tucker,  Esq.,  appends  the  following : 
"  Memo.  Why  are  not  communications  like  the  foregoing  made  to  the 
society  as  well  as  to  the  church?" 

1846,  Dec.  26.  A  "  committee  of  charity  "  was  appointed  to  distribute 
the  charities  of  the  church  ("  as  the  office  of  deacon  is  now  vacant "),  and 
to  officiate  until  such  time  as  the  church  shall  elect  suitable  persons  to  fill 
said  office  of  deacons." 

1847,  July  4.  "It  was  voted  unanimously  on  motion  of  Mr.  Frederic 
Howes,  that  the  pastor  be  requested  to  ofier  to  the  society  on  communion 
Sundays  the  following  invitation :  All  present  who  are  desirous  of  a 
closer  communion  with  Christ  are  invited  to  remain,  and  join  with  the 
church  in  celebrating  the  Lord's  Supper." 

1848,  Mch.  28.  A  proposal  to  change  the  time  of  communion  to  the  after- 
noon, and  to  have  the  observance  less  frequent,  though  presented  and 
favored  by  the  pastor,  was  not  approved  by  a  majority  of  the  church. 


^l  I  N  I  ST  ER  S, 


MEETING    HOUSES, 


BRIEF    ]STOTrCES 


Proprietors  of  the  First  House. 

BT 

HENRY   WHEATLAND. 

11  (169) 


MINISTEES. 


Thomas  Barnard,  D.D.,  ordained  Jan.  13,  1773;  died  Oct.  1,  1814. 
John  Emery  Abbot,  ordained  April  20,  1815;  died  Oct.  7,  1819. 
JohnBrazer,  D.D.,  ordained  Nov.  14,  1820;  diedFeb.  26,  1846. 
Octavius  Broolis  Frothingham,  ordained  Marcli.  10,  1847 ;  resigned  April 
9,  1855. 
Charles  Lowe,  installed  Sept.  27,  1855 ;  resigned  July  28,  1857. 
Edmund  Burke  Willson,  installed  June  5,  1859. 


(170) 


REV.  THOMAS  BARNARD,  Jr. 


Thomas  Barnard,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Newbury,  Feb.  5,  1748; 
graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  17GG  ;  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  Williams  of  Bradford,  afterwards  professor  in  Harvard  Col- 
lege. In  1794  he  received  the  title  of  D.D.,  from  the  Universities 
of  Edinburgh  and  Providence.  His  father,  an  uncle,  a  grand- 
father, and  great-grandffither,  had  all  been  preachers.  Francis  Bar- 
nard, his  first  American  ancestor,  settled  in  Iladley.  Francis  had  a 
son  Thomas,  settled  in  the  ministry  at  Andover.  The  last  named 
had  a  son  John,  who  succeeded  him  in  his  parish.  This  John  had 
two  sous,  one  of  whom,  Edward,  settled  over  a  Society  in  Ha- 
verhill, and  the  other,  Thomas,  over  a  Society  in  Newbury,  and 
afterwards  over  the  First  Church  in  Salem.  Thomas,  Jr.,  of  the 
North  Church  was  his  son.  The  father,  Thomas,  Sr.,  was  reported 
an  Arminian,  or,  perhaps  a  Semi-Arian  of  Dr.  Clarke's  school. 
He  left  Newbury  on  account  of  opposition  from  the  friends  of 
Whitfield ;  studied  and  practised  law  after  his  dismission ;  but 
afterwards  returned  to  the  ministrj'-  and  was  settled  at  Salem, 
Sept.  18,  1755.  He  died  Aug.  15,  177G.  He  was  "a  man  of 
superior  talents  and  acquirements,  and  of  excellent  character :" 
much  beloved  by  his  society  here,  and  "  highly  esteemed  by  the 
public,"  says  Felt.  "  His  manner  of  preaching  was  grave,  slow 
and  distinct,"  says  Dr.  Eliot.  He  "had  not  sufficient  animation 
in  his  delivery,  but  his  sermons  were  rational  and  judicious,  calcu- 
lated for  hearers  of  thoughtful  minds."  It  was  observed  by  men 
of  good  sense  that  his  style  was  not  the  most  perspicuous.    Bishop 

(171) 


172 


MINISTERS. 


Butler  was  his  favorite  author.  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  Jr.,  was 
ruarried  to  Lois,  second  daughter  of  Samuel  and  Esther  (Orne) 
Gardner,  May  31,  1773.  He  died  suddenly,  Oct.  1,  1814.  His 
children  were  Thomas,  baptized  April  24,  1774;  Sally,  baptized 
Aug.  12,  1775,  married  Robert  Emery  and  died  Sept.  25,  1809. 

William  Pickman,  Henry  Gibbs,  Jacob  Ashton,  Benjamin  Good- 
hue, all  of  Salem,  were  college  classmates  of  Thomas  Barnard,  Jr., 
and  after  his  settlement  were  his  parishioners. 

The  following  is  believed  to  be  a  list,  nearly,  if  not  quite 
complete,  of  the  published  sermons  and  addresses  of  Rev.  Dr. 
Barnard. 

Sermon  at  the  ordination  of  Rev.  Aaron  Bancroft  iu  Worcester,  Feb.  1, 
1786.     8vo.     Worcester.     178G. 

Sermon  before  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  company,  June  1, 
1789.     8vo.     Boston.     1789. 

Sermon  before  the  Convention  of  Ministers,  May  30,  1793.  8vo.  Bos- 
ton.    1793. 

Discourse  before  the  Massachusetts  Humane  Society,  June  19,  1794. 
8vo.    Boston.     1794. 

Thanksgiving  Sermon,  Feb.  19,  1795.     8vo.     Salem.     1795. 

Dudleian  Lecture  Sermon  at  Harvard  College,  Sept.  3,  1795.  8vo 
Boston.     1795. 

Fast  Day  Sermon,  March  31,  1796.     8vo.     Salem.     1796. 

Thanksgiving  Sermon,  Dec.  15,  1790.     8vo.     Salem.     1796. 

Sermon  on  the  death  of  Washington,  Dec.  29,  1799.    8vo.    Salem.    1799. 

Right  Hand  of  Fellowship  at  the  ordination  of  Rev.  S.  Dana  iu  Marble- 
head,  Oct.  7,  1801. 

Charge  at  the  ordination  of  Rev.  H.  May  iu  Marblehead,  June  23,  1803. 

Sermon  before  the  Salem  Female  Charitable  Society,  July  6,  1803.  8vo. 
Salem.     1803. 

Charge  at  the  installation  of  J.  S.  Popkin  in  Newbury,  Sept.  19,  1804. 

Discourse  before  the  Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  among  the 
Indians,  Nov.  6,  1806.     8vo.     Charlestown.     1806. 

Sermon  at  the  ordination  of  Rev.  Ichabod  Nichols  iu  Portland,  June  7, 
1809.     8vo.     Portland.     1809. 

Sermon  before  the  Bible  Society  of  Salem  and  vicinity,  April  20,  1814. 
8vo.     Salem.     1814. 

Sermon  on  the  death  of  Rev.  Dr.  Payson,  January  11,  1801. 


u 


REV.  JOIIX  E:\rERY  ABBOT. 


Rev.  John  Emery  Abbot,  born  at  Exeter^  New  Hampshire,  Aug. 

6,  1793,  graduated  at  Bowdoiu  College  in  1810,  with  ropulation. 
After  leaving  college  he  comuienced  his  preparation  for  tlie  min- 
istry' partl}-^  at  the  University  in  Cambridge  and  partly  under  the 
direction  of  Rev.  W.  E.  Channing  of  Boston.  He  was  ordained 
Pastor  of  the  North  Church  April  20th,  1815  ;  died  at  Exeter,  Oct. 

7,  1819,  unmarried,  after  a  long  illness. 

His  father,  Benjamin  Abbot,  LL.D.,  was  born  at  Andover,  Mass., 
Sept.  17,  17G2  ;  graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1788,  died  at  Ex- 
eter, New  Hampshire,  Oct.  25,  1849  ;  was  for  more  thau  fift3'-  years 
the  distinguished  head  of  Phillips  (Exeter)  Academy,  a  position 
which  his  peculiar  qualifications  enabled  him  to  fill  with  great 
success — son  of  Capt.  John  and  Abigail  (Abbot)  Abbot  of  An- 
dover, Mass.,  who  lived  with  his  father,  enterprising  and  indus- 
trious, and  managed  the  ancestral  farm  -well  and  profitably  which 
had  descended  through  a  line  of  worthy  ancestors,  a  grandson 
of  Capt.  John  Abbot,  a  great-grandson  of  Deacon  John  Abbot, 
a  great-great-grandson  of  John,  and  a  great-great-great-grandson 
of  George,  the  venerable  progenitor  and  ancestor  of  a  numerous 
progeny,  who  emigrated,  as  tradition  reports,  from  Yorkshire, 
England,  about  1640,  and  was  among  the  first  settlers  of  Andover. 

His  mother,  Hannah  Trac}'^  Emery,  was  the  only  daughter  of 
John  and  Margaret  (Gookin)  Emery,  and  died  at  Exeter,  Dec.  6, 
1793,  aged  22,  a  granddaughter  of  Noah  and  Joanna  (Perryman) 
Emery. 

(173) 


174  MINISTERS. 

A  -volume  of  his  sermons,  with  a  memoir  of  his  life  by  Rev. 
Henry  Ware,  Jr.,  was  printed  at  Boston  in  1829  —  a  fitting  tribute 
to  his  memory.  His  ministry,  though  short,  is  remembered  as  one 
of  the  bright  spots  in  the  annals  of  this  church  and  society. 


lllbVuwr. 


REV.  JOHN  BRAZER,  D.D. 


Rev.  John  Brazer,  D.D,,  was  born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  Sept. 
21, 1789.  His  father,  Saranel  Brazer,  a  baker  in  Charlestown,  was 
bnrnt  out  when  the  British  destroyed  the  town  in  1775,  and  after- 
wards went  to  Worcester  and  established  his  baker}'  in  that  place. 

He  received  a  common  school  education  in  his  native  town. 
Influenced  by  the  express  wish  of  his  parents  he  entered  a  store 
in  Boston.  But  his  tastes  led  him  to  widely  different  pursuits,  and 
in  1810  he  entered  Harvard  College,  where  he  graduated  in  1813 
with  the  highest  honors  of  his  class.  In  1815  he  was  appointed 
tutor  in  Greek,  1817  to  1820  he  was  Professor  in  Latin,  ordained 
at  Salem,  Nov.  14,  1820,  and  labored  there  in  the  ministry  until 
his  death.  He  married  April  19,  1821,  Annie  Warren  Sever, 
daughter  of  William  and  Sarah  (AYarren)  Sever  of  Worcester. 
She  died  at  Salem,  Jan.  30,  1813,  aged  54. 

In    1836   he  delivered  the  Dudleian   Lecture  at  Harvard,  and 

received  the  honorary  degree  of  D.D.    In  January,  1846,  declining 

health  induced  him  to  ti7  the  effect  of  a  change  of  climate  ;  he 

went  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  died  at  the  plantation 

of  his  true  friend,  Dr.  Huger,  on  Cooper  River,  Feb.  26, 1846,  and 

although  in  a  land  of  strangers  he  received  from  them  the  kindest 

attention  that  a  tender  friendship,  assisted  by  high  medical  skill, 

could  give.     Children  : — 

1st.  Jlary  Chandler  Brazer,  born  July  13,  1823 ;  married  John  W.  Draper 

and  now  resides  in  Cambridge. 

2d.  John  Allen  Brazer  ) ,         „         „     

o^    XTT■^^■        o         -o  ^  > bom  Sept.  9,  1826. 

3rd.  William  Sever  Brazer*  )  ^        ' 

4th.  Anne  Warren  Brazer,  born  June  10,  1829 ;  married Ellis. 

5th.  Edward  Winslow,  born  Nov.  17, 1831 ;  d.  June  8, 1854,  at  Dorchester. 

*  W.  S.  graduated  Harvard  College,  in  1846;  died  at  West  Point,  17th  Aug.,  1849. 

(175) 


176  MINISTERS. 

The  following  discourses  unci  other  publications  of  Dr.  Brazer 
have  been  printed. 

A  Discourse  before  the  Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Christian  Educa- 
tion in  Harvard  University,  Aug.  28,  1825.     8vo.     Boston.     1825. 

Discourse  at  the  interment  of  E.  A.  Holyoke,  April  4,  1829.  8vo. 
Salem.     1829. 

Sermon  at  the  ordination  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Cole,  in  Kingston,  Jan.  21, 
1829.     8vo.     Salem.     1829. 

Power  of  Unitarianism  over  the  Affections  (Am.  Unit.  Association, 
Tracts,  1st.  ser..  No.  27).     1829. 

Biographical  Memoirs  of  Edwai'd  Augustus  Holyoke  (appended  to  a 
collection  of  his  writings).     1830. 

A  Sermon  on  the  value  of  the  Public  Services  of  our  Eeligion  (Liberal 
Preacher,  N.  S.,  vol.  1,  No.  2).     1832. 

The  Efficacy  of  Prayer  (in  the  Unitarian  Advocate).     1832. 

The  Same.     12mo.     Boston.     1832. 

The  Same,  reprinted  for  the  Am.  Unitarian  Association,  Tracts,  1st 
ser..  No.  88.     12mo.     Boston.     1834. 

A  Discourse  at  the  Installation  of  Rev.  Andrew  Bigelow,  in  Taunton, 
April  10,  1833.     8vo.     Cambridge.     1833. 

A  Dudleian  Lecture  at  Harvard  College,  May  13,  1835.  8vo.  Cam- 
bridge.    1835. 

Essay  on  the  docti'ine  of  Divine  Influence  on  the  Human  Soul.     1835. 

Address  before  the  Seaman's  Widow  and  Orphan  Association,  Dec.  25, 
1835.     8vo.     Salem.     1836. 

Introduction  to  "A  Good  Life,"  by  Thomas  Wright.  16mo.  Boston. 
1836. 

Sermon  on  the  Anniversary  of  Ordination,  Nov.  19,  1837.  8vo.  Salem. 
1837. 

The  Present  Darkness  of  God's  Providence.     8vo.     Boston.     1841. 

Notice  of  a  "  Collection  of  Hymns  for  the  Christian  Church  and  Home," 
by  the  Rev.  James  Flint  (in  the  Monthly  Miscellany).     1843. 

Discourse  Aug.  20,  1843,  on  the  death  of  Benjamin  Pickman.  8vo. 
Salem.     1843. 

A  Discourse  on  the  life  and  character  of  the  late  Leverett  Saltoiistall, 
May  18,  1845.     8vo.     Salem.     1845. 

A  volume  of  Sermons  published  after  his  death  :  with  a  memoir  by  his 
son  W.  S.  B.     12mo.     Boston.     1849. 

Besides  Dr.  Brazer  was  a  frequent  contributor  to  the  North  American 
Review  and  the  Christian  Examiner,  and  it  has  been  thought  that  some  of 
these  articles  displayed  more  culture,  learning,  and  ability  than  any  of  his 
separate  publications. 


W7M>a:^  Aa^^ 


REV.  OCTAVIUS  BROOKS  FROTIIINGIIAM. 


Rev.  Octavius  Brooks  FROTniNGnAM,was  born  in  Boston,  Nov. 
26, 1822.  Prepared  for  college  at  the  Latin  School  in  Boston,  and 
gradnated  at  Harvard  College,  in  the  class  of  1843.  His  father, 
was  Rev.  N.  L.  Frothingham,D.D.,  for  man}'  years  the  well  known 
Pastor  of  the  First  Church  in  Boston,  a  poet  and  writer  of  great 
merit.  Born  at  Boston,  July  23,  1793;  graduated  at  Harvard, 
1811;  died,  April  3,  1870.  His  mother,  Ann  Gorham,  was  a 
daughter  of  Hon.  Peter  Chardon  Brooks,  one  of  the  wealthiest  of 
the  sons  of  New  England.  Mr.  Frothingham  was  ordained  over 
the  North  Church,  March  10,  1847,  and  continued  in  the  ministry 
here  till  April  9,  1855,  when  he  resigned  his  charge  and  accepted 
the  pastorate  of  the  First  Unitarian  Church  in  Jersc}'  City,  where 
he  was  installed  Sept.  11, 1855.  In  1860  he  was  installed  over  the 
New  York  (city)  Third  Unitarian  Society.  Married,  March  23, 
1847,  in  Boston,  Caroline  E.  Curtis,  daughter  of  Caleb  Curtis, 
Esq.,  of  Boston. 

The  following  are  the  printed  sermons,  etc.,  by  Mr.  Frothing- 
ham. 

"The  New  Coininaudinent,"  a  discourse  June  4,  1854.  8vo.  Salem. 
1854. 

"  The  Eternal  Life,"  a  discourse  April  15,  1855.     8vo.     Salem.     1855. 

Discourse  at  the  Installation  of  Rev.  J.  K.  Karcher  in  Philadelphia,  Oct. 
5,  1859.     8vo.     Philadelphia.     1859. 

"  Tkeodore  Parker,"  a  sermon  in  New  York,  June  10,  18C0.  8vo.  Bos- 
ton.    18C0. 

"  Seeds  and  Shells,"  a  sermon  in  New  York,  Nov.  17,  18G1.  8vo.  New 
York.      18G2. 

Words  spoken  at  the  funeral  of  Robert  F.  Denyer,  Oct.  19,  1862. 

(177) 


178  MINISTERS. 

"Words  spoken  at  the  funeral  of  John  Hopper,  July  31,  1864.  8vo. 
New  York.     1864. 

"A  Plea  for  Frankness,"  a  sermon  in  New  York,  May  6,  1866.  12mo. 
New  York.     1866. 

"  Allegiance  and  Patronage,"  a  sermon  June  17,1866.  12mo.  New  York. 
1866. 

"Leaving  Home"  and  "Revelations,"  two  sermons  in  New  York,  Dec. 
9  and  16.     12mo.    New  York.     1866. 

"  Binding  and  Loosing,"  two  sermons.     ]2mo.     New  York.     1867. 

"  Eeligion  and  Common  Sense"  and  "The  Spirit  of  the  Times,"  sermons 
in  New  York,  Dec.  30  and  Jan.  13.     12mo.     New  York.     1867. 

"  The  Worship  of  Tools,"  a  sermon.     12mo.    New  York.     1868. 

"Experience  and  Hope,"  a  sermon.     12mo.     New  York.     1868. 

"The  Weightier  Matters  of  the  Law,"  a  sermon.  12mo.  New  York. 
1868. 

"Eeasonings  about  Faith,"  a  sermon.     12mo.     New  Yoi'k.     1868. 

"The  Lssue  Avith  Superstition,"  a  sermon  Sept.  18,  1870,  in  Lyric  Hall. 
12mo.    New  York.     1870. 

"The  Radical  Belief,"  a  discourse  in  Lyric  Hall,  Oct.  23,  1870.  12mo. 
New  York.     1870. 

"Personal  Independence," a  sermon  in  Lyric  Hall,  Oct.  30,  1870.  12mo. 
New  York.     1870. 

"The  Gospel  of  Character,"  a  sermon  in  Lyric  Hall.  12mo.  New 
York.     1871. 

"Prayer,"  a  sermon  in  Lyric  Hall,  Jan.  29,  1871.  12mo.  New  York. 
1871. 

"The  Lnmortalities  of  Man,"  a  discourse  in  Lyric  Hall,  April  9,  1871. 
12mo.     New  York.     1871. 

Colonization,  Anti-slavery  Tract,  No.  3. 

"Believing  Much  and  Believing  Little,"  "No.  5.  Tracts  for  the  Times.' 
12mo.     Albany.     1860. 

Sermon  before  the  Graduating  Class,  of  the  Forty-second  Annual  Visi- 
tation of  the  Divinity  School  of  Harvard  University.  8vo.  Cambridge. 
1868. 

"The  Unitarian  Convention  and  the  Times,"  a  Palm  Suuday  Sermon. 

"  The  Religion  of  Humanity."     1  vol.     New  York. 


CfiiX-U^^    CtloUiSL^ , 


EEV.  CHARLES  LOWE. 


Rev.  Charles  Lowe,  son  of  John  and  Ann  (Simes)  Lowe,  was 
born  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  Nov.  18,  1828.  In  1830  his 
parents  removed  to  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  where  they  now 
reside.  At  Phillips  Academy,  Exeter,  he  qualified  himself  for 
admission  to  Harvard  College,  from  which  he  graduated  in  the 
class  of  1847.  He  pursued  his  professional  studies  one  year 
with  Rev.  A.  P.  Peabody,  then  M^ent  to  Germany  and  studied 
one  year,  and  then  spent  a  year  in  travelling  in  Europe,  and  he 
was  appointed  tutor  in  Greek  and  Latin  at  Harvard  1850-51,  at 
the  same  time  was  connected  with  the  Divinity  school,  at  Cam- 
bridge, graduating  from  that  school  in  1851.  He  was  ordained  as 
colleague  Pastor,  with  Rev.  John  Weiss  of  the  Unitarian  Church 
in  New  Bedford,  July  28,  1852 ;  resigned  in  1854,  on  account  of 
ill  health.*  Installed  over  the  North  Church  Sept.  27,  1855,  and 
resigned  28th  July,  1857.  On  the  28th  of  May,  1859,  installed 
over  the  Congregational  Church  (Unitarian)  in  Somerville,  and 
after  a  successful  ministry  of  nearly  six  years,  was  again  com- 
pelled by  the  failure  of  his  health  to  withdraw  from  the  pastoral 
relation.  He  soon  became,  and  for  several  j-ears  continued  to 
be,  the  efficient  and  trusted  secretary  of  the  American  Unitarian 
Association. 

He  married  Sept.  16,  1857,  Martha  A.  daughter  of  the  late 
Justus  and  Hannah  (Wood)  Perry,  of  Keene,  New  Hampshire,  and 
is  now  with  his  family  in  Europe. 

♦This  cause  has  compelled  Iiini  several  times  afterwards  to  withdraw  for  a  time 
from  his  ministerial  duties. 

(179) 


180  MINISTERS. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  printed  sermons  and  other  publi- 
cations, by  Mr.  Lowe. 

"Death  of  President  Lincoln,"  a  sermon  in  Charleston,  Sonth  Carolina, 
April  23,  1865.     12mo.     Boston.     1865. 

"  The  Condition  and  Prospects  of  the  South,"  a  discourse  in  Somerville, 
June  4,  1865.     8vo.     Boston.     1865. 

A  Statement  in  regard  to  the  Position  and  Policy  of  the  American 
Unitarian  Association.     12mo.'    Boston.     1868. 

"Have  we  misrepi'esented  Orthodoxy?"  A  reply  to  strictures  in  the 
Boston  Recorder  and  elsewhere.     12mo.    Boston.     1868. 

A  defence  of  the  action  of  the  American  Unitarian  Association.  12mo. 
Boston.     1870. 

Mr.  Lowe  became  editor  of  "Monthly  Journal,"  beginning  with 
the  number  for  Sept.,  1865,  and  continued  to  edit  it  till  its  sus- 
pension, at  the  end  of  1869.  He  also  edited  four  "Year  Books," 
from  1868  to  1871.  During  the  years  of  his  connection  with  the 
Association,  he  of  course  wrote  the  Annual  Reports  ;  which,  after 
1869,  were  printed  by  themselves.  There  were  also  issued  in 
pamphlet  form,  by  the  American  Unitarian  Association,  the  fol- 
lowing—  the  first  two  having  been  previously  published  in  the 
"Monthly  Journal" — the  third  having  been  given  at  the  Annual 
Meeting  for  that  year  —  "A  Statement  of  the  Policy  of  the  Amer- 
ican Unitarian  Association,  July,  1868  ;  "Have  we  misrepresented 
Orthodoxy?"  Dec,  1868  ;  "  The  Unitarian  Position,"  June,  1870  ; 
"  A  Defence  of  the  Action  of  the  American  Unitarian  Associa- 
tion," Oct.  13,  1870. 


iff' 


<^s:^:^ 


u> 


/i^^^T^ 


REV.  ED^NIUND  B.  WILLSON. 


Edmuxd  B.  Willson,  son  of  Rev.  Luther,  and  Sally  (Bigelow) 
Willson,  was  born  in  Petersham,  Aug.  15,  1820;  entered  Yale 
College  in  1834  ;  dismissed  on  account  of  sickness,  Aug.,  1835  ; 
studied  for  the  ministry  in  the  Cambridge  Divinity  School,  gradu- 
ating in  1843  ;  received  the  decree  of  A.M.  from  Harvard  College  in 
1853  ;  ordained  over  the  First  Congregational  Society  in  Grafton, 
Jan.  3,  1844  ;  married  Martha  Anne,  daughter  of  Stephen  Buttrick 
of  Framiugham  (granddaughter  of  Major  John  Buttrick  of  the 
"Concord  Fight"),  May  8,  1844;  became  pastor  of  the  First 
Society  in  West  Roxbury  (the  second  church  in  Roxbury),  July 
18,  1852  ;  installed  minister  of  the  North  Societ}'  in  Salem,  June 
5,  1859  ;  commissioned  chaplain  of  the  twenty-fourth  Regiment 
of  Mass.  Volunteers,  Oct.  21,  1863  ;  joined  that  regiment  at  St. 
Augustine,  Florida,  Dec.  17,  1863  ;  resigned  at  Deep  Bottom,  Vir- 
ginia, July  6,  1864. 

His  father.  Rev.  Luther  Willson,  sou  of  Joseph  and  Sarah 
(Matthews)  Willson,  and  grandson  of  Robert  and  Martha  (Dun- 
lap)  AVillson,  was  born  in  New  Braintree,  Apr.  26,  1783,  gradu- 
ated at  Williams  College  in  1807;  studied  for  the  ministry ;  and 
having  been  three  years  and  a  half  Principal  of  Leicester  Academy, 
was  settled  in  1813,  in  Brooklyn,  Conn.,  as  colleague  pastor  with 
Rev.  Josiah  AVhitney,  D.D.,  over  the  First  Congregational  Society 
in  that  town.  When  settled  he  was  a  Trinitarian  in  belief.  Dur- 
ing the  three  or  four  years  following  he  gave  much  examination  to 
the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity,  and  having  at  length  announced  his 
conviction  of  the  truth  of  the  Unitarian  doctrine  of  God,  he  was 

(181) 


182 


MINISTERS. 


summoned  by  the  Consociation  of  Windham  county  to  answer  to 
the  charge  of  heresy.  Denying  the  jurisdiction  of  that  ecclesi- 
astical court,  he  nevertheless  proposed  to  state  and  defend  his 
opinions  before  it.  The  consociation  proceeded  to  try  him,  as 
it  claimed  that  it  had  a  right  to  do,  and  pronounced  his  deposition 
from  his  office.  The  majority. of  the  society  adhered  to  him,  how- 
ever, refused  to  acknowledge  the  authority  of  the  consociation, 
and  accepted  his  views ;  and  when  he  resigned  in  Sept.,  1817  (in 
the  hope  that  under  another  minister  the  seceding  members  might 
return)  he  was  soon  succeeded  by  the  late  Rev.  Samuel  J.  May  of 
Syracuse.  This  was  the  origin  of  the  First,  and  for  many  years 
the  only,  Unitarian  Society  in  the  State  of  Connecticut.  It  is 
believed  to  be  still  the  only  church  of  that  faith  in  the  state  which 
maintains  public  worship.  Mr.  Willson  was  installed  June  23, 
1819,  pastor  of  the  First  Parish  in  Petersham,  Mass.,  "of  which  he 
continued  the  minister  for  more  than  fifteen  j^ears.  He  died  in 
Petersham,  Nov.  20,  1864. 

The  following  sermons  and  addresses  of  Mr.  Willson  have  been 
published,  besides  occasional  sermons  and  articles  in  magazines 
and  newspapers. 

1.  Sermon  contaiuiug  historical  notices  of  the  Fir^t  Congregational 
Church  in  Grafton,  preached  Dec.  27,  1846. 

2.  Address  at  consecration  of  Riverside  cemetery,  Grafton,  April  29, 
1851. 

3.  Sermon  preached  in  West  Roxburj^  June  4, 185-1,  it  being  the  Sunday 
after  the  return  of  Anthony  Burns  into  slavery. 

4.  Address  delivered  in  Petersham,  July  4,  1854,  in  commemoration  of 
the  one  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  incorporation  of  that  town. 

5.  "In  Memory  of  Christ :"  A  sermon  preached  in  the  North  Church  in 
Salem,  March  4,  1860. 

6.  "Reasons  for  Thanksgiving:"  A  sermon  preached  on  a  National 
Thanksgiving  day  at  the  North  Church,  April  20,  1862. 

7.  "  The  Proclamation  of  Freedom:"  A  sermon  preached  in  the  North 
Church,  Jan.  4,  1863. 

8.  "  God  a  Father :"  A  sermon  preached  in  the  Noi'th  Church,  Feb.  2, 
1868. 


THE   FIRST  MEETING   HOUSE, 

ITTCJ  -  183G  , 
ON     THE     COKNEU     OF    NORTH    AND     LYNDE     STREETS. 

[See  page  20.] 


The  following  papers  are  worthy  of  record,  as  ilhistrating  some 
portions  of  the  history  of  this  Church  and  Parish. 

Deed  of  John  Nutting  to  James  Andrew  and  others. 

Know  all  Men  by  these  Presents,  that  I,  John  Nutting  of  Salem,  in  the 
county  of  Essex,  in  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  Esq.,  in  con- 
sideration of  one  hundred  and  ninety  five  pounds,  six  sliillinucs  and  ten 
pence,  lawfull  money,  paid  rae  by  James  Andrew,  housewriiiiit ;  Joseph 
Blaney,  William  Browne  and  Francis  Cabot,   Esq'rs;    William   Clough, 

(183) 


184  MEETING    HOUSES. 

mason;  Samuel  Curweu,  Esq.,  Benjamin  Daland,  yeoman;  Andrew  Dal- 
glish,  merchant ;  Stephen  Daniel,  shipwright ;  Mary  Eden,  widow;  John 
Felt,  shoreman ;  Samuel  Eield,  boat-builder ;  Nathaniel  Foster,  taylor ; 
Robert  Foster,  blacksmith;  Weld  Gardner  and  Henry  Gardner,  merchants  ; 
Jona.  Gavett,  cabinetmaker;  Samuel  Holman,  hatter;  Edward  Augustus 
Holyoke,  Esq.,  James  King,  shopkeeper;  William  Luscomb  and  William 
Luscomb,  Jr.,  and  Joseph  Mclntire,  housewrights ;  David  Mason,  gentle- 
man; Jonathan  Mansfield,  gentleman;  John  Millet,  cooper;  Eleazer 
Moses,  sailmaker;  Jeremiah  Newhall,  housewright;  Benjamin  Pickman 
and  Benjamin  Pickman,  Jr.,  Esq's;  Clark  Gayton  Pickman  and  William 
Pickman,  merchants;  Ebenezer  Porter,  houscAvright ;  Daniel  Ropes, 
cordwainer;  Samuel  Symouds,  Jr.,  shoreman;  Joshua  Ward,  gentleman ; 
Richard  Ward,  tanner;  Miles  Ward  the  third,  glazier;  Samuel  West, 
gentleman;  Samuel  West,  Jr.,  mariner;  William  West,  merchant,  and 
Benjamin  West,  mariner;  all  of  Salem  aforesaid,  the  receipt  whereof  I  do 
hereby  acknowledge,  do  hereby  Give,  Grant,  sell  and  convey  unto  the  said 
James  Andrew,  Joseph  Blaney,  Wm.  Browne,  Frs.  Cabot,  Wm.  Clough, 
Samuel  Curwen,  Benj.  Daland,  Andrew  Dalglish,  Stephen  Daniel,  Mary 
Eden,  Jno.  Felt,  Samuel  Field,  Nath'l  Foster,  Robert  Foster,  Weld  Gard- 
ner, Henry  Gardner,  Jona.  Gavett,  Sam'l  Holman,  E.  A.  Holyoke,  Jas. 
King,Wm.  Luscomb, Wm.  Luscomb,  Jr.,  Joseph  Mc'Intire,  Jona.  Mansfield, 
David  Mason,  Jno.  Millet,  Eleazer  Moses,  Jer'h  Newhall,  Benj.  Pickman, 
Benj.  Pickman,  Jr.,  C.  G.  Pickman,  W.  Pickman,  Eb.  Porter,  Dan'l  Ropes, 
Samuel  Symonds,  Jr.,  Joshua  Ward,  Richd.  Ward,  Miles  Ward  the  third, 
Sam'l  West,  Sam'l  West,  Jr.,  William  West  and  Benj.  West,  and  their 
heirs,  forty-two  parts  of  a  certain  lot  of  land  in  Salem  aforesaid,  in  forty- 
three  equal  parts  to  be  divided,  containing  about  twenty-four  poles,  and 
is  bounded  easterly  on  land  of  Abijali  Northey  and  there  measures  seventy- 
five  feet ;  southerly,  partly  on  land  belonging  to  the  heirs  of  Geo.  Daland, 
deceased,  and  partly  on  laud  of  Elizabeth  Henderson,  and  there  measures 
eighty-one  feet ;  westerly  on  an  highway,  and  there  measures  seventy-nine 
feet;  and  northerly  on  an  highway,  and  there  measures  eighty-eight  feet, 
with  the  appurtenances.  To  have  and  to  hold  one  forty-second  part  of 
the  premises,  to  the  said  Jas.  Andrew  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second 
part  to  the  said  Joseph  Blaney  and  his  heirs,  one  other  fortj'-second  part 
to  the  said  Wm.  Browne  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the 
said  Francis  Cabot  and  his  heirs,  one  other  foity-second  p;irt  to  the  said 
Wra.  Clough  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Samuel 
Curwen  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Benjamin 
Daland  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Andrew  Dal- 
glish and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Daniel  and  his 
heirs,  one  other  forty-second  pail  to  the  said  Mary  Eden  and  her  heirs,  one 
other  forty-second  pai't  to  the  said  John  Felt  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty- 
second  part  to  the  said  Sam'l  Field  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second 
part  to  the  said  Nath'l  Foster  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part 
to  the  said  Robert  Foster  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the 


MEETING    HOUSES.  185 

sail!  'WoUl  Gardner  ami  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said 
Henry  Gardner  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  parttotlie  said  Jona. 
Gavett  and  hislieirs,  one  otlier  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Sani'I  Holmaii 
and  his  lieirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  E.  A.  Holyolce  and 
his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  tlic  said  James  King  and  his  heirs, 
one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Wm.  Luscoml)  and  his  heirs,  one 
other  fortj'-sccond  part  to  the  said  Wm.  Luscomb,  Jr.,  aud  his  heirs, 
one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Joseph  Mc'Intire  and  his  heirs,  one 
other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Jonathan  Manstlehi  and  his  heirs,  one 
otlier  forty-second  part  to  the  said  David  Mason  aud  his  heirs,  one  other 
forty-second  part  to  the  said  John  Millet  aud  his  heirs,  one  other  forty- 
second  part  to  the  said  Eleazer  Moses  and  his  lieirs,  one  other  forty-second 
part  to  the  said  Jer.  Newiiall  aud  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part 
to  the  said  B.  IMckmau  and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the 
said  B.  Pickman,  Jr.,  aud  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said 
C.  G.  Pickman  aud  his  heirs,  oue  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Wm. 
Pickman  and  his  heirs,  oue  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Eijen  Por- 
ter and  his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Daniel  Itopes  and 
his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Samuel  Sj'iuonds,  Jr.,  and 
his  heirs,  one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Josh.  Ward  aud  his  heirs, 
one  other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Eicliard  AVard  and  his  heirs,  one 
other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  ]\liles  Ward  the  third  aud  his  heirs,  one 
other  forty-second  part  to  the  said  Samuel  West  aud  his  heirs,  oue  other 
fortj'-secqnd  part  to  the  said  Samuel  West,  Jr.,  aud  his  heirs,  one  other 
forty-second  part  to  the  said  William  West  and  his  heirs,  oue  other  forty 
second  part  to  the  said  B.  West  and  his  heirs,  aud  to  their  use  and  behoof 
respectively,  forever;  and  I  do  covenant  with  the  grantees  aforenamed, 
their  heirs  and  assigns,  that  I  am  lawfully  seized  in  fee  of  the  premises, 
that  they  are  free  of  all  incumbrances,  that  I  have  a  good  right  to  sell  and 
convey  the  same  to  them,  and  that  I  will  w.irrant  aud  defend  the  same  to 
the  grantees  aforenamed,  their  heirs  aud  assigns,  forever,  against  the  law- 
ful claims  and  demands  of  all  persons. 

In  witness  whereof  I,  the  said  John  Nutting  and  Elizabeth  mj'  Avife  (in 
token  of  her  consent  hereto  and  in  bar  of  her  right  of  dower  herein),  have 
hereunto  set  our  hands  and  seals  this  14th  day  of  Feb.,  Anno  Donii,  1772, 
and  in  the  twelfth  year  of  his  majesty's  Reign. 

Signed,  sealed,  and  delivered,  in  presence  of 

Peter  Frye.  Juo.  Nutting  and  a  seal. 

Russell  Wyer.  Eliz.  Nutting  and  a  seal. 

The  words  'Jonathan  Mansfield,   gentleman."'  in   the   first  page   and 
"two,"  in  the  second  page  were  interlined,  before  sealing. 
12 


186  MEETING    HOUSES. 

Essex  ss. 

Salem,  February  15,  1772. 

Then  John  Nutting,  Esq.,  and  Eliza.  Nutting,  abovenamed,  personally 
appeared  and  acknowledged  the  aforewritten  instrument,  to  be  their  free 
Act  and  Deed. 

Before  Peter  Frye,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Essex  ss. 

Keceived  on  Record  Sept.  2,  1772,  recorded  libro  130,  folio  117,  etc.,  and 
examined. 

Attest, 

John  Higginson,  Reg. 

Bond  op  James  Andrew  and  others  to  John  Nutting. 

Know  all  men  by  these  presents  that  We  James  Andrew  Housewright 
Joseph  Blaney  William  Browne  &  Francis  Cabot  Esqrs  William  Clough 
mason  Samuel  Curwen  Esqr  Benjamin  Daland  yeoman  Andrew  Dalglish 
merchant  Stephen  Daniel  Shipwright  Mary  Eden  Widow  John  Felt  Shore- 
man Samuel  Field  Boat  builder  Nathaniel  Foster  Tailor  Robert  Foster 
Blacksmith  Weld  Gardner  and  Henry  Gardner  Merchants  Jonathan  Gavet 
Cabinet  maker  Samuel  Holman  Hatter  Edward  Augustus  Holyoke  Esqr 
James  King  Shop  keeper  William  Luscomb  &  William  Luscomb  junr  & 
Joseph  Mclntire  Housewrights  David  Mason  Gentleman  Jonathan  Mans- 
field Gentleman  John  Millet  Cooper  Eleazer  Moses  Sail  maker  Jeremiah 
Newhall  Housewright  Benjamin  Pickman  &  Benjamin  Pickmau  junr  Esqrs 
Clark  Gayton  Pickman  &  William  Pickman  Merchants  Ebenezer  Porter 
Housewright  Daniel  Ropes  Cordwainer  Samuel  Symonds  junr  Shoreman* 
Joshua  Wai'd  Gentleman  Richard  Ward  Tanner  Miles  Ward  the  third 
Housewrightf  Samuel  West  Gentleman  Samuel  West  junr  Mariner  William 
West  Merchant  and  Benjamin  West  Mariner  all  of  SaFem  in  the  County  of 
Essex  are  held  and  stand  tirmly  bound  &  obliged  unto  John  Nutting  of 
Salem  aforesaid  Esqr  in  the  full  and  just  sum  of  Three  hundred  and 
ninety  one  Pounds  lawful  money  of  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  to  be  paid  unto  the  said  John  Nutting,  his  certain  attorney,  Executors, 
administrators,  or  assigns;  To  the  which  Payment  well  and  truly  to  be 
made  We  bind  ourselves  our  Heirs  Executors  and  Administrators  jointly 
&  severally  firmly  hj  these  Presents  Sealed  with  our  Seals.  Dated  this 
fourteenth  Day  of  February  Aimo  Domini  one  thousand  seven  hundred 
&  seventy  two  and  in  the  twelfth  year  of  his  Majesty's  Reign. 

The  condition  of  this  present  Obligation  is  such,  that  if  the  abovenamed 
Obligors  their  Heirs  Executors,  or  Administrators  or  any  of  them  shall  & 
do  well  &  truly  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid  unto  the  above  named  John  Nut- 
ting his  Heirs  Executors  administrators  or  assigns  the  full  sum  of  one 
hundred  and  ninety  five  Pounds  six  Shillings  and  ten  Pence  of  like  lawful 

*  Overwritten,    f  Overwritten  "Glaziers." 


MEETING    HOUSES. 


187 


money  of  the  Province  aforesaid  witli  lawful  Interest  for  the  same  on  or 
before  the  fourteenth  Day  of  February  which  will  be  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  &  seventy  three  without  Fraud,  Coveu 
or  further  Dela}'  then  the  foregoin*::  obligation  to  be  void  and  of  none 
Effect ;  otherwise  to  abide  and  remain  in  full  Force  and  Virtue. 
Signed,  Sealed  &  delivered 


in  presence  of  us 
Kussell  Wyer 
William  Clark 
James  Andrew  L.  S. 
Joseph  Blaney  L.  S. 
Willm  Browne  L.  S. 
Francis  Cabot  L.  S. 
William  Clough  L.  S. 
Saml  Curweu  L.  S. 
Benja  Daland  L.  S. 
Audw  Dalglish  L.  S. 
Stephen  Dauiell  L.  S. 
meary  edeu  L.  S. 
John  Felt  L.  S. 
Saml  Field  L.  S. 
Nathael  Foster  L.  S. 
Robert  Foster  L.  S. 
Weld  Gardner  L.  S- 
Heuiy  Gardner  L.  S. 
Jonathan  Gavet  L.  S. 
Saml  HolraauL.  S. 
E.  A.  Ilolyoke  L.  S. 
James  King  L.  S. 


AVilliam  Luscomb  L.  S. 
William  Luscomb  jr  L.  S. 
Joseph  mackintire  L.  S. 
David  Mason  L.  S. 
Jonathan  mansfield  L.  S. 
John  Millet  L.  S. 
Eleazer  Moses  L.  S. 
Jeremiah  Newhall  L.  S. 
Benj  Pickman  L.  S. 
Benja  Pickman  juur  L.  S. 
C.  G.  Pickman  L.  S. 
Wm  Pickman  L.  S. 
Ebener  Porter  L.  S. 
Daniel  Kopes  L.  S. 
Saml  Symouds  Jr  L.  S. 
Joshua  Ward  L.  S. 
Eichard  Ward  L.  S. 
M  Ward  tert  L.  S. 
Saml  West  L.  S. 
Saml  West  Jnr  L.  S. 
Willm  West  L.  S. 
Benj.  West  L.  S. 


14:  Feby  1773  Reed  11-14-5  Interest  upon  the  within  Bond  &  fourteen 
Pounds  fourteen  shillings  and  eight  pence  of  the  Principal. 

17  Feby  1774.  Reed  5£  IG  in  part  of  Interest  bj^  D.  Ropcs's  note  of 
Hand  also  5£  0-2  in  full  for  Interest  to  the  13  Febry  1774  also  12-2  in  part 
of  Principal  so  that  there  is  due  of  the  Principal  180-0-0. 

Salem  21  Febry  1775  Reed  of  Col.  Pickman  four  Pounds  and  three  pence 
half  penny  in  part  for  Interest  to  the  14  Febry  Inst. 

Salem  24  Janiy  177G  Reed  17-4-8  in  full  for  Interest  to  the  14  of  Febry 
next.     Salem  14  Febry  1777  Reed  Interest  in  full  to  this  date. 

Reed  Interest  to  the  14  Febry  1778. 

Reed  Interest  to  14  Febiy  1779. 

Reed  :  Interest  in  full  to  Febry  14th  1780.  J.  Nutting. 

Reed  Interest  in  full  to  14  Febry  1781. 

Reed  January  22d  1782  Ten  pounds  &  sixteen  Shillings  Silver  lawful 
money  in  full  for  the  Interest  of  this  Bond  to  the  fourteenth  day  of  Feb- 
ruary next — also  reed  one  hundred  &  twenty  Seven  pounds  and  six  Shil- 


188  MEETING    HOUSES. 

lings  Silver  lawful  monej'  in  part  of  the  Principal  and  there  is  now  clue  on 
this  Bond  Fifty  two  pounds  &  fourteen  Shillings  Silver  lawful  money. 
Reed  Pr  Jno.  Nutting. 

Salem  May  7th  1784  Reed  two  years  Interest  for  the  above  Sura. 

Jno.  Nutting. 

Salem  March  8th  1785. 

Reed  Interest  for  the  above  sum  for  one  year. 

Reed  thirty  Eight  Pounds  eighteen  &  six  pence  part  of  Principal  of  the 
above-Bond.  p    Jno  Nutting. 

Remains  Thirteen  Pounds  fifteen  Shillings  &  Six  pence  Principal. 

Reed  of  Mr.  Rich  Ward  Treasurer  Eleven  Pounds  7-2  in  a  Note  of  Hand 
in  full  of  the  within  Ballauce  this  6th  Sept  1786.  Benj.  Pickman. 

Deed  of  Pew  60  to  John  Dabney. 

Know  all  Men  by  these  Presents,  That  we  Edward  Angustus  Holynke 
Benjamin  Pickman,  Joseph  Hiller  and  Jacob  Ashton  Esquires  Samuel  Hol- 
man  Hatter  Henry  Bust  merchant  Ililes  Ward  junr  merchant  Jacob  Sander- 
son cabinetmaker  and  Abijah  Northey  shopkeeper  a  Committee  appointed  by 
the  Proprietors  of  the  North  Meeting-House  in  Salem  to  sell  and  convey 
the  Pews  in  the  same  House,  in  Consideration  of  Forty  three  Dollars  and 
thirty  three  Cents  Lawful  Money,  paid  us  by  John  Dabney  of  Salem  in  the 
County  of  Essex  bookseller  the  Receipt  whereof  we  do  hereby  acknowl- 
edge, do  hereby  Give,  Grant,  Sell  and  Convey  to  the  said  John  Dabney  his 
Heirs  and  Assigns,  a  certain  Pew  on  the  floor  of  the  same  House,  marked 
No.  60  with  Appurtenances.  To  Have  and  to  Hold  the  same  to  the  said 
John  Dabney  his  Heirs  and  Assigns;  subject,  nevertheless,  to  all  legal 
Votes  and  Orders  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  Pews  in  the  same  House,  made 
for  the  Settlement  and  Support  of  a  Minister  or  Ministers,  from  Time  to 
Time,  as  there  shall  be  Occasion ;  and  also  for  the  necessary  Repairs  of 
the  same  House ;  and  for  the  Payment  of  an  Annuity  of  five  Pounds 
SIX  Shillings  and  eight  Pence,  Lawful  Money,  to  the  Widow  Eliza- 
beth Henderson,  for  and  during  her  natural  Life,  and  for  incidental 
charges,  but  free  of  all  other  Incumbrances. 

In  Witness  whei'eof  we  have  hereunto  set  our  Hands  and  Seals,  the 
Thirtyeth  Day  of  3Iarch  A.  D.  1796. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  1  E.  A.  Holyoke  [L.  S.] 

in  presence  of  us  !  Benja  Pickman  [L.  S.] 

Wm  West  I  Jos  Hiller  [L.  S.] 

Richard  Ward  J  Jacob  Ashton  [L.  S.] 

Sam'l  Holman  [L.  S.] 
Henry  Rust  [L.  S.] 
Miles  Wardjnr  [L.  S.] 
Jacob  Sanderson  [L.  S.] 
Abijah  Northey  [L.  S.] 
Proprietors  Committee. 


MEETING   HOUSES.  189 

Essex,  ss.  April  2d,  179G.  Then  Edward  Au(iiistiis  Ilulyoke,  Benjamin 
Pickman  Joseph  HiUcr  Jacob  Ashton  Samuel  Jlolman  Henry  Bust  MUcs 
Ward  Junr  Jacob  Sandcrtion  and  Ahijah  Xorthoj  abovonaiucd  personally 
appeared  and  severall}^  acknowledged  the  above  written  Instrument  to  be 
their  Deed. 

Before     BICJIABD   WABD, 

Justice  of  the  peace. 


PuopRiETORs'  Meeting  May  27,  183G. 

The  following  votes  were  adopted  : — 

The  said  corporation  will  accept  the  conveyance  of  said  New  Meeting 
house  and  land,  upon  the  following  conditions,  viz:  — 

1st.  That  the  old  meeting  house,  land  and  appui-teuances,  the  bell,  organ 
and  clock,  shall  be  sold  for  the  most  the  same  will  bring. 

2d.  That  the  proceeds  of  said  sale,  shall  be  appropriated  and  applied  as 
follows,  viz: — in  the  first  place,  to  the  full  payment  and  discharge  of  all 
the  debts  due  from  said  corporation,  and  that  the  surplus  shall  be  appor- 
tioned and  divided  among  all  the  owners  of  pews,  not  held  by  the  corpo- 
ration, upon  the  following  appraisement,  that  is  to  say,  upon  the  original 
valuation  of  said  pews,  as  the  same  is  and  long  has  been  used  for  the 
assessment  of  tiie  annual  tax. 

3rd.  The  Proprietors  will  occupy  said  New  Meeting  House  as  their 
place  of  worship. 

4th.  That  a  committee  of  live  be  appointed  to  make  sale  of  the  property 
for  the  most  it  will  bring,  and  to  take  all  proper  measures  to  carry  the  vote 
into  efl'ect;  and  the  following  named  gentlemen  were  chosen  for  that  pur- 
pose with  authority  to  give  a  deed  of  the  land.  John  G.  King,  Wm.  H. 
Foster,  Nathaniel  Saltonstall,  George  Peabody  and  Emerj^  Johnson. 

Voted,  That  the  same  committee  be  authorized  to  execute  an  agreement 
with  the  subscribers  to  the  new  house  in  relation  to  the  reservation  of 
the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  pews  in  said  house  for  reimbursing  them  for  the 
expense  of  building  the  same. 

The  old  Meeting  Mouse  was  in  accordance  with  the  above  votes, 
sold  at  public  auction  on  Monday  June  27,  183G,  with  its  appen- 
dages. T.  P.  Pingree,  Esq.,  bought  the  house  for  ^2,325,  G.  Tucker, 
Esq.,  bought  for  the  New  Church  the  organ  at  $G00,  and  the  bell  at 
281  cents  per  lb.  (about  S300).  The  clock  and  drapery  sold  for 
about  $100  more.  The  net  proceeds  of  the  sale  were  divided  in 
accordance  with  the  above  votes. 


THE   SECOND   MEETING   HOUSE. 


isse  -  isrs, 


The  first  Meeting  house  was  often  opened  for  public  services. 
On  Friday,  July  4,  1834,  its  use  was  granted  to  "the  Apprentices 
of  Salem"  for  the  delivery  of  an  eulogy  on  Lafaj-ette  by  Rev.  Dr. 
James  Flint.  Soon  after  the  audience  had  assembled,  a  defect  in 
the  flooring  was  detected,  though  not  of  sufficient  importance  to 
interrupt  the  exercises.  On  the  following  day  an  examination 
of  the  building  was  made,  and  the  results  communicated  to  the 
proprietors  at  a  meeting  held  on  Monday  the  9th  inst. ;  thereupon 
(190) 


MEETING   HOUSES.  191 

a  committee,  Col.  B.  Piekman,  chairman,  was  appointed  to  take 
into  consideration  the  condition  of  the  house,  and  to  report  at  a 
future  meeting. 

Tlie  fu-st  meeting  of  this  committee  was  held  in  the  house  of 
the  chairman,  the  same  house  (see  page  154)  in  which  the  mem- 
bers of  the  church  assembled  for  organization  in  1772,  then  owned 
and  occupied  by  the  grandfather  of  the  owner,  the  first  Col.  Ben- 
jamin Piekman. 

At  a  proprietors'  meeting  on  Monday,  July  21,  1834,  the  recom- 
mendations of  the  committee  were  adopted,  that  it  is  expedient  to 
erect  a  new  Meeting  House  by  a  subscription  in  shares,  upon  the 
basis  that  the  subscribers  are  to  be  indemnified  for  the  expense, 
from  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  pews  in  the  said  house,  and 
the  appointment  of  a  committee  to  ascertain  whether  a  suitable 
lot  of  land  for  a  Meeting  House  can  be  procured  at  a  satisfactory 
price,  and  also  to  procure  subscribers  for  shares  and  to  report  at 
an  adjournment. 

At  a  meeting,  Thursdaj^,  July  31,  1834,  in  accordance  with  the 
recommendation  of  the  committee  it  was 

Voted,  That  the  said  subscribers,  with  such  others  as  may  here- 
after sign  the  subscription  paper,  may  purchase  land  and  erect  a 
Meeting  House  thereon,  and  may  hold  the  pews  in  the  same  and 
sell  and  dispose  of  the  same  at  such  times,  and  in  such  manner  as 
they  may  think  expedient  to  indemnify  themselves  for  the  cost  and 
expense  they  may  incur  in  the  premises. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  subscribers,  Sept.  3, 1834,  it  was  stated  that 
the  sum  subscribed  for  the  new  church  was  twentj^-five  thousand 
dollars.  A  building  committee  was  appointed,  comprising  Gideon 
Tucker,  George  Peabodj^,  John  W.  Rogers,  John  C.  Lee,  George 
"Wheatland,  P.  I.  Farnham,  Allen  Putnam. 

The  committee  was  authorized  to  purchase  such  parcel  or  parcels 
of  land  as  may  be  deemed  necessary,  and  to  take  a  deed  or  deeds 
thereof  in  their  names  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  said  association. 


192  MEETING  HOUSES. 

and  to  make  contracts  for  the  erection  of  a  new  Meeting  House  of 
such  materials,  and  in  such  general  form  and  manner  as  may  be 
agreed  upon  by  a  vote  of  the  subscribers.  At  a  meeting  Sept.  6, 
1834,  the  committee  reported  that  they  had  purchased  land  on 
Essex  street  of  Mr.  Savage,  Dr.  Treadwell  and  Mr.  Oliver,  about 
one  hundred  and  twelve  feet  on  said  street,  and  recommend  the 
erection  of  the  church  with  rough  granite  of  the  Gothic  order, 
which  they  think  can  be  done  for  the  sum  of  nineteen  thousand 
dollars  ($19,000)  exclusive  of  the  cost  of  the  land ;  the  front  end 
to  be  either  of  Quincy  or  Gloucester  stone,  with  butts,  beds  and 
builds.  A  drawing  of  the  front  of  the  church  was  exhibited  and 
the  dimensions  given. 

During  the  autumn  and  winter  the  foundation  was  laid. 

Laying  of  the  Corner-stone. 

Saturday,  May  16,  1835,  the  Corner-stone  was  laid  with  appro- 
priate religious  services.  The  devotional  exercises  were  performed 
by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Flint.  Previously  to  the  ceremony  of  laying  the 
Corner-stone  the  audience  was  addressed  by  the  Pastor  of  the 
Church,  Rev.  John  Brazer,  as  follows  : — 

"  "We  are  called  together  my  Christian  brethren  and  friends,  on  an  occa- 
sion of  deep  and  solemn  interest.  It  is  to  lay  the  Corner-stone  of  a  new 
edifice,  which  is  to  be  consecrated  to  the  purposes  of  public  religious 
instruction  and  of  social  worship. 

We  would  commence  the  service  by  invoking  the  blessing  of  Almighty 
God  upon  it,  without  whose  aid  all  human  labors  are  ineft'ectual,  and  all 
efforts  are  vain. 

We  lay  this  Corner-stone,  as  those  who  duly  estimate  and  value  the 
public  institutions  of  Christianity ;  who  believe  them  to  be  appointed  and 
approved  of  God,  and  essential  to  the  maintenance  of  good  government, 
public  peace,  and  social  order;  and  who  regard  them  as  an  inestimable 
means  of  instruction,  improvement  and  satisfaction  to  the  undying  soul. 

We  lay  this  Corner-stone,  as  the  children,  subjects  and  worshippers  of 
the  one  and  only  true  God ;  as  the  disciples  of  Jesus  Christ,  His  Son  (our 
Lord  and  Saviour)  ;  and  as  those  who  rely  on  the  blessed  influence  of  God's 
Holy  Spirit,  in  rendering  effectual  upon  our  hearts  all  the  means  of 
religious  improvement. 


MEETING     HOUSES.  193 

We  lay  this  Corner-stone,  as  tlie  friends,  asscrtors  and  defenders,  of 
the  great  and  leading  principles  of  Protestant  Christianity;  namely,  the 
sufflcieuey  of  the  Scriptures  as  the  Hule  of  Life,  and  Charter  of  inmiortal 
hopes;  and  of  the  invalualjle  and  inalienable  right  of  private  judgment. 

We  lay  tliis  Corner-stone,  in  a  spirit  of  Christian  Love  towards  all  our 
Christian  Brethren,  of  every  sect  and  name.  And  while,  in  the  language 
of  the  Saviour,  we  believe  it  to  be  '"life  eternal  to  know  the  only  true  God, 
and  Jesus  Christ  whom  he  hath  sent;"  and  while  we  prize  our  distinctive 
principles  as  Christians  above  all  earthly  good,  yet  we  cheerfully  accord 
to  all  others  the  rights  and  privileges  of  thinking  and  acting,  wiiich  we 
claim  in  our  own  behalf.  And  our  constant  prayer  for  them,  as  for  our- 
selves, is  —  that  they,  as  well  as  we,  may  ever  keep  the  mind  open  to 
further  light,  and  fuller  developments  of  Divine  Faith. 

We  lay  this  Corner-stone  in  the  earnest  hope  that  here  may  rise  a 
temple,  where  we,  and  our  children,  and  children's  children,  in  a  long 
succession  of  generations,  may  meet  to  unite  in  holy  services ;  where  the 
whole  "truth,  as  it  is  in  Jesus,"  shall  be  "spoken  in  love;"  and  be  re- 
ceived into  "honest  and  good  hearts;"  where  the  principles  of  free,  but 
humble  and  sober  inquiry  shall  ever  be  maintained;  where  every  secret 
and  every  presumptuous  sin  shall  be  faithfully  rebuked ;  where  the  atten- 
tion of  the  thoughtless  shall  be  arrested,  the  wanderer  recalled,  the  guilty 
reclaimed,  and  all  shall  be  guarded  and  strengthened  against  the  tempta- 
tions of  life;  where  pious  sentiments  shall  be  excited,  pure  aflections 
nurtured,  good  resolutions  formed,  good  purposes  established,  and  good 
principles  confirmed ;  where  prayers  and  hymns  of  praise  shall  rise  from 
devout,  grateful  and  contrite  hearts,  and  ascend  to  the  Father  of  our 
Spirits;  where  the  Saviour's  love,  which  was  stronger  than  death,  shall 
be  gratefully  commemorated,  and  all  the  sacred  rites  of  his  i-eligiou  be 
duly  honored  and  observed;  where  all  the  consoling  and  sustaining  influ- 
ences of  the  Everlasting  Gospel  shall  be  fully  realized,  and  tenderly  felt; 
and  where  all  persons,  of  every  age  and  condition,  in  a  continually  grow- 
ing holiness,  and  ever  increasing  likeness  to  God,  shall  become,  through 
his  grace  in  Christ  Jesus,  prepared  for  that  "Temple  not  made  with 
hands,"  eternal  in  the  heavens. 

We  close  this  part  of  the  service  as  we  began.  And  devoutly  and 
reuewedly  imploring  the  favor  of  the  Most  High  God  upon  this  under- 
taking, commend  it,  reverentially  and  fervently,  to  His  fostering  and  pro- 
tecting care. 

A  copper  box  was  then  deposited  under  the  Corner-stone,  by 
Deacon  Edward  Brown.     It  contained  the  following  articles. 

A  silver  plate,  having  engraved  upon  it  the  date  of  erection,  the  name 
of  the  pastor  of  the  North  Society,  the  Committee  for  building  the  church, 
the  Carpenter,  Masons,  and  Architect;  a  roll  of  parchment,  containing  a 
copy  of  the  Kcv.  John  Brazer's  address  at  the  laying  of  the  Corner-stone; 


194  MEETING   HOUSES. 

parchment,  containing  a  list  of  the  subscribers  to  the  erection  of  the  new 
church;  parchment,  containing  the  names  of  all  the  Pastors  of  the  North 
Society,  the  dates  of  their  ordinations  and  deaths ;  a  copy  of  the  Poly- 
glot Bible,  English  Version;  the  American  Almanac  and  Eepository 
of  Useful  Knowledge,  for  1835;  Farmer's  Almanac,  1835,  by  Thomas 
Spoflbrd ;  Old  Farmer's  Almanac,  1835,  by  Robert  B.  Thomas ;  a  Catalogue 
of  the  Members  of  the  North  Church,  in  Salem,  with  an  Historical  Sketch 
of  the  Church;  a  Discourse  on  the  Efficacy  of  Prayer,  by  Rev.  John  Bra- 
zer;  a  Discourse  at  the  Interment  of  Dr.  Holyoke,  by  Rev.  John  Brazer; 
a  Discourse  at  the  Ordination  of  the  Rev.  A.  Bigelow,  by  Rev.  John  Bra- 
zer;  an  article  on  the  Power  of  Unitarianism  over  the  Affections,  by  Rev. 
John  Brazer,  and  a  Tract,  Some  Uses  of  Affliction,  by  Rev.  John  Brazer. 
Salem  Observer,  Saturday,  May  9,  1835 ;  Essex  Register,  Monday,  May 
11,  1835;  Essex  Register,  Thursday,  May  14,  1835;  Lighthouse,  Monday, 
May  11,  1835;  Salem  Gazette,  Tuesday,  May  12,  1835;  Salem  Gazette, 
Friday,  May  15,  1835;  Commercial  Advertiser,  Wednesday,  May  13,  1835; 
Salem  Mercury,  Wednesday,  May  13,  1835 ;  Landmark,  Wednesday,  May 
13,  1835. 

Dedication. 

The  House  was  dedicated  on  "Wednesday,  June  22,  1836,  in  the 
forenoon. 

The  introductory  prayer  was  by  Rev.  Mr.  Bartlett,  of  Marble- 
head,  prayer  of  dedication  by  Rev.  Mr.  Upham,  and  a  dedication 
hymn  by  a  member  of  the  society  (Jones  Very) . 

We  seek  the  truth  which  Jesus  brought; 

His  path  of  light  we  long  to  tread ; 
Here  be  his  holy  doctrines  taught, 

And  here,  their  purest  influence  shed. 

May  faith  and  hope,  and  love  abound ; 

Our  sins  and  errors  be  forgiven ; 
And  we,  in  thy  great  day,  be  found 

Children  of  God,  and  heirs  of  heaven. 

To  pour  in  music's  solemn  strain 

The  heart's  deep  tide  of  grateful  love ; 

And  kindle  in  thine  earthly  fane 
A  spirit  for  his  home  above, 

Thou  bad'st  him  on  thine  altar  lay 

The  holy  thought,  the  pure  desire. 
That  light  within  a  brighter  ray 

Than  sun-beam's  glance,  or.  vestal  fire. 


MEETING    HOUSES. 


195 


'Twill  burn,  wliou  heaven's  high  altar-flame 
On  yon  blue  height  hath  ceasetl  to  glow; 

And  o'er  dark  earth's  dissolving  frame 
The  sun-light  of  the  spirit  throw. 

Father!  witliin  thy  courts  we  bow, 

To  ask  thy  blessing,  seek  tliy  grace ; 
O  smile  upon  thy  children  now ! 

Look  down  on  this,  thy  liallowed  place. 

And  when  its  trembling  walls  shall  feel 

Time's  heavy  hand  upon  them  rest ; 
Thy  nearer  presence.  Lord !  reveal, 

And  make  thy  children  wholly  blest. 

The  sermon  by  the  Pastor,  was  marked  by  the  just  and  vig- 
orous thought,  and  the  nervoiTS  and  appropriate  language,  which 
uniformly  characterized  Mr.  Brazer's  public  performances.  The 
text,  was  from  I  Corinthians,  chap,  iii,  verse  16,  "Knowj'c  not 
that  ye  are  the  temples  of  God."  The  concluding  prayer  was  by 
Rev.  Mr.  Thayer  of  Beverly,  and  the  benediction  by  the  Pastor. 


Subscribers  to  the  New  Building. 

List  of  names  of  the  subscribers,  to  build  a  stone  church.  248 

shares.     Amount  $24,800. 

Caleb  Foote,          .        .        .  $100 

James  D.  Gillis,     ...  200 

Nancy  D.  Gay,        ...  300 

Chas.  Hoffman,       ...  200 

F.  Howes  and  Miss  Burley,  900 

Oliver  Hubbard,    ...  400 

William  Ives,        ...  100 

Emery  Johnson,     .        .         .  300 

E.  K.  Lakeman,      .        .        .  300 

Asa  Larasou,  Jr.,  .        .        .  100 

John  C.  Lee,  ....  1,000 

Daniel  Lord,           ...  100 

Nath.  J.  Lord,        ...  100 

John  H.  Nichols,    ...  100 

Nath.  W.  Osgood,          .        .  100 

Rebecca  Osgood,   .        .        .  200 

$9,400 


Catherine  Andrew 

.      $800 

John  P.  Andrews, 

100 

Nancy  Andrews, 

300 

James  N.  Archer, 

100 

Thos.  P.  Bancroft 

200 

Gideon  Barstow, 

500 

Timo.  Brooks, 

100 

Geo.  C.  Chase, 

100 

James  W.  Chever, 

150 

Amos  Choate, 

400 

Francis  Choate, 

200 

Thomas  Cole, 

100 

Samuel  Cook, 

150 

David  Cummins, 

600 

Aaron  Endicott, 

100 

Nathan  Endicott, 

400 

P.  I.  FarnJiam, 

600 

196 


MEETING    HOUSES. 


BroiKjht  forward, 

#9,400 

Edw.  H.  Paysou,  . 

100 

Francis  Peabody,  . 

500 

George  Peabody, . 

500 

Joseph  Peabody,   . 

3,500 

Joseph  W.  Peabody,     . 

400 

Nath.  Peabody,     . 

100 

Beuj.  Pickman, 

2,000 

D.  L.  Pickman,      , 

.     1,800 

L.  Rawlins  Pickman,     . 

300 

Wm.  Pickman, 

1,200 

P.  P.  Pinel,    . 

200 

Allen  Putnam, 

300 

Arch.  Rea, 
John  W.  Rogers,  . 
N.  L.  Rogers, 
Leverett  Saltonstall, 
Nath.  Saltonstall,  . 
Eben  Shillaber, 
Jesse  Smith,  Jr.,    . 
Benj.  W.  Stone,     . 
Chas.  Treadwell,    . 
Gideon  Tucker, 
Ichabod  Tucker,    . 
Stephen  Webb,       . 
Geo.  Wheatland,    . 


$300 
700 
400 
600 
500 
100 
100 
200 
200 
400 
500 
100 
400 

$24,800 


Sale  of  Pews,  etc. 

At  a  Meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  tlie  New  Cliurch,  June  11, 
1836, 

Voted,  The  Trustees  (Gideon  Tucker,  John  W.  Rogers  and  John  C. 
Lee,)  be  authorized  to  convey  the  Meeting  House  and  laud  to  the  North 
Society  on  the  above  named  conditions. 

Voted,  That  the  power  to  sell  the  pews  be  vested  in  the  Trustees. 

Voted,  That  the  Trustees  be  authorized  to  purchase  the  organ  and  bell 
together  with  any  article  of  furniture  in  the  old  church,  they  shall  deem 
expedient. 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  day  of  the  dedication,  fifty-one  of  the 

pews  were   sold   at   public  auction  for  upwards  of  $4,000   more 

than  their  appraisement.     The  whole  amount  of  sales  was  about 

$20,000.     The  highest  sum  for  a  choice  was  $370. 


Cost  of  the  New  House. 

Memorandum  of  cost  of  North  Stone  Church. 

The  Building, 

Land, 

Organ, .$70G  50 

Bell, 342  25 

Furniture, 909  21 

Fence,  Stone  Posts,  Paving,  etc.,        .        .  1,157  34 

Yard,  Trees,  etc., 140  75 


$22,494  33 
6,758  98 


3.256  05 


$32,509  36 


PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE.  197 

Vestry. 

Ill  accordance  with  the  desire  of  the  pastor,  a  considerable 
sum  having  been  obtained  by  a  snbscription,  the  proprietors,  at  the 
annual  meeting,  April  2G,  1853,  granted  an  appropriation  in  aid 
of  the  erection  of  a  wooden  building,  on  land  north  of  the  church, 
to  accommodate  the  Sunday  School,  and  for  other  purposes.  The 
building  was  erected  during  the  summer  of  1853,  and  when  ready 
for  occupancy,  the  rooms,  prcviousl}^  used,  in  the  basement  of 
the  church,  were  vacated,  not  being  considered  suitable. 


PKOrRIETORS  AND  OCCUPANTS  OF  PEWS  IN  THE 
FIRST  MEETING.  HOUSE. 

The  following  names  were  obtained  from  an  examination  of  lists 
of  the  proprietors  or  occupants  of  pews,  in  the  years  1772-1802- 
1820-1829  and.  1836,  which  have  come  into  our  possession.  A 
ver}'  large  portion  of  the  heads  of  families  that  were  wont  to 
worship  in  the  first  house  are  included  in  this  enumeration,  al- 
though mau}^  who  were  connected  with  the  society  for  short 
periods,  during  the  intervals  between  the  above  named  dates,  are 
unavoidably  omitted. 

1.  Abbot,  George,  son  of  George  and  Hannah  (Lovejoy)  Abbot,  b.  at 
Andover,  Feb.  9,  1748;  d.  at  Salem,  Oct.  5,  1784;  m.  Feb.  22,  1772,  Pris- 
cilla,  dau.  of  Dr.  Joseph  and  Eliza  (Boardman)  Manning  of  Ipswich; 
she  d.  at  Salem,  March,  1804.  A  trader.  He  was  one  of  the  volunteers 
of  the  Rhode  Island  Expedition,  in  1778. 

2.  Andrew,  James,  son  of  William  Andrew,  b.  in  Salem  village,  North 
Danvers;  bapt.  June  25,  1732;  m.  Mary  Glover  of  Salem  in  1758,  who 
d.,  July,  1821,  aged  83;  d.  in  Salem,  New  Hampshire,  Jan.,  1820.  A 
housewright. 

3.  Andrews,  Joseph,  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Glover)  Andrews,  b.  at 
Salem,  July  1,  1773;  d.  Aug.  13,  1824;  m.  May  14,  1797,  Mary  Bell  of 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire.     Merchant. 


"N 


198  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

4.  Andrews,  John  Hancock,  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Glover)  Andrews, 
b.  at  Salem,  July  8,  1776;  d.  Aug.  5,  1832;  m.  Nancy,  dau.  of  Samuel  and 
Rebecca  Page  of  Danvers,  who  d.  Aug.  19,  1852,  aged  70.      Merchant. 

5.  Andrew,  John,  sou  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Watson)  Andrew,  b.  at 
Salem,  July  9,  1774;  d.  July  7,  1829;  m.  Sept.  30,  1804,  Catherine,  dau.  of 
Simon  and  Rachel  (Hathorne)  Forrester  (b.  March.  7>1780;  d.  July  14, 
1845).  Merchant  in  Salem.  For  several  years  he  had  resided  in  Russia, 
a  commission  merchant. 

6.  Andrews,  Ferdinand,  son  of  Ephraim  and  Lucy  (Lane)  Andrews  of 
Hingharn,  b.  May  20,  1802;  m.  April  7,  1825,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  and 
Betsey  (Putnam)  Derby  of  Salem  (b.  July  16,  1804).  A  printer,  formerly 
conducted  the  "Salem  Gazette,"  also,  the  "Landmark"  at  Salem.  Re- 
sided since  in  Boston,  Lancaster  and  Washington,  D.  C 

7.  Andrews,  Nehemiah,  b.  Feb.,  1753;  d.  Feb.  16,  1800;  ra.  Aug.  7, 
1772,  Catherine  Seamore  (b.  Jan.,  1749;  d.  March  23,  1802).  Master 
mariner. 

8.  Andrews,  Daniel,  son  of  Nehemiah  and  Catherine  (Seamore)  An- 
drews, b.  Sept.  23,  1779;  d.  Dec.  20,  1820;  m.  Sept.  20,  1807,  Esther  Holt 
(b.  Dec.  9,  1781,  for  many  years  after  the  death  of  her  husband  a  school 
teacher,  in  the  eastern  section  of  the  city).     A  master  mariner. 

9.  Andrews,  Nehemiah,  son  of  Nehemiah  and  Catherine  (Seamore) 
Andrews,  b.  Dec.  9,  1781;  d.  Nov.,  1820,  aged  40.     Master  mariner. 

10.  Archer,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Dorothy  (Ropes)  Archer,  b. 
April  1,  1742;  d.  Oct.  19,  1825;  m.  Aug.  31,  1762,  Mary  Woodvvell;  2d, 
May  13,  1813,  Mary  Bufi'ton;  he  was  a  hardware  dealer  and  had  his  shop 
on  the  north  side  of  Old  Paved  street,  near  252  Essex  street. 

11.  Archer,  John,  carpenter;  d.  Dec.  27,  1829  (aged  71). 

12.  Archer,  James,  m.  June  27, 1790,  Priscilla,  dau.  of  Daniel  and  Pris- 
cilla  (Lambert)  Ropes  (b.  Jan.  4,  1765;  d.  Apr.  24,  1843);  he  died  Nov., 
1802,  aged  40. 

13.  Archer,  James  Norris,  son  of  James  and  Priscilla  (Ropes)  Archer, 
bapt.  July  26,  1801 ;  d.  at  Salem,  May  7,  1852,  aged  51 ;  m.,  1st,  Sarah, 
dau.  of  Jacob  Lee ;  2d,  Charlotte  Baker.  Auctioneer  and  commission 
merchant. 

14.  Ashton,  Jacob,  son  of  Jacob  and  Mary  (Ropes)  Ashton,  b.  Sept.  5, 
1744;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1766;  d.  Dec.  28,  1829;  m.  May  16,  1771,  Susanna, 
dau.  of  Richard  and  Hannah  (Hubbard)  Lee  (b.  Apr.  15,  1747;  d.  Apr.  21, 
1817).  A  merchant;  for  many  years  President  of  Salem  Marine  Insurance 
Company. 

15.  Balch,  Benjamin,  son  of  William  and  Rebecca  (Bailey)  Balch,  and 
grandson  of  Rev.  William  Balch,  who  settled  over  the  Church  and  Society 
of  East  Bradford  as  their  first  minister,  in  1728 ;  b.  in  East  Bradford,  Nov. 
9,  1774,  came  to  Salem,  July  13,  1796;  m.  Dec.  4,  1800,  Lois,  dau.  of  Wil- 
liam Phippen.     (No.  207).     d.  June  6,  1860.     A  watchmaker. 

16.  Bacon,  Jacob  (Dr.)  d.  July,  1816,  aged  65.  His  wife  Sarah,  d. 
Apr.  17,  1785,  aged  41.    m.  Sept.  16,  1790,  Sarah  Adams. 


PROPRIETOUS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE.  199 

17.  Banchoft,  Thomas  Poyntox,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  (Ives) 
Bancroft,  b,  at  Sak-m,  Dec.  20,  1798;  d.  at  New  Orleans,  March  IG,  1852; 
ni.  Dec.  9,  1822,  Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel  (No.  ^28.)  and  Sarah  (Gool)  Tut- 
uam  (b.  June  21,  1799;  d.  Aug.  4,  1872).     Merchant  in  Salem  and  Boston. 

18.  Baunaud,  Edward,  son  of  Rev.  Edward  and  Sarah  (Gary)  Barnard, 
of  Haverhill,  b.  at  Haverhill,  Sept.  28,  1755;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1774;  d.  Dec. 
13,  1822;  m.  in  1780,  Judith,  dau.  of  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  Herbert  of 
Salem;  she  d.  July  31,  1845,  aged  90.     An  apothecary. 

19.  Barxahd,  Edwahd,  son  of  Edward  and  Judith  (Herbert)  Barnard, 
b.  at  Salem,  and  d.  Dec.  12,  1859,  aged  77;  m.  May  4,  1808,  Elizabeth 
Martin;  2d,  Julia  Ryan.     Master  mariner. 

20.  Bakstow,  Gideon,  sou  of  Gideon  and  Anna  (Mead)  Barstow,  b.  at 
Mattapoiset,  Sept.  7,  1783;  d.  in  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  where  he  had  gone 
for  his  health,  March  26,  1852;  m.  Nancy,  dau.  of  Simou  and  Rachel 
(Hathorue)  Forrester,  who  now  resides  in  Boston.  He  was  first  a  prac- 
tising physician,  afterwards  a  merchant  in  Salem;  member  of  both 
branches  of  Massachusetts  Legislature,  Representative  to  Congress, 
1821-3. 

21.  Bartoll,  Samuel, Revolutionary  Pensioner,  an  orna- 
mental painter,  etc.,  d.  Jan.  24,  1835,  aged  70.  Hannah,  widow,  d.  March 
9,  1836,  aged  78. 

22.  Barton,  Caleb,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Wescott)  Barton,  b.  June 
2,  1775;  d.  at  Salem,  Sept.  5,  1820;  m.  Rachel  Thompson  of  Chester,  N. 
H.  (d.  at  Salem,  March  20,  1822,  aged  45).  Au  inuholder,  kept  Salem 
Hotel,  he  was  commander  of  the  Essex  Hussars. 

23.  Barton,  Jabez  W.  son  of  Caleb  and  Rachel  (Thompson)  Barton,  b. 
in  Chester,  Vt.,  Sept.  20,  1802;  m.  Rebecca  F.  Rogers  of  Billerica.  Inn- 
holder,  succeeded  his  father  in  the  Salem  Hotel;  afterwards  moved  to 
Boston  and  had  charge  of  several  of  the  leading  hotels. 

24.  Blaney,  Josepu,  son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Blaney,  b.  at  Marble- 
head.  Feb.  12,  1730;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1751;  m.  May  19,  1757,  Abigail,  dau. 
of  Sanuiel  and  Catherine  (Winthrop)  Browne  of  Salem  (b.  April  27,  1735; 
d.  Dec.  22,  1776).  After  his  marriage  he  removed  to  Salem.  A  merchant, 
and  for  many  years  one  of  the  Selectmen ;  d.  at  Salem,  Juue,  1786. 

25.  BoTT,  James,  a  native  of  Tudbury,  England,  came  to  this  country 
before  the  Revolution  and  settled  in  Salem.  A  chaise  and  harness  maker, 
shop  north  side  of  Essex  near  Beckford  street;  m.,  1st,  Dolly  Newhall  of 
Lynnfield;  2d,  Ruth  Hathorne  of  Salem;  3rd,  Phebe  Newhall,  of  Lynn- 
field.     He  died  Dec.  30,  1829. 

26.  Bray,  Daniel,  sou  ol  Daniel  and  Mary  (Ingalls)  Bray,  ra.  Mary 
Hodgdon,  who  d.  Oct.  9,  1852,  aged  71 ;  he  d.  Feb.  24,  1850,  aged  72.  A 
master  mariner. 

27.  BuiGGS,  Cornelius,  son  of  William  and  Mary  (Copeland)  Briggs, 
b.  at  Scituate  Mass.  Aug.  2,  1776,  came  to  Salem  in  1793;  m.  Oct.  28, 
1807,  Naucy,  dau.  of  Samuel  aud  Desire  (Foster)  Tucker ;  she  d.  May  15, 
1862,  aged  78;  he  d.  Sept.  12,  1838,  at  Salem.     A  shipwright. 


200  PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST    HOUSE. 

28.  Briggs,  Elijah,  sou  of  William  aud  Mary  (Copelaud)  Briggs,  b.  in 
Scituate,  Mass.,  July  17,  1762;  m.  Aug.  6,  1789,  Hannah,  dau.  of  James 
and  Prudence  (Proctor)  Bufflngton  of  Salem  (b.  Jan.  30,  17G7;  d.  May 
29,  1847)  ;  he  d.  in  Salem,  Aug.  24,  1838.     A  shipwright. 

29.  Bkiggs,  Lemuel,  son  of  William  aud  Mary  (Copelaud)  Briggs,  b.  in 
Scitaate,  March  25,  1765;  d.  at  Salem,  Sept.  25,  1844,  aged  79;  m.  May 
26,  1793,  widow  Elizabeth  Wymau  (b.  Jan.  12,  1767;  d.  Oct.  1806); 
m.,  2d,  Dec.  31,  1807,  Phebe,  dau.  of  John  aud  Phebe  (Tidd)  Wright, 
(b.  July  20,  1764;  d.  Aug.  24,  1844),  aged  80.     A  ship  carpenter. 

30.  BniGHT,  Jonathan,  — '■ upholsterer;  d.  June  1817,  aged  49. 

31.  BaooKHOUSE,  Robert,  sou  of  Robert  and  Elizabeth  (Reeves)  Brook- 
house,  b.  Dec.  8,  1779:  m.,  1st,  Martha  Farley;  m.,  2d,  Eliza  W.  Grafton; 
m.,  3rd,  Mary  Follausbee;  d.  June  10,  1866.     Merchant. 

32.  Brooks,  Timothy,  son  of  Timothy  and  Abigail  Brooks,  m.  Feb., 
1809,  Mary  Kiug  Mason ;  d.  March  2,  1862.  aged  75.     A  grocer. 

33.  Brown,  Abraham,  a  brother  of  Thomas.     (No.  36.) 

34.  Brown,  Bartholomew,  Jr.  sou  of  Bartholomew  and  Sarah  (Rea) 
Brown;  bapt.  Jan'y  27,  1750,  at  the  Salem  village  (Danvers) ;  m.  Mehit- 
able  Flint;  d.  iu  Salem,  Nov.  10,  1805.    Housewright. 

35.  Brown,  Edward,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  Brown,  b.  at  Wen- 
ham,  April  8,  1756;    m.  Catherine   (b.  1760;    d.  Feb.   10, 

1831),  aged  71  years.     A  carpenter.     He  d.  June  10,  1844,  aged  88. 

36.  Brown,  Thomas,  m.  July  2,  1769,  Margaret  Skerry.  A  carpenter. 
d.  July  1793,  aged  46. 

37.  Browne,  William,  son  of  Samuel  aud  Catherine  (Wiuthrop) 
Browne,  gr.  Ilarv.  Coll.  1755;  m.  in  1774,  Rutli,  dau.  of  Gov.  Wanton 
of  Rhode  Island.  A  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  a  colonel  of  the  Essex 
Reo-iment,  left  iu  1775;  a  refugee.  Governor  of  Bermuda  iu  1782;  d. 
iu  Loudon,  England,  Feb.  13,  1802,  aged  65. 

38.  Bryant,  Timothy,  son  of  Timothy  and  Rebecca  Bryaut,  b.  at 
Cambridge;  m.  Sept.  10,  1786,  Lydia  Brookhouse,  who  d.  Dec.  7,  1844, 
aged  76.     Master  mariner,  he  d.  at  Salem,  Apr.  3,  1838. 

39.  BuFFiNGTON,  James,  SOU  of  James  and  Prudence  (Proctor)  Bufhug- 
tou,  m.  Abigail  Osborn  March  31,  1798;  d.  at  Newmrrket,  N.  H.,  on  a 
visit,  April  28,  1838,  aged  67.     A  master  mariner. 

40.  BuFFUM,  James  R.,  a  bookseller  for  many  years  iu  Salem  ;  m.  Susan 
Mansfield;  d.  Feb.  12,  1863,  aged  68  years. 

41.  Bukchmore,  Zachariah,  son  of  Zachariah  and  Mary  (Leach)  Burch- 
more,  m.  Sarah  Daniels,  Jan.  8,  1770;  d.  May  15,  1807,  aged  64.  Master 
mariner  and  merchant,  widely  known,  aud  greatly  respected. 

42.  BuRCiiMORE,  Hannah  L.,  dau.  of  Zachariah  and  Sarah  (Daniels) 
Burchmore,  d.  Aug.  8,  1843,  aged  57.     Unmarried. 

43.  Burnham,  John,  son  of  John  aud  Elizabeth  (McTntire)  Burnham, 
b.  Nov.  19,  1800;  m.  Jan.  17,  1826,  Sophia  Jane  Feltou  of  Lyunfield; 
(J.  _ A  master  mariner. 

44.  Cabot,  Francis,  son  of  John   and   Anna    (Orne)  Cabot,  married, 


rUOI'KlKTOKS    OF    FIRST    IIOUSF.  201 

Juno  20,  174."),  Mary  Filcli.of  rorlsuioutli.  N.  II.,  slic  d.  June  IT.,  175f, ;  ni. 
2d,  Mrs.  Kli/.abotli  GurdntT,  who  d.  June  14,  178.".,  aged  08.  He  d.  April 
13,  178G.     .\n  eniincut  niercliant  in  Salem. 

45.  Cabot,  William,  son  of  Fianeis  and  Mar}'  (Fitch)  Cabot,  bapt.  May 
3,  17o2;  d.  unmarried  at  Cambrldgoport,  Mass.,  Oct.  22,  1828,  aged  7G. 

4G.  Caunes,  Jonathan,  son  of  Joiiu  and  Hannah  Carfies,  bapt.  May  29, 
1757;  d.  Dec.  10,  1827.  Master  mariner,  one  of  the  earliest  navigators 
from  Salem  to  the  East  Indies;  m.  April  2G,  1784,  Rebecca,  dan.  of  Wm. 
(No.  280)  and  Mary  (Clark)  Vans,  who  d.  Nov.  1),  1846,  aged  83. 

47.  Chadwiciv,  GiLnKur,  b.  at  Boxford,  Oct.  2,  1748;  d.  at  Salem,  Nov. 
10,  1829,  aged  82.     Butcher  in  Salem. 

48.  CiiADWiCK,  John,  son  of  Gilbert(No.  47)  and  Elizabeth  (Kimball) 
Chadwick,  d.  May  11,  18G8,  aged  77  years;  m.  June  10,  1824,  Elizabeth  W. 
dau.  of  Israel  and  Elizabeth  (Waite)  Williams,  who  d.  Oct.  15,  1870,  aged 
72  years.     For  many  years  cashier  of  Exchange  Bank. 

49.  CiiANDLEU,  John,  b.  March  25,  1752;  d.  March  4,  1821;  ra.  Sarah 
Dodge,  (b.  July  IG,  1753;  d.  Sept.  11,  1835).  An  officer  of  the  Revolution. 
Housewright. 

50.  CiiANDi.Kii,  Joseph  Dodgk,  son  of  John  and  Sarali  (Dodge)  Chand- 
ler, b.  at  Salem,  March  14,  1789;  m.  Mary  Mc'Donald,  June  12,  1827;  d. 
May  17,  1801.     Druggist  and  Grocer. 

51.  Chapman,  Benmamin,  son  of  Isaac  and  Hannah  (Dean)  Chapman, 
bapt.  April  8,  1739;  m.  1st,  Sarah  Bullington;  2d,  Sarah  Henderson;  d. 
about  1783.     A  mariner. 

52.  Chapman,  George,  son  of  Isaac  and  Hannah  (Dean)  Cliapman,  bapt. 
July  26,  1741;  m.  Nov.  1,  1762,  Lydia,  dau.  of  Edmund  and  Lydia  (Hardy) 
Henfield  (b.  Dec.  28,  1745;  d.  March.  8,  1830).  In  early  life  actively 
engaged  in  maiitirae  pursuits.  In  1798  appointed  first  keeper  of  lights  on 
Baker's  Island  and  continued  17  years.     Died  March  20,  1824,  aged  84. 

53.  Chase,  Geouge  C,  son  of  Henry  and  Betsey  (Abbot)  Chase,  b.  at 
Salem,  .May  2,  1803;  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Daniel  Bray,  Jr.  (No.  26).  Agent 
Forest  River  Lead  Company  in  Salem. 

54.  Choate,  Amos,  son  of  Stephen  Choate  of  IpsAvich,  m.,  1st,  Lucy 
dau.  of  Aaron  and  Lucy  (Baker)  Smith  of  Ipswich;  she  died  Jan.  12, 
1833,  aged  52;  2d,  Mehitable,  dau.  of  Jonathan  and  Mehitable  (Eden) 
Neal  of  Salem,  who  d.  Oct.  20,  1856,  aged  73.  Merchant ;  for  many  years 
Register  of  Deeds  of  Essex;  d.  at  Salem,  Aug.  7,  1844,  aged  69. 

55.  Churchill,  Benmamin  King,  son  of  Joseph  and  Ann  (Northcy) 
Churchill,  b.  in  Kennebunk,  Me.,  July  13,  1774;  d.  at  Hamlet,  R.  I., 
April  24,  1858,  aged  83;  m.  1st,  Clarissa  Eaton;  2d,  March  3,  1822,  Eliza, 
dau.  of  Samuel  Holman  (No.  134)  and  widow  of  Henry  L.  Norris ;  lived 
in  Salem  many  years.     A  master  mariner. 

56.  Cl^-veland,  Charles,  son  of  Aaron  and  Aljiah  (Hyde)  Cleveland,  b. 
June  21,  1772;  m.  Mehitable.  dau.  of  John  Treadwell  (No.  271).  Merchant 
in  Salem,  afterwards,  many  years  the  venerable  city  missionary  of  Bos- 
ton;  d.  in  Boston,  June  5,  1872. 

13 


202  PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST   HOUSE. 

57.  CLOUGn,  William,  a  mason ;  m.  widow  Margery  Mansfield. 

58.  Cloutman,  JosKPii,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  (Frye)  Clout- 
man,  b.  Dec.  31,  1796;  m.  Oct.  12,  1824,  Lydia  L.,  dan.  of  William  Rich- 
ardson. Trader,  afterwards  town  and  city  clerli,  from  1833  to  1803 ;  he  d. 
March  10,  1872. 

59.  Cloutman,  Egbert  F.,  brother  of  the  preceding,  m.  June  23,  1811, 
Mary  Ann  Fenno,  who  d.  May,  1813,  aged  23;  he  d.  at  Charleston,  S.  C, 
Feb.  2,  1821,  aged  35.     Hardware  dealer. 

60.  Cole,  Thomas,  sou  of  Jonathan  and  Hannah  (Palfrey)  Cole,  b.  In 
Boston,  Dec.  24,  1779;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1798;  m.  1st,  Hannah  L.  Cogswell 
of  Ipswich;  m.  2d,  Nancy  D.  Gay  of  Salem  ;  came  to  Salem  in  1808,  and 
was,  many  years,  a  successful  teacher ;  d.  June  24,  1852. 

61.  Converse,  Joshua,  yeoman  and  victualler ;  his  widow  Mary,  d.  Jan. 
1822,  aged  81. 

62.  Cook,  Jonathan,  son  of  Jonathan  Cook,  bapt.  June  16,  1751;  d. 
1803.     A  shoresman. 

63.  Cook,  Samuet-,  son  of  Samuel  and  Abigail  Cook,  bapt.  Sept.  18, 
1737;  d.  Dec.  1813,  aged  80.     Mariner. 

64.  Cook,  Samuel,  sou  of  Stephen  and  Elizabeth  (Newhall)  Cook,  m. 
Nov.  9,  1800,  Sarah,  dau.  of  James  and  Sarah  (Brown)  Chever;  d.  Dec. 
10,  1861,  aged  92.     Master  mariner,  merchant. 

65.  Creamer,  Benjamin,  son  of  Dr.  Edward  and  Eunice  (Daland) 
Creamer,  1).  at  Boollibay,  Me.,  May  11,  1794;  m.  May  1,  1821,  Ann  M. 
dau.  of  Capt.  James  and  Mary  (Doyle)  Brace.    Merchant;  d.  May  21,  1854. 

66.  Cummins,  Davip,  son  of  David  and  Mehitable  (Cave)  Cummins,  b. 
at  Topsfield,  Aug.  14,  1785 ;  read  law  with  S.  Putnam  (No.  228)  began 
to  practise  in  Salem  in  1809;  removed  after  many  years  to  Springfield, 
thence  to  Dorchester,  where  lie  d.  March  30,  1855;  judge  of  C.  C.  P.  from 
1828  to  death  ;  m.  1st,  Sally,  dau.  of  Daniel  Porter  of  Topsfield  ;  2d,  Cathe- 
rine, and  3rd,  Maria  Franklin,  daus.  of  Dr.  Thomas  Kittredge  of  Andover. 

67.  CuRWEN,  Samuel,  son  of  Rev.  George  and  Mehitable  CParkman) 
Curwen,  b.  Dec.  17,  1715;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1735;  m.  May,  1750,  Abigail, 
dau.  of  Hon.  Daniel  Rn.ssell  of  Charlestown.  Judge  of  admiralty,  mer- 
chant, refugee  from  May  12,  1775,  to  Sept.,  1784;  d.  at  Salem,  April,  1802. 

68.  Gushing,  Mrs.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Richard  and  Mehitable  (Curwen) 
Ward,  b.  Aug.  1,  1769;  m.  James  Gushing  of  Sauborntou,  N.  H.,  Dec.  1, 
1793  (b.  March  9,  1705;  d.  Sept,  7,  1796,  at  Alexandria.  Merchant). 
She  d.  at  New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  June  9,  1862. 

69.  Gushing,  Isaac,  son  of  Dea.  Isaac  and  Mary  (Jones)  Gushing  of 
Hin"ham,  b.  in  that  town,  Aug.  16,  1779 ;  m.  at  Hingham,  May  25,  1815, 
Elizabeth  Shute,  dau.  of  Dr.  Daniel  and  Betsey  (Gushing)  Shute  of  Hing- 
ham (b.  Oct.  9,  1791;  d.  at  Fitchburg,  April  28,  1852).  They  resided  in 
Salem  about  ten  years.  He  was  a  bookbinder,  afterwards  removed  to 
Fitchburg  where  he  d.  Feb.  7,  1836,  aged  56. 

70.  Gushing,  Thomas  G.,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Ruth  (Croade)  Gushing 
of  Hingham,  m.  1st,  Sarah  Dean  of  Salem ;  2d,  Rachel  Andrew  of  Hing- 


PROrRIETORS    OF   FIRST    HOUSE.  203 

li;un;  d.  Sept.  28,  1824,  aged  GO;  came  to  Salem  and  established  a  paper 
with  John  Dabney  (No.  71)  under  the  title  of  Salem  Mercury ;  1st  number 
issued  Oct.  14,  178(J;  the  name  was  changed  in  1790,  to  tliat  of  Salem 
Gazette ;  also  a  bookseller,  firm  of  Gushing  and  Appleton. 

71.  DA15XKY,  John,  son  of  Gharlcs  and  Elizabeth  (Gardner)  Dabney,  b. 
at  Boston,  July  31,  1752;  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Jonathan  and  Margaret 
(Mason)  Peele  (b.  Nov.  1,  17G7;  d.  Sept.  17,  1834).  Printer,  bookseller, 
and  for  more  than  twenty  years  postmaster  of  Salem;  d.  Oct.  11,  181!). 

72.  D.vLAND,  TucKUu,  son  of  John  and  Betsey  (Tucker)  Daland,  m.  1st, 
Eliza,  dau.  of  Thomas  Whittredge  (No.  303) ;  2d,  Eliza,  dau.  of  James 
Silver;  d.  May  31,  1858,  aged  03  years.     Merchant  in  Salem. 

73.  D.vi.GLEiscn,  Andijew,  a  merchant;  a  refugee  in  the  Revolution. 

74.  Daniels,  David,  son  of  Asa  and  Bathsheba  (Fairbanks)  Daniels, 
b.  at  Medway,  Nov.  25,  1757;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1770;  m.  Betsey,  dau.  of 
Robert  and  Elizabeth  (Proctor)  Shillaber  of  Danvers.  Studied  divinity, 
preached  a  short  time,  but  relinquished  the  profession  on  account  of  his 
liealth,  afterwards  engaged  in  trade;  d.  at  Danvers,  Dec.  10,  1827. 

75.  Daniels,  Stephen,  son  of  Stephen  and  Margaret  Daniels,  d.  March 
1805,  aged  SS.     Shipwright. 

76.  Davidson,  Moses,  b.  in  Newburyport;  m.  Martha  Ann  Marsii  of 
Amesbury.     Carriage  painter,  resides  at  20  Albion  street,  Salem. 

77.  Dean,  Geokge,  son  of  John  and  Rebecca  (Bowers)  Dean,  b.  Nov. 
2,  1777;  m.  Judith,  dau.  of  Euos  Briggs ;  d.  March  12,  1831.  A  trader, 
colonel  of  Salem  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

78.  Dewing,  Josiaii,  d.  April,  1787.     A  victualler. 

79.  Dodge,  Betsey  W.,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Sally  (Pedrick)  Waite,  in. 
John  Dodge,  sou  of  Joshua  and  Elizabeth  (Crowniushield)  Dodge,  a 
merchant,  and  captain  of  the  Salem  Cadets,  who  d.  June,  1820,  aged  36; 
d.  June  25,  1829,  aged  42. 

79a.  DuivEK,  Stephen,  sou  of  Stephen  and  Sara  Driver,  ra  Ruth  Met- 
calf,  who  d.  Aug.  22,  1837,  aged  67 ;  d.  March  24,  1850,  aged  78.  Cord- 
wainer. 

80.  Dutch,  Daniel,  b.  at  Ipswich;  m.  1st,  Sarah  Dodge;  2d,  Mrs. 
Lucy  Staniford;  d.  Oct.  15,  1851,  aged  86.  For  many  years  a  deputy 
sherifl". 

81.  Eden,  Mary,  dau.  of  John  and  Mary  (Dean)  West,  bapt.  March  12, 
1727;  m.  1st,  Aug.  9,  1745,  John  Beadle;  2d,  July  11,  1751,  Capt.  Thomas 
Eden,  who  d.  July  1,  1708,  aged  45;  she  d.  Aug.,  1789. 

82.  Endicott,  Aaron,  son  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  (Hathorne)  Endicott, 
b.  at  Danvers,  Sept.  12,  1770;  m.  Hannah  Osgood  of  Salem;  d.  August 
6,  1853,  at  Salem.     Master  mariner. 

83.  Endicott,  Charles  Moses,  son  of  Moses  and  Anna  (Towne)  Endi- 
cott, b.  at  Danvers  Dec.  6,  1793;  received  a  mercantile  education,  super- 
cargo in  the  East  India  trade,  President  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society,' 
Casliier  of  Salem  Bank;  m.  Sarah  R.  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  (Purbeck) 
Blythe;  d.  at  Northampton,  Dec.  15,  1803. 


204  PROPKIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

8J:.  ExDicoTT,  Nathan,  son  of  Moses  and  Anna  (Towne)  Euclicott,  b. 
at  Dauvers,  Sept.  19,  1790;  captain  and  supercargo,  principally  in  the  Rus- 
sian trade ;  President  of  the  Oriental  Insurance  Co. ;  m.  Margaret  O. 
Hicks  of  Boston ;  d.  August  30,  1857. 

85.  Endicott,  Samuel,  son  of  John  and  Martha  (Putnam)  Eudicott, 
b.  in  Dunvers,  June  1763;  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  William  Putnam  of  Ster- 
ling; d.  May  1,  1828.     Master  mariner  and  merchant. 

86.  Endicott,  Timothy,  son  of  John  and  Martha  (Putnam)  Endicott, 
b.  July  27,  1785;  m.  Harriet  Martin  of  Sterling;  d.  at  Sterling. 

87.  EusTis,  Joshua,  b.  June  15,  1758;  m.,  Lydia,  dau.  of  William  and 
Mary  (Waters)  Shillaber  of  Dauvers;  d.  July  22,  1822.  A  trader  in 
Salem. 

88.  Fabens,  Benjamin,  son  of  William  (No.  89)  and  Rebecca  (Gray) 
Fabens,  b.  Sept.  9,  1785;  m.  1st,  Hannah  Stone;  2d,  Mary  Tay;  d.  May 
24,  1850.     A  merchant. 

89.  Fabens,  William,  son  of  James  and  Sarah  (Henderson)  Fabens,  m. 
Rebecca  Gray,  who  d.  Nov.  11,  1837,  aged  75 ;  d.  April  10,  1828.    Merchant. 

90.  Fabens,  William,  son  of  William  (No.  89)  and  Rebecca  (Gray) 
Fabens,  b.  Dec.  1,  1782;  m.  Sarah  Brown;  d.  Jan.  2,  1834.  Master 
mariner  and  merchant. 

91.  Fakless,  Thomas,  sou  of  Thomas  aud  Sally  (Cook)  Earless,  b.  June 
11,  1787;  m,  Eliza  Conant;    d.  August  21,  1864.      Rigger. 

92.  Farnham,  Putnam  I.,  son  of  James  and  Rebecca  (lugalls)  Farn- 
ham,  b.  in  Northi  Andover,  Mass.,  March  10,  1788 ;  m.  Rebecca  Ingalls  of 
Merrimack,  N.  H. ;  came  to  Salem  in  1813  and  for  many  years  was  a 
prominent  merchant;  removed  to  Roxbury  in  October  1848,  where  he  d. 
Nov.  25,  1852. 

93.  Felt,  John,  sou  of  Jonathan  and  Hannah  (Silsbee)  Felt;  m.  1st, 
Deborah  Skerry  ;  ra.  2d,  widow  Catherine  Turner;  d.  in  1785.     Shoresman. 

93a.  Felt,  John,  son  of  John  (No.  93)  and  Deborah  (Skerry)  Felt,  b. 
Sept.  16,  1754;  m.  July  13,  1780,  Mary  Porter  (b.  Jan.  25,'  1762;  d.  Dec. 
27,  1817)  ;  d.  Sept.  12,  1796.     A  master  mariner. 

94.  Felt,  Joseph. 

95.  Felt,  Joseph,  Jr.,  son  of  John  (No.  93)  and  Catherine  Felt,  m. 
Dec.  29,  1795,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Elisha  and  Sarah  Bradish,  who  d.  Jan.  20, 
1845,  aged  77;  d.  May  30,  1832,  aged  73.     Farmer. 

96.  Felt,  Ephraim,  son  of  John  (No.  93a)  and  Mary  (Porter)  Felt,  b. 
Feb.  16,  1795;  m.  Eliza,  dau.  of  George  Ropes  ;  d.  Dec.  7,  1872. 

97.  Field,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  (Dean)  Field,  bapt. 
April  30,  1732;  m.  Priscilla  Ingalls  of  Marblehead;  d.  Nov.  3,  1786,  aged 
54.     A  boatbuilder  and  merchant. 

98.  Field,  Stephen,  m.  Sally  Hovey;  d.  Jan.  15,  1844,  aged  72.  A 
master  mariner. 

99.  Forrester,  Simon,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elinor  (Haley)  Forrester, 
b.  May  10,  1748;  came  to  Salem  from  Ireland  April  17,  1765;  m.  Rachel 
Hathorne;  d.  July  4,  1817.     A  successful  and  wealthy  merchant. 


PROrRlETOKS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 


205 


100.  FonRKSTKR,  Jonx,  son  of  Simon  (No.  99j  and  Rachel  (Hathorne) 
Forrester,  b.  Oct.  3,  1781;  gr.  Ilarv.  Coll.  1801;  m.  Charlotte,  dau.  of 
Elisha  and  Mchitable  (redrickc)  Story  of  Marblohcad ;  d.  July  I'o,  1837. 
Merchant. 

101.  FosTKU,  Joiix,  son  of  Robert  Foster,  (No.  102)  b.  1770;  m.  Mary, 
dau.  of  Z.  Burchniore  (No.  41);  d.  April  1821.     Master  mariner. 

102.  Foster,  Robkrt,  son  of  Caleb  and  Abigail  (Gould)  Foster,  b.  in 
Salem,  March  11,17-12;  ra.  1st,  Mary  Procter;  2d,  Mrs.  Sarah  Putnam;  3d, 
Mrs.  Lucy  Woodman ;  d.  Aug.  12,  1814.  First  Master  of  Essex  Lodge  of 
F.  and  A.  Masons.   Blacksmith. 

103.  Foster,  Natiianikl,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Sarah  (I)aland)  Foster, 
bapt.  Nov.  7,  1742;  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Yell;  d.  April  29, 
1773,  aged  32. 

104.  Foster,  William  II.,  sou  of  John  (No.  101)  and  Mary  (Burch- 
mbre)  Foster,  Cashier  of  Asiatic  National  Bank,  Salem. 

105.  Frost,  John,  son  of  John  and  Lucy  (Lowe)  Frost,  b.  at  Danvers, 
Dec.  22,  178G;  m.  1st,  Lucy  Frye,  dau.  of  Daniel  (No.  100) ;  d.  Sept.  27, 
1824,  aged  37;  2d,  Hauuah  Buffington,  dau.  of  James  (No.  39).  A  master 
mariner  and  merchant. 

lOG.  Frye,  Daniel,  son  of  William  Frye,  b.  in  Andover  1757;  m.  Pru- 
dence, widow  of  James  Bullington.  For  many  years  kept  a  tavern  in 
Salem;  d.  Nov.  1813. 

107.  Frye,  Nathan,  son  of  William,  b.  in  Andover  Jan.  10,  1755;  m. 
Hannah  Nutting;  d.  Jan.  10,  1810.     A  distiller  in  Salem. 

107a.  FiiYE,  Joseph  S.,  son  of  William  and  Sarah  (Marsliall)  Frye,  b.  at 
Danvers,  Jan.  10,  1802;  m.  May  8,  1825,  Hannah,  dau.  of  John  and  Ilnldah 
Parsons  of  Gilmauton,  N.  II.  (b.  Jan.  23,  1805).  Superintends  a  bark 
grinding  mill,  Goodhue  street,  Salem. 

108.  Fuller,  Elljaii,  son  of  Rev.  Daniel  and  Ilaunah  (Bowers)  Fuller, 
b.  in  Gloucester,  1778;  ra.  1st,  Mary  Phippen,  dau.  of  William  (No.  207): 
2(1,  Harriet  Symonds;  d.  Sept.  22,  1852.  Tinplate  worker.  His  father  for 
fifty  years  was  the  beloved  pastor  of  the  church  in  West  or  2d  Parish, 
Gloucester. 

109.  Gardner,  Henry,  son  of  Samuel  and  Esther  (Ornc)  Gardnef,  b. 
Oct.  17,  1747,  gr,  Harv.  Coll.  1705;  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  John  Turner.  For 
many  years  a  merchant  in  Salem;  retired  afterwards  to  Maiden  where  he 
died  Nov.  8,  1817. 

110.  Gardner,  Weld,  son  of  Samuel  and  Esther  (Orne)  Gardner,  b. 
Dec.  3,  1745;  d.  Nov.  6,  1801.     Merchant. 

111.  Gavett,  Jonathan,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Williams)  Gavett,  b. 
July  3,  1731;  m.  1st,  Sarah  Whittemorc;  2d,  Mary  Symonds;  d.  in  1806. 
Cabinet  maker  and  turner. 

112.  Gavett,  William,  son  of  Jonathan  (No.  Ill)  and  Sarah  (Whitte- 
more;  Gavett,  b.  Jan.  2,  17G7;  m.  Oct.  27,  1799,  Martha,  dau.  of  Peter  and 
Martha  (Grover)  Richardson  of  Woburn ;  (b.  July  15,  1770;  d.  Nov.  9, 
1823) ;  d.  Jan.  8,  185G.     A  turner;    for  many  years  sextou  of  the  church. 


206  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

113.  GERKisn,  James  S.,  teacher  of  the  East  School  from  April  25,  1818, 
to  March  15,  1822,  resigned  aud  soou  opened  a  private  scliool  for  boys  ; 
m.  Dorcas  Barrett  of  Concord  ;  d.  at  Salem,  Aug.  5,  1833,  aged  42. 

114.  Gerrisii,  Samuel,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Margaret  (Cabot)  Gerrish, 
b.  at  Salem,  March  10,  1749;  m.  1st,  Sarah  Williams  of  Marblehead;  2d, 
Elizabeth  Chipman ;  d.  Sept.  2,  1844,  aged  95  years  and  6  months ;  having 
passed  most  of  his  long  life  in  his  home  No.  85  Federal  street. 

115.  GiBBS,  Henry,  son  of  Henry  and  Katharine  (Willard)  Gibbs,  b.  at 
Salem,  May  7,  1749;  gr.  Harv.  Coll'.,  1766.  Having  taught  school  in  sev- 
eral places,  he  afterwards  entered  into  mercantile  business  at  Salem ;  m. 
Mercy,  dau.  of  Benjamin  and  Rebecca  (Minot)  Prescott  (b.  Feb.  5, 1755; 
d.  May  19,  1809)  ;  d.  June  29,  1794. 

116.  GiuBS,  William,  son  of  Henry  (No.  115)  and  Mercy  (Prescott) 
Gibbs,  b.  at  Salem,  Feb.  17,  1785;  resided  at  Salem,  Concord  and  Lex- 
ington ;  m.  Mercy,  dau.  of  Peter  aud  Mary  (Prescott)  Barrett  of  Concord, 
(b.  Sept.  13,  1783 ;  d.  Feb.  7,  1837)  ;  d.  in  Lexington,  Dec.  23,  1853 ;  distin- 
guished for  his  genealogical  and  historical  reseai'ches. 

117.  Glovek,  Jonathan,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Cook)  Glover,  bapt. 
Oct.  25,  1741 ;  m.  Nov.  29,  1764,  Mary  Newhall,  dau.  of  Samuel  Newhall 
of  Lynnfield.     Mariner  aud  fisherman. 

118.  Glover,  Samuel,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Cook)  Glover,  bapt. 
Nov.  13,  1743;  m.  Eunice  West,  June  13,  1771,  who  d.  Dec,  1788,  aged 
47 ;   d. .     A  fisherman  and  mariner. 

119.  GooDALE,  Nathan,  son  of  Joshua  and  Experience  (Judd)  Goodale, 
b.  Dec.  14,  1740;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1759;  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Mitchell  and 
Mary  (Cabot)  Sewall;  d.  at  Newton,  Aug.  9,  1806.  Merchant  at  Salem 
for  several  years,  1st  clerk  of  the  District  Court  of  Mass. 

120.  Goodhue,  Benjamin,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Martha  (Hardy)  Good- 
hue, b.  at  Salem,  Sept.  20,  1748;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1766;  m.  1st,  Frances 
Ritchie  of  Philadelphia;  m.  2d,  Anna  Willard  of  Lancaster;  d.  July  28, 
1814.     Merchant  at  Salem,  Representative  and  Senator  U.  S.  Congress. 

121.  Goodhue,  Jonathan,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Martha  (Hardy)  Good- 
hue, b.  at  Salem,  Dec.  31,  1744;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1764;  m.  Dorothy  Ashton, 
sister  of  Jacob  Ashton  (No.  14) ;   d.  April  19,  1778.     Merchant  in  Salem. 

122.  Goodhue,  William. 

123.  Gould,  James,  son  of  James  and  Margarite  Gould,  bapt.  July  8, 
1736;  m.  Mehitable  Townsend  of  Lynn;  d.  July,  1810,  aged  74.  Deacon 
of  the  church.     Block  maker. 

124.  Gould,  Robert  W.,  son  of  James  W.  and  Mary  (Watts)  Gould,  b. 
at  Salem,  Jan.  9,  1784;  m.  Jan.  12,  1812,  Sarah  Osgood;  d.  April  21, 1873. 
Master  mariner;   several  years  an  officer  in  the  Custom  House. 

125.  Grafton,  Susannah,  dau.  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Grafton,  d.  Oct., 
1794,  aged  73.     Unmarried. 

126.  Gray,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Moses)  Gray,  b.  June  7, 
1765;  ra.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Daniel  and  Priscilla  (Lambert)  Ropes  (b.  Dec.  20, 
1768  ;  d.  March  5,  1844) ;  d.  Oct.  11,  1850.     Boot  and  shoe  manufacturer. 


PROrKIETORS    OF   FIRST    HOUSE.  207 

127.  GwiNN,  TnADDEUS,  son  of  Thomas  Gwiun,  b.  in  Nantucket;  came 
to  Salem  in  early  life,  where  he  resided  until  his  decease  which  occurred 
May  9,  1S20,  aged  GG ;  m.  1st,  Mercy  Beadle;  2d,  widow  Mary  Brown,  a 
dau.  of  Daniel  Kopes  (No.  230).     A  ropcmaker. 

128.  IIastik,  Jamks,  came  from  Scotland  to  Salem,  a  trader;  m.  Sarah, 
youngest  dau.  of  Gabriel  and  Elizabeth  (Keevos)  Ilolman  (bapt.  I\Iarcli 
10,  175-1;  d.  April  2,  1781);  in  1783  he  was  a  resident  of  Newport,  11.  I. 

129.  IIkndkusox,  Bknmamix,  son  of  Benjamin  Henderson;  b.  Dec.  3, 
17G1;  m.  Mary,  dau-  of  Daniel  and  Mary  (Ingalls)  Bray  and  sister  of 
Daniel  Bray  (No.  26) ;  d.  June  28,  1836.  A  soldier  in  the  llevolutiouary 
Army,  afterwards  a  master  mariner. 

130.  Henderson,  Joseph,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  129)  and  Mary  (Bray) 
Henderson,  b.  Oct.  29,  1793;  m.  1st,  Mary  Glazier;  2d,  Elizabeth  Adams; 
d.  Feb.  23,  1856.     Painter. 

131.  Hekkick,  Bahxabas,  sou  of  Daniel  and  Sarah  (Raymond)  Herrick 
of  Beverly,  b.  Oct.  28,  1738;  m.  Lydia  Murray  of  Salem;  d.  at  Salem  in 
1832,  aged  94. 

132.  HiLi.ER,  Joseph,  son  of  Joseph  and  Hannah  (Welsh)  Hiller,  b.  in 
Boston,  March  24,  1748;  m.  Margaret  Cleveland;  d.  in  Lancaster,  Mass., 
Feb.  9,  1814.  A  major  in  U.  S.  Army  during  the  Revolution;  naval  officer 
of  the  Port  of  Salem,  under  the  State  Government,  and  collector  for 
the  same  through  the  whole  of  the  administrations  of  Washington  and 
Adams. 

133.  Hoffman,  Charles.     Merchant,  resides  in  2(1  Cliestnut  street. 

134.  HoLMAN,  SA>ruEL,  son  of  Gabriel  and  Elizabeth  (Reeves)  Ilolman, 
bapt.  Aug.  24,  1737;  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  William  and  Eunice  (BoAvditch) 
Hunt;  d.  Nov.  24,  1825,  aged  89.  Hatter;  he  had  been  deacon  of  the 
church  fifty-two  years. 

135.  HoLMAN,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Ruth  (Hunt)  Holraan,  b. 
Oct.  10,  1764;  m.  Elizabeth  King;  d.  Oct.  24,  1854,  aged  90.  Hatter;  for 
many  years  one  of  the  assessors  of  Salem. 

130.  HoLMAX,  Samuel,  b.  Dec.  21,  1792;  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  George  and 
Hannah  (Phippcn)  Hodges;  d.  at  Audover  on  a  visit,  May  29,  1845.  Mer- 
chant. 

137.  HoLYOKE,  Edward  Augustus,  son  of  Rev.  Edward  and  Margaret 
(Appleton)  Holyoke,  b.  Aug.  1,  1728;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1740;  commenced 
practice  of  medicine  in  Salem  in  1749 ;  m.  June  1,  1755,  Judith,  dau.  of  B. 
Pickman  (No.  209) ;  she  d.  Nov.  19,  175G;  m.  2d,  Nov  22,  1759,  Mary,  dau. 
of  Nath'l  Vial  of  Boston  (b.  Dec.  19,  1737;  d.  April  15,  1802).  He  d. 
March  81,  1829.  A  distinguished  practitioner  of  medicine,  first  President 
of  Mass.  Med.  Society,  also  President  of  Am.  Acad,  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
a  prominent  member  of  the  various  scientific  and  literary  institutions  of 
this  city  during  a  long  and  useful  life. 

138.  Holyoke,  Edward  Augustus,  son  of  William  and  Judith  (Hol- 
yoke) Turner,  a  grandson  of  E.  A.  Holyoke  (No.  137) ;  b.  in  Boston, 
July  12,  1790;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1817.     At  the  close  of  his  studies  in  1821 


208  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

or  22,  dropped  the  name  of  Turner;  m.  Maria  Osgood;  d.  at  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.,  Dec.  19,  1855,  to  which  place  he  removed  several  years  previous, 
from  Salem,  where  he  had  been  a  practitioner  of  medicine. 

139.  Howes,  Fkeuehick,  sou  of  Anthony  and  Bethia  Howes,  b.  at  Den- 
nis in  1782  ;  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  W  illiam  Barley,  of  Beverly  ;  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  In  Salem,  residing  however  for  some  time  in  Danvers, 
and  representing  the  town  in  the  Legislature;  returned  to  Salem  and  was 
for  several  years  Pi'esidentof  Salem  Marine  Insurance  Company;  d.  Nov. 
12,  1855. 

140.  HuBBAKD,  Oliver,  son  of  John  Hubbard,  b.  at  Hamilton,  Aug.  3, 
1770 ;  educated  by  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  M.  Cutler ;  commenced  the  practice  of 
medicine  in  Portland;  came  to  Salem  in  March,  1811,  and  continued  a 
successful  practitioner  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  Aug.  27,  1849 ; 
unmarried. 

141.  IxGEiJSOLL,  JoNATiiAX,  son  of  Nathaniel,  d.  at  Windsor,  Vt.,  July 
9,  1840,  aged  89 ;  a  native  of  Salem  and  from  early  boyhood  followed  the 
seas  for  a  period  of  thirty  years ;  he  retired  upon  a  farm  in  Danvers 
where  he  lived  for  twenty  years,  thence  removed  to  a  beautiful  farm  on 
the  Connecticut  river;  he  m.  1st,  Mary  Hodges;  2d,  Mary  Pool;  3d, 
Sarah,  widow  of  Samuel  Blythe,  and  dau.  of  Aaron  Purbeck  (b.  Feb., 
1759,  d.  March,  1842). 

142.  Ives,  William,  son  of  William  and  Mary  (Bradshaw)  Ives. 
Printer,  and  for  ncarlj'  fifty  years  one  of  the  editors  and  proprietors  of 
the  Salem  Observer. 

143.  Jacobs,  Daniel,  son  of  John  Jacobs,  bapt.  Nov.  5,  1711;  m.  Sarah 
Dudley  of  Boston,  June  17,  1735;  d.  Oct.,  1809,  in  his  99th  year,  having 
lived  to  this  advanced  age  on  his  farm  in  Danvers  near  the  Salem  boundary 
line  in  North  Fields ;  in  early  life  a  shoemaker,  afterwards  a  farmei*. 

144.  Janes,   Joseph,  m.    Oct.   9,    1737,   Lydia,   dau.    of 

George  and  Bethia  (Peters)  Deland  (bapt.  April  14,  1717;  d.  Mai'ch, 
1793). 

144a.  Janes,  Joseph,  sou  of  Joseph  and  Lydia  (Deland)  Janes,  bapt. 
Aug.  28,  1737;  d.  Sept.  1789;   m.  March  26,  17G4,  Mary  Collins. 

145.  Johnson,  Emeky,  son  of  Eli  and  Miriam  (Burbank)  Johnson,  b. 
in  Weston,  Mass.,  Aug.  24,  1790;  m.  March,  1824,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Daniel 

"Saunders  of  Salem;  d.  at  Salem,  Jan.  19,  1845.    Master  mariner  and  mer- 
chant. 

146.  Johnson,  John. 

147.  Johnson,  Samuel,  son  of  Joshua  and  Martha  (Spoiford)  Johnson, 
b.  at  Andover,  Dec.  18,  1790;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1814;  m.  1st,  Anna  Dodge; 
2d,  Lucy  P.  Robinson.  Apractitioner  of  medicine;  resides  in  No.  4  Chest- 
nut street. 

148.  Kimball,  Nathan,  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Lovering)  Kimball,  b. 
at  Wenham,  Aug.  20,  1741 ;  removed  to  Salem,  where  he  d.  May  10,  1808 ; 
m.  Sarah  dau.  of  James  Friend,  of  Wenham  (b.  1740;  d.  May  10,  1808). 
A  shoemaker. 


ruoi'HiiyroKS  of  first  house. 


200 


141).  KiMitALL,  J.vMKs.sou  of  Natluin  (Xo.  148),  b.  Dec.  7,  1777;  m.  Nov. 
29,  1807.  Catlieriiic,  dau.  of  William  and  Mary  (RicliardsoiO  Kussell  (b.  in 
CambiidiTo.  March  4,  1784;    d.  in  Salem,  Feb.  15,  18G1);   d.  Oct.,  1822. 

150.  King,  Jamks,  son  of  James  King,  b.  in  Salem,  May  10,  1752;  d. 
June  3,  1831 ;  m.  1st,  Judith  Norris;  2d,  Elizabeth  Grant.     A  trader. 

151.  King,  John  Glkx,  son  of  James  King  (No.  150),  b.  :Marcli  19, 
1787;  gr.  Ilarv.  Coll.,  1807;  m  Nov.  10,  1815,  Susan  II.,  dau.  of  Frederick 
and  A.  II.  Oilman,  of  Gloucester;  d.  July  20,  1857.  Counsellor  at  law; 
first  president  of  City  Council  of  Salem.  lie  was  tlie  youngest  of  that 
corps  of  scholars  who  gave  the  type  and  cliaractor  to  the  Essex  Bar,  in 
the  generation  that  has  recently  passed  away. 

152.  Knight,  Natii.vxikl,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Sarah  (Mascoll)  Kniglit, 
b.  at  Salem,  May  11,  17G4;  m,  Oct.  2G,  1784,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Ebenezer  and 
Mehitable  (Buttolpli)  "Ward,  who  d.  April  2G,  184G,  aged  85;  d.  Feb.  19, 
1845.  Master  mariner  from  the  port  of  Salem ;  and  many  years  wharf- 
inger of  Derby  wharf. 

153.  Lakkmax,  Ebkx  Kxowltox,  son  of  Richard  and  Lucy  (Knowlton) 
Lakeraan,  b  at  Ipswich,  Dec.  10,  1799;  came  to  Salem  in  his  boyhood, 
where  he  resided  until  his  decease  which  occurred  May  27,  1857;  m.  June 
20,  182G,  Jane,  dau.  of  Benjamin  (No.  250)  and  Jane  Shillabcr.  "Watch- 
maker. 

154.  La.msox,  Asa,  son  of  Asa  and  Deborah  (Cox)  Lamson  of  Beverly, 
m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Knott  Martin  Vickery  of  Beverly;  d.  April  14,  1870, 
aged  77. 

155.  Laxg,  Edwakd  Symmes,  son  of  Edward  and  Rachel  (Ward)  Lang, 
b.  Jan.  21,  1770;  m.  June  5,  179G,  Hannah,  dau.  of  Joseph  (No.  132)  and 
Margaret  (Cleveland)  Hiller  (b.  Sept.  G,  1771;  d.  April,  1823);  m.  2d, 
Rebecca  Brimmer  of  Beverly;  d.  Feb.  12,  1833.  Apothecary,  on  the 
eastern  corner  of  Essex  and  Liberty  Streets. 

156.  Leach,  Robert,  m.  Nov.  29,  1770,  Abigail  Luscomb ;  d.  Nov.  25, 
1825,  aged  78.     Shoreman,  afterwards  merchant. 

157.  Lee,  John  Clarke,  son  of  Nathaniel  Cabot  and  Mary  Ann  (Cabot) 
Lee,  b.  April  9,  1804;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1823;  in.  July  29,  182G,  Harriet 
Paine,  dau.  of  Joseph  Warren  and  Harriet  (Paine)  Rose;  resides  in  No. 
1 1  Chestnut  street. 

158.  Loiu>,  Daxiel,  son  of  Daniel  and  Sarah  (Holland)  Lord,  b.  at 
Ipswich,  March  26,  1783.     Worker  in  marble,  INIarket  wliarf,  Salem. 

159.  Lord,  Joseph  IL,  brother  of  No.  158,  b.  at  Ipswicli,  Nov.  2, 
1794;  m.  Judith,  dau.  of  Ellis  and  Abigail  (Herbert)  Mansfield;  d.  at 
Worcester,  Jan.  6,  18G7.     Resident  of  Salem  many  years.     A  trader. 

160.  Lord,  James,  son  of  Daniel  and  Hannah  (Saflbrd)  Lord,  b.  at  Ips- 
wich, Jan.  9,  1799;  m,  Dec,  1822,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Ebenezer  (No.  165a) 
and  Sarah  (Bufilngton)  Mann  (b.  Oct.  18,  1798);  he  d.  Nov.  11,1871, 
in  Salem.     Tanner. 

161.  Luscomb,  William,  probably  son  of  William  and  Jane  Luscomb, 
bapt.  Apr.  5,  1724;  m.  Sarah  Henderson.     Houscwright. 


210  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

1G2.  LuscoMB,  William,  son  of  William  and  Sarah  (Henderson)  Lus- 
comb,  m.  Jan.  20,  1773,  Susanna  Cook ;  d.  April  10,  1827,  aged  80.    Painter. 

163.  Mc'Intire,  Joseph,  sou  of  John  and  Meliitable  Mc'Iutire,  bapt. 
Feb.  26,  1726-7;  m.  Sarah  Ruck,  March  10,  1746-7;  d.  in  1776.  A  house- 
wright. 

164.  Mc'Intire  Joseph,  son  of  Joseph  (No.  163)  and  Sarah  (Ruck) 
Mc'Intire;  m.  Jan.,  1773,  Ann  Bowdeu  of  Boston,  who  d.  Sept.  1813;  d. 
June  1825,  aged  77.     A  housewright. 

164a.  Mc'Intire,  Joseph,  son  of  Joseph  (No.  164)  and  Ann  (Bowden) 
Mc'Intire,  bapt.  Feb.,  1779;  d.  Sept.  21,  1852.     Unmarried;   a  carver. 

165.  Mc'Intire,  Samuel,  son  of  Joseph  (No.  163)  and  Sarah  (Ruck) 
Mc'Intire,  bapt.  Jan.  16,  1757;  m.  Oct.  31,  1778,  Elizabeth,  dan.  of  Samuel 
(No.  97)  and  Priscilla  (Ingalls)  Field ;  d.  Feb.,  1811.  The  skilful  and  noted 
carver  and  architect  of  Salem. 

165a.  Mann,  Ebenezer,  son  of  Ebenezer  Mann,  b.  at  Pembroke,  Aug. 
6,  1758;  came  to  Salem  in  1783,  and  commenced  building  vessels;  in  1800 
he  engaged  in  the  grocery  business;  m.  Dec.  30,  1791,  Sarah,  dau.  of 
James  and  Prudence  (Proctor)  Buffiugton,  a  sister  of  James  (No.  39),  (b. 
Sept.  27,  1772;   d.  May  17,  1851) ;   he  d.  in  Salem,  March  19,  1836. 

166.  Mansfield,  Jonathan,  came  from  Lynn  and  settled  in  Salem.  A 
trader;  d.  March,  1791,  aged  74. 

167.  Marston,  William,  a  grocer,  in  a  building  which  stood  in  the 
centre  of  Washington  sti-eet,  removed  when  Eastern  Railroad  Tunnel  was 
built  in  1839  ;  d.  May  1818,  aged  67. 

168.  Mason,  David,  son  of  David  and  Susanna  Mason,  b.  in  Boston, 
March  19,  1726;  d.  in  Boston,  Sept.  17,  1794.  He  was  a  n)uritorious 
ofRcer  in  the  Revolution ;  resided  in  Salem  several  years  previous  to  the 
commencement  of  hostilities. 

169.  Merritt,  David,  son  of  David  and  Elizabeth  (Badcock)  Merritt, 
b.  at  Ticehurst,  Sussex  Co.,  England,  April  20,  1775 ;.m.  July  SO,  1804, 
Anne,  dau.  of  William  and  Anne  Ashby  of  Battle,  Sussex;  arrived  in  this 
country,  Oct.  18,  1804;  settled  at  Utica,  N.  Y.,  thence  at  Sackett  Har- 
bor, N.  Y.  and  Marblehead;  came  to  Salem  in  Oct.,  1824.  Trader  till 
the  year  1827;  then  established  a  wagon  express  between  Boston  and 
Salem  and  elsewhere,  after  the  opening  of  the  Eastern  Railroad  by  rail ; 
d.  July  28,  1862. 

170.  Millet,  John,  son  of  Andrew  and  Ruth  Millet,  bapt.  Oct  23.  1737 ; 
m.  1761,  Mary  Roberts,  who  d.  Aug.,  1788,  aged  48 ;  d.  Oct.,  1793.  A 
cooper. 

171.  Morgan,  Theodore,  son  of  Lucas  and  Tryphena  (Smith)  Morgan, 
b.  at  West  Springfield,  Mass.,  Nov.  19,  1778;  m.  Sept.  20,  1806,  Abigail, 
dau.  of  Thomas  Manning ;  d.  at  Salem,  Dec.  10,  1845.     A  watchmaker. 

172.  Moses,  Eleazer,  son  of  Eleazer  and  Mary  Moses;  bapt.  Jan.  19, 
1734;  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Peter  Henderson;  d.  Feb.,  1786.     Sailmakcr. 

173.  Needham,  Benjamin. 

174.  Newhall,  Isaac,  son  of  Joel  and  Lucy  (Mansfield)  Newhall,  b.  in 


riforiiiETOiis  OF  fikst  house.  211 

Lynn,  Aujtj.  24,  1782.  A  tnulor  in  Salcni  several  years;  aullior  of  a 
work,  pnblished  in  1831,  entitled,  "Letters  on  Junius",  lie  was  twice 
married.  His  flrst  wife  was  Sarah  Lewis,  who  d.  May.  1821 ;  he  returned 
to  Lynn  and  spent  his  latter  days  at  tiie  old  honjestead,  and  there  d.  July 

0,  isr)8. 

175.  Ni:wiiAi,L,'jEnK>riAn,  son  of  Jeremiah  and  Sarah  (Bates)  Newhall, 
b.  in  Lynn,  Dec.  25,  1737;  m.  1761.  Elizabeth  Grant.     Ilousewright. 

17G.  Newiiai.l,  JoiCL,  son  of  Joel  and  Lucy  (Mansfield)  Newhall,  b.  in 
Lynn,  Oct.  12,  1779.  A  trader  in  Salem  with  his  brother  Isaac  (No.  174), 
afterwards  kept  a  dry  goods  store  in  Marblehead ;  he  returned  to  the  old 
homestead  in  Lynn,  and  d.  there  Oct.  8,  1839. 

177.  Nichols,  Ichabod.  sou  of  David  and  Hannah  (Gaskell)  Nichols, 
b.  in  Salem,  Apr.  20,  1749;  resided  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  several  years  of 
his  early  life.  INIerchant  in  Salem ;  m.  Lydia,  dan.  of  Benjamin  and  Ruth 
(Hardy)  Kopcs  (1).  Dec.  4,  1754 ;  d.  Feb.  25,  1835)  ;  he  d.  at  Salem,  July 
2,  1839. 

178.  Nichols,  Benjamin  Ropes,  son  of  Ichabod  (No.  177)  and  Lydia 
(Ropes)  Nichols,  b.  at  Portsmouth,  May  18,  178G;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1804. 
Counsellor  at  Law,  in  Salem,  many  years ;  and  from  1824,  until  his  decease, 
in  Boston,  which  occurred  April  30,  1848;  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Timothy  and 
Rebecca  (White)  Pickering. 

179.  Nichols,  Geokge,  son  of  Ichabod  ,(No.  177)  and  Lydia  (Ropes) 
Nichols,  b.  at  Salem,  July  4,  1778;  m.  1st,  Sally;  2d,  Lydia  Peirce,  dau.  of 
Jerathmael  and  Sarah  (Ropes)  Peirce;  d.  Oct.  19,  1865.  Merchant  in 
Salem. 

180.  Nichols,  Samuel,  son  of  Stephen  and  Abigail  (Moultou)  Nichols, 
b.  Dec.  G,  1800;  m.  Dec.  17,  1826,  Mary  M.  Fliut;  d.  Oct.  17,  1854.  A 
tanner  in  Salem. 

181.  Nichols,  William  Fkye,  son  of  Ichabod  and  Cassandra  (Frye) 
Nichols,  b.  Apr.  4,  1801 ;  m.  June  8,  1830,  Abigail,  dau.  of  James  (No.  39) 
BuflSngton.     A  tanner  in  Salem. 

182.  NouTiiEY,  Ai5i.L\H,  SOU  of  Abijali  and  Abigail  (Wood)  Northey,  m. 
1st,  April  18,  1795,  Sally  G.  King;  2d,  Lj'dia,  dau.  of  Gabriel  and  Lydia 

(Mansfield)   Holman   (b.  Dec.  9,  1777; );  d.  Oct.  25,   1853, 

aged  79:]  years.     Master  mariner  and  merchant. 

183.  NuTTiNO,  John,  b.  in  Cambridge,  Jan.  7,  1694;  gr.  Harv.  Coll., 
1712;  came  to  Salem  in  1718,  and  kept  the  school  for  many  years ;  col- 
lector of  the  port  at  difierent  times ;  register  of  deeds,  etc. ;  m.  Feb.  12, 
1719-20,  Ruth  Gardner,  she  d.  Nov.  12,  1736;  m.  2d,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
Benjamin  and  Abigail  (Lindall)  Pickman  (b.  Jan.  22,  1714;  d.  June  10, 
1785)  ;  d.  May  20,  1790,  aged  96 ;  the  oldest  graduate  for  several  years  on 
the  College  catalogue. 

184.  Olivek,  William  W.,  son  of  Hubbard  and  Rebecca  (Wallis)  Oliver, 
d.  Dec.  29,  1869,  aged  91.  Many  years  deputy  collector  of  the  customs  at 
the  port  of  Salem. 

185.  OsBOijN,  William. 


212  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

185a.  OuMAN,  Sarah,  daa.  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  (Ruck)  Orman,  d.  at 
Salem,  Sept.  21,  1843,  aged  79.     Unmarried. 

186.  Osgood,  Joseph,  sou  of  Joseph  and  Margaret  Osgood  of  Andover, 
m.  June  14,  1770,  Lucretia,  dau.  of  Miles  and  Hannah  (Derbj')  Ward  (b. 
Aug.  28,  1748;  d.  Sept.,  1809);  d.  June,  1812,  aged  65.  A  physician  in 
Danvers  and  Salem. 

187.  Osgood,  Jo.seph,  son  of  Dr.  Joseph  Osgood  (No.  186)  ;  m.  Oct.  23, 
1796,  Mary,  dan.  of  Ebenezer  and  Hannah  (Hunt)  Beckford  (b.  Sept.  23, 
1774;  d.  March,   1822,  aged  47)  j   d.  in  England  in  1806.     Supercargo  of 

"~      ship  George  Washington. 

188.  Osgood,  Isaac,  son  of  Peter  and  Sarah  (Johnson)  Osgood,  b.  at 
North  Andover,  July  15,  1756;  m.  1st,  Sally  Pickmau,  Oct.  12,  1790,  who 
d.  Aug.  10,  1791,  aged  20;  2d,  Rebecca  T.  Pickman,  Dec.  8,  1794,  who  d. 
Aug.  29,  1801,  aged  29;  daughters  of  C.  G.  Pickman  (No.  213);  m.  3d, 
Mary  T.,  dau.  of  Benjamin  Pickman  (No.  210),  June  28,  1803,  who  d. 
Sept.  7,  1856,  aged  90.  Resident  of  Salem  and  Andover;  an  underwriter, 
clerk  of  the  courts  of  Essex ;    d.  at  Andover,  Sept.  30,  1847. 

189.  Osgood,  John,  son  of  John  and  Susanna  (Williams)  Osgood  of 
Salem,  bapt.  Sept.  18,  1757:  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  William  and  Ann  (Well- 

— man)   Messervy,  Oct.  1782;   he  d.  Dec.  2,  1826,  aged  69.     Master  mariner 
and  merchant. 

190.  Osgood,  Nathaniel  Ward,  son  of  Joseph  Osgood,  Jr.  (No.  187), 
m.  June  26,  1822,  Mary  B.  Archer;  d.  Marcli  21,  1863,  aged  65.     Tanner. 

191.  Page,  Jeremiah,  son  of  Samuel  and  Rebecca  (Putnam)  Page,  b. 
in  Danvers,  June  2.  1796;  m.  Mary  Pindar  of  Danvers;  d.  at  Salem,  Nov. 

--    1,  1867.     Master  mariner,  and  president  of  Salem  Marine  Insurance  Com- 
pany. 

192.  Page,  Ruth,  dau.  of  Samuel  Holman  (No.  134),  b.  June  15,  17G1; 
d.  Sept.  28,  1833;  m.  John  Page,  the  second  son  of  Samuel  and  Eliza- 
beth Page  of  Medford  (b.  in  Medford,  Nov.  20,  1751 ;  d.  in  Salem,  Dec. 
1,  1838)  who  was  connected  in  the  ship  chandlery  business  for  upwards 
of  forty  years  in  Salem  under  the  firm  of  Page  and  Ropes.  He  was  a  rev- 
olutionary veteran. 

193.  Page,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Lois  (Lee)  Page,  b.  Nov.  14, 
■^     1777;  m.  Dec.  2,  1810,  Jane,  dau.  of  Henry  (No.  238)  and  Lydia  (Janes) 

Rust,  she  d.  Dec.  25,  1843,  aged  60;    d.  Feb.  1,  1834.     Master  mariner. 

194.  Palfray,  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  and  Martha  (Crowninshield) 
^  Palfray,  b.  1793;  m.  Dec.  18,  1821,  Hannah  Dale;  d. 

at  sea.     Master  mariner. 

195.  Parsons,  Oliver,  b.  in  Gloucester;  in.  Apr.  15,  1816,  Betsey  Ives; 
d.  at  Worcester,  Aug.  25,  1845,  aged  60.     Blacksmith. 

196.  Payson,  Edward  H.,  son  of  Lemuel  and  Joanna  (Newhall)  Pay- 
son,  m.  Amelia  Melius.     Cashier  of  First  National  Bank,  Salem. 

197.  Peabody,  Nathaniel,  son  of  Isaac  and  Mary  (Potter)  Peabody, 
b.  March  30,  1774;  gr.  Dart.  Coll.,  1800;  m.  Nov.  2,  1802,  Elizabeth 
Palmer;  d.  in  Boston,  Jan.  I,  1855.     For  many  years  a  dentist  in  Salem. 


rROPKlETOHS    OF    FIltST    IIOUSK.  :^  1 3 

1!>S.  Tkaiiody,  Josi'.i'ii,  son  ol'  Fr;iiu'is  and  Margnrrl  (Kniglit)  reabod}', 
b.  in  Miikllcton,  Doc.  ll',  17.">7;  ni.  1st,  Ang.  L'8,  1791,  Catharino;  2d, 
Oct.  24,  17'J5,  Elizabeth,  daughtois  of  Kvv.  Ellas  Smith  of  Middleton;  d. 
Jan.  5,  1844.  An  eminent  nierdianl  at  Salt  m  and  cxtonsively  known 
tluoughont  the  commercial  world. 

199.  Pkaijooy,  Fkaxcis,  son  of  Josopli  (No.  lO.s)  and  Elizalieth  (Smith) 
Peabody,  b.  Dec.  7,  1801  ;  m.  Jnly  7,  1823,  Martha,  dan.  of  Samuel  (No. 
85)  and  Elizabeth  (Putnam)  Endicott;  d.  at  Salem,  Oct.  31,  18G7.  A  mer- 
chant and  manufacturer. 

200.  Pkahody,  JosKi'ii  Augustus,  son  of  Joseph  (198)  and  Elizabeth 
(Smith)  Peabody,  b.  Aug.  7,  179G;  gr.  llarv.  Coll.  181G;  m.  Louisa,  dau. 
of  Samuel  (No.  228)  and  Sarah  (Gool)  Putnam,  Sept.  3,  1821 ;  d.  June  18, 
1828.     A  merchant  at  Salem. 

201.  Peabody,  Joskpii  W.,  son  of  Asa  and  Anna  (Gould)  Peabody,  b. 
in  Middleton,  May  18,  1787  ;  m.  Harriet  French  of  Milford,  N.  H. ;  d.  Sept, 
16,  1842.     Merchant. 

202.  Pkabooy,  Samukl,  son  of  Bimsloy  and  Ruth  (Marston)  Peabody 
of  Middleton  and  Boxlbrd,  b.  Jan.  7,  17.59;  m.  Sept.  21,  1782,  Abigail 
Trask;  d.  Jan.  2t),  1839.     A  grocer  in  Salem. 

203.  Pkiuck,  Bicxjamix,  son  of  Jeruthmael  and  Sarah  (Ropes)  Peirce, 
b.  Sept.  30,  1778;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1801;  m.  his  cousin  Lydia  R.,  dau.  of 
Ichabod  (No.  177)  and  Lydia  (Ropes)  Nichols  (b.  Jan.  3,  1781;  d.  at 
Cambridge,  Oct.  22,  18GS).  Merchant  for  many  years  at  Salem;  in  I82G 
was  appointed  Lil)ruriau  at  Harvard  College  Library  and  d.  in  Cambridge, 
July  26,  1831. 

204.  Peirce,  Nathan,  son  of  Nathan  and  Sarah  Peirce,  b.  at  Newbury, 
June  17,  1749;  d.  at  Salem,  May  22,  1812;  his  wife  Rebecca,  widow  of 
John  Hill,  dau.  of  Mr.  Allen,  b  1742;  d.  July  18,  1815.  In  early  life  a 
tobacconist;   afterwards  a  successful  merchant. 

205.  PuiLi.irs,  Stkimikx,  sou  of  Stephen  and  Elizabeth  (Elkins)  Phillips) 
b.  in  Marblchcad,  Nov.  13,  17G1.  In  early  life  was  a  shipmaster;  in  1800 
moved  to  Salem  and  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits ;  m.  1st,  Dorcas  dau. 
of  Dudley  and  Dorcas  (March)  Woodbridge,  she  d.  June,  1802,  aged  29  ;  m. 
2d,  Eliza,  dau.  of  Nathan  Peirce  (No.  204)  ;  he  d.  at  Salem,  Oct.  19,  1838. 

206.  PuipPEX,  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  and  Margaret  (Driver)  Phippen, 
b.  Dec.  25,  1750;  m.  Dec.  27,  1774,  Rebecca  Wellman  (b.  Oct.  3,  1755); 
d.  Dec.  22,  1839.     A  mariner. 

207.  PiiiPPEX,  William,  brother  of  (No.  206)  and  son  of  Thomas  and 
Margaret  (Driver)  Phippen,  b.  Feb.  27,  1752;  m.  Nov.  22,  1777,  Lois 
Ilitchings  of  Lynn,  and  had  among  other  children,  Lois,  wife  of  B.  Balch 
(No.  15)  and  Mary,  wife  of  E.  Fuller  (No.  108;  ;  m.  2d,  widow  Anna  Ring; 
d.  in  1796.     A  trader. 

208.  PicKEiuxG,  Joiix,  sou  of  William  and  Eunice  (Pickering)  Pick- 
ering, b.  Jan.  2,  1738;  m.  Hannah  Ingcrsoll,  sister  of  Jonathan  (No.  141); 
removed  to  Richmond,  N.  H.,  where  he  d.  Oct.  27, 1823;  his  wife  Hannah, 
d.  Jan.  5,  1795,  aged  55. 


214  PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST   HOUSE. 

209.  PiCKMAN,  Benjamin,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Abigail  (Liudall)  Pick- 
man,  b.  Jan.  28,  1707;  m.  Oct.,  1731,  Love  Kawlins,  who  d.  June  9,  1786, 
aged  77;  lie  d.  Aug.  20,  1773.  Merchant,  judge  of  Common  Pleas  Court, 
etc. 

210.  PiCKMAN,  Benjamin,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  209)  and  Love  Rawlins 
Pickmau,  b.  Nov.  7,  1740;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1759;  ra.  Apr.  22,  17C2,  Mary 
Toppan,  who  d.  in  1817;  he  d.  May  12,  1819.     Merchant. 

211.  PiCKMAN,  Benjamin,  son  of  Benjamin  (210)  and  Mary  Toppan 
Pickmau,  b.  Sept.  30,  1763;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  178-1;  m.  Oct.  20,  1789,  Austiss, 
dau.  of  E.  Hasket  Derby  (b.  Oct.  6,  1769;  d.  June  1,  1836);  d.  Aug.  16, 
1813.  Merchant,  Representative  and  Senator  in  Massachusetts  Legisla- 
ture;  member  of  tlie  Constitutional  Convention,  Massachusetts,  1820,  and 
of  the  Executive  Council  of  Massachusetts;  and  Representative  in  United 
States  Congress  1809-11. 

212.  PiCKMAN,  Clarke  Gayton,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  209)  and  Love 
(Rawlins)  Pickmau,  b.  July  30,  1746;  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Timotliy  and 
Rebecca  (Taylor)  Orne  (b.  June  5,  1752;  d.  Sept.,  1812);  d.  Nov.  29, 
1781.     Merchant. 

213.  PiCKMAN,  William,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  209)  and  Love  (Rawlins) 
Pickmau,  b.  March  12,  1748;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1766;  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
Rev.  Dudley  and  Mary  (Pickering)  Leavitt  (b.  Sept.  16,  1759;  d.  Oct.  13, 
1782);  he  d.  Nov.  5,  1815.  Merchant  and  naval  officer  of  the  Port  of 
Salem. 

214.  PiCKMAN,  William,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  210)  and  Mary  Toppan 
Pickmau,  b.  June  25,  1774;  d.  May  1,  1857.  In  early  life  a  merchant  in 
Boston ;  lived  many  years  iu  Salem ;  retired  from  the  active  duties  of 
life. 

215.  PiCKMAN,  Dudley  Leavitt,  son  of  William  (No.  213)  and  Elizabeth 
(Leavitt)  Pickman,  bapt.  May,  1779;  m.  Sept.  6,  1810,  Catherine,  dau.  of 
Thomas  and  Elizabeth  (Elkins)  Saunders  (bapt.  Aug.  29,  1784;  d.  May 
18,  1823)  ;  d.  Nov.  4,  1846.     Merchant. 

216.  PiCKMAN,  Thomas,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  210)  and  Mary.  Toppan 
Pickman,  b.  May  10,  1773;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1791;  m.  1st,  Mary,  dau.  of 
Capt.  Jonathan  Haraden,  she  d.  Sept.,  1806,  aged  31;  m.  2d,  Sophia,  dau. 
of  Joseph  P.  and  Catherine  H.  Palmer  (b.  in  Boston ;  d.  iu  Salem,  Dec. 
22,  1862,  aged  76)  ;   d.  Jan.  2,  1817.     A  physician  in  Salem. 

217.  PiNEL,  Philip  Payn,  b.  in  Grovvville,  Isle  of  Jersey,  July  9,  1782; 
m.  Jan.  5,  1812,  Susan,  dau.  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah  (Shillaber)  Peters; 
d.  in  Salem,  Nov.  21,  1864.     A  master  mariner. 

218.  Pitman,  Benjamin,  sou  of  Michael  and  Sarah  (Carwick)  Pitman, 
b.  Dec.  24,  1792;  m.  July  26,  1825,  Catherine,  dau.  of  Jacob  (No.  244) 
Sanderson,  and  widow  of  Henry  Carwick ;  resides  in  Andover  street. 
Book-keeper,  many  years,  in  Asiatic  Bank,  Salem. 

219.  Pope,  Ebenezer,  son  of  Eben  and  Sarah  (Pope)  Pope,  b.  in  Dan- 
vers,  July  7,  1759;  m.  Aug.,  1779,  Mehitable,  dau.  of  Capt.  Samuel  and 
Mehitable  (Williams)  Carroll,  she  d.  in  178.4;  m.  2d,  Jan.  31,  1790,  Lydia, 


PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST    HOUSE.  215 

widow  of  Jaiiios  Hayes  of  Sakin.  and  dan.  of  William  Darling  of  Cam- 
bridge, she  d.  Feb.  10,  181(!,  ai,aHl  02 ;  he  d.  Feb.  U,  l.si'l.  A  baker  in 
Salem. 

220.  PouTicu,  Ebkn'kzek,  came  from  Wenham  to  Salem.  Ilouscwright ; 
m.  Nov.  10,  1771,  Mary,  dau.  of  John  and  Sarah  (Titcomb)  Ropes. 

221.  PoTTEii,  Jesse,  sou  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Safiord)  Potter,  b. 
at  Ipswich  Hamlet  (Hamilton),  Dec.  27,  1782;  m.  Nov.  5,  1819,  Susan, 
dau.  of  Samnel  and  Mary  (Stevens)  Punchard  (b.  Jan.  10,  17'JU;  d.  Jau. 
10,  1844) ;   d.  at  sea,  Aug.  28,  182D.     A  master  mariner. 

222.  Pkoctok,  Hobkht,  son  of  Robert  and  Hannah  (Goodhue)  Proctor, 
b.  at  Salem,  Dec.  23,  17G0;  m.  Nov.  28,  1808,  Lydia  Kilburu  (d.  Feb.  18, 
1857,  aged  7G) :  d.  Dec.  4,  1841.     A  trader  and  farmer. 

223.  Pkoctok,  William,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Masnry)  Proc- 
tor, b.  at  Salem;  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  (Peirce)  Holman 
(b.  July  28,  1792; ).  Merchant;  iu  1827  removed  to  Brook- 
lyn, N.  y. 

224.  PURBECK,  WlLlJAM. 

225.  Putnam,  Allen,  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  (Fitz)  Putnam,  b.  Dec. 
12,  1794;  m.  Eliza,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Rebecca  (Putnam)  Page,  a  sister 
of  Jeremiah  (No.  191);  .she  d.  July  15,  1864,  aged  70;  he  d.  Sept.  5,  18C8. 
Master  mariner;  President  of  East  India  Marine  Society,  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death  one  of  the  assessors  of  Salem. 

22G.  Putnam,  Baktiiolomew,  son  of  Bartholomew  and  Ruth  (Gardner) 
Putnam,  b.  at  Salem,  Feb.  2,  1737;  d,  Apr.  17,  1815;  in.  May  13,  1760, 
Sarah,  dau.  of  Gamaliel  Hodges  (b.  July  31,  1740;  d.  Oct.  17,  1830).  Sur- 
veyor of  the  port. 

227.  Putnam,  Nathaniel,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Mary  (Ober)  Putnam, 
b.  in  Danvers,  March  2,  1774;  m  1st,  Polly  Warner;  2d,  Hannah,  dau.  of 
Simon  and  Mehitable  (Dutch)  Pendar;  3d,  Betsey  Waters.  Removed  to 
New  York  city  about  1830,  and  d.  iu  that  place  June  10,  1849 ;  when  a  resi- 
dent of  Danvers,  a  trader;  in  New  York  a  commission  merchant. 

228.  Putnam,  Samuel,  son  of  Gideon  and  Hannah  Putnam,  b.  in  Dan- 
vers, Apr.  13,  1768;  gr.  Hiirv.  Coll.,  1787;  m.  Oct.  28,  1795,  Sarah,  dau.  of 
John  and  Lois  (Pickering)  Gool.  For  many  years  a  pi'ominent  lawyer  and 
politician  in  Salem,  Justice  in  Supreme  Court  of  Mass. ;  removed  to 
Boston  in  1833 ;  d.  at  Somerville,  July  3,  1853. 

229.  Rea,  Akchelaus,  son  of  Archelaus  and  Mary  (Cook)  Rea,  b.  Feb. 
12,  1778;  m.  Nov.  17,  1805,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Jonathan  Mason,  Jr.,  2d, 
Apr.  17,  1814,  Maria  March  Woodbridge.  Master  mariner  and  agent  of 
Salem  Iron  Factory  Company ;  about  1840,  he  moved  to  Roxbury  where 
he  d.  Aug.  18,  1864,  aged  76. 

230.  Rea,  Samuel,  son  of  Archelaus  and  ilary  (Cook)  Rea,  b.  Feb.  3, 
1782;  m.  Sept.  3,  1807,  Sarah,  dau.  of  James  and  Eunice  (Carlton)  Barr, 
(b.  July  3,  1782;  d.  Nov.  17,  1862)  ;  he  d.  Sept.  30,  1842.  Master  mariner 
and  merchant. 

231.  RoBEiiTS,  William,  .son  of  William   and  Rebecca  (Goldthwaite) 


216  PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE. 

Roberts,  b.  in  Soutli  Parish  of  Danvers  (Peabody),  Sept.  3,  1783;  m. 
June  21,  1805,  Sall3s  dau.  of  Elijah  (No.  213)  and  Mary  Sauuderson  ;  d. 
at  Salem,  March  30,  1872.     Mason. 

232.  Rogers,  Nathaniel,  son  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  and  Mary  (Burnhaixi) 
(Staniford)  Rogers,  b.  at  Ipswich,  March  11,  1762;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1782; 
m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Col.  Abraham  Dodge  of  Ipswich;  d.  at  Saco,  Me.,  in 
1799.  He  removed  to  Salem  about  1788,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  were 
eminently  successful  as  teachers. 

233.  RoGRiJS,  Natiianikl  Levekett,  son  of  Nathaniel  (No.  232)  and 
Abigail  (Dodge)  Rogers,  b.  at  Ipsvvich,  Aug.  G,  1785;  ra.  Oct.  24,  1813, 
Harriet,  dau.  of  Aaron  and  Elizabeth  (Call)  Waite;  d.  July  31,  1858. 
Merchant;  President  of  East  India  Marine  Society,  and  held  other  offices 
of  trust  and  honor. 

234.  Rogers,  John  Whittingham,  son  of  Nathaniel  (No.  232)  and 
Abigail  (Dodge)  Rogers,  b.  at  Ipswich,  Nov.  10,  1787;  came  to  Salem  in 
early  childhood;  received  a  mercantile  education.  Merchant  in  Salem 
and  Boston;  m.  Anstiss,  dau.  of  Benjamin  (No.  211)  and  Austiss  (Derby) 
Pickman;  d.  in  Boston,  Dec.  9,  1872. 

235.  Ropes,  Jaxe,  dau.  of  Mr.  Bartlett  of  Exeter,  N.  II.,  m.  John 
Ropes  of  Salem,  a  son  of  John  and  Dorothea  (Bartlett)  Ropes  (b.  July  27, 
1709;  d.,  1761 ;  a  trader)  ;    she  survived  him  until  the  summer  of  1781. 

236.  Roi'Es,  Daniel,  son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Ropes,  b.  June  13, 
1737;  m.  Nov.  19,  1701,  Priscilla,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Williams) 
Lambert  (b.  Feb.  25,  1738;  d.  Sept.  22,  1808);  he  d.  Oct.  8,  1821.  A 
cordwainer. 

237.  Ross,  Joseph. 

238.  Rust,  IIenky,  came  from  Gloucester  to  Salem  when  a  young- man, 
and  was  successful  in  his  business  operations,  b.  Aug.  23,  1737;  d.  Sept. 
28,  1812;  m.  Dec.  25,  1759,  Lydia  Janes  (b.  May  12,  1740;  d.  Aug.  23, 
1808);  m.  2d,  Abigail  (Benson)  Foster,  who  d.  Jan.  1823,  aged  78. 

239.  Rust,  Jacob  Parsons,  son  of  Henry  (No.  238)  iind  Lydia  (Janes) 
Rust,  b.  Aug.  15,  1774;  m.  Mary  Adams  of  Boston,  who  d.  Oct.  1817,  aged 
41 ;  he  d.  at  Boston,  Jan.  5,  1828,  aged  54.     Merchant  at  Salem  and  Boston. 

240.  Saeford,  Abraham,  son  of ,  b.  in  Ipswich,  March  20, 

1735;  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Dennis;  d.  in  Bath,  N.  IL,  Jan.  5, 
1829.  In  early  life  was  engaged  in  the  French  and  Indian  war ;  on  the  19th 
of  April  1775  was  lieutenant  of  the  Salem  Company  and  in  command  of 
tlie  same,  the  captain  being  sick. 

241.  Saltonstall,  Leverett,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Anna  (White) 
Saltonstall,  b.  at  Haverhill,  June  13,  1783;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1802;  m.  March 
7,  1811,  Mary  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  (Elkins)  Sanders 
who  d.  Jan.  11,  1858,  aged  70;  d.  May  8,  1845.  Lawyer  in  Salem;  Speaker 
of  Mass.  House  of  Representatives;  President  of. Mass.  Senate;  Rep- 
resentative U.  S.  Cong. ;  first  Mayor  of  the  city  of  Salem. 

242.  Saltonstall,  Nathaniel,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Anna  (White) 
Saltonstall,   b.    at  Haverhill,  Oct.    1,  1784;  m.  Nov.    20,  1820,    Caroline, 


PROPRIETORS   OF   FIRST   MOUSE.  217 

youngest  dau.  of  Thomas  ami  Elizabeth  (Elkins)  Sanders;  d.  at  New 
Market,  N.  II.,  Oct.  1!),  18;5.s,  durliij;  a  visit,  in  the  perrorniance  of  his  duties 
as  treasurer  of  the  manufacturing  corporation  in  that  place.  Merchant 
at  Baltiuuire  and  Salem. 

243.  Sandkkson,  Elijah,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Mary  (Hemls)  Sanderson, 
b.  at  Waltiiam,  Oct.  10,  1751 ;  m.  Mary  Mulliken,  of  Lexington,  who  d.  at 
Salem,  Oct.  23,  1843,  aged  86;  d.  at  Salem,  Feb.  15,  1S25.  Cabinet  maker; 
for  many  years  deacon  of  the  church. 

244.  Sanueusox,  Jacob,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Mary  (Bemis)  Sanderson, 
b.  at  Waltham,  Oct.  21,  1757;  m.  June  2G,  1781,  Catherine  Harrington  of 
Watertown  (b.  Aug.  26,  1755;  d.  Dec,  1811);  d.  at  Salem,  Feb.  12,  1810. 
Cabinet  maker. 

245.  Sandkrsox,  Jonx,  son  of  Elijah  (No.  243)  and  Mary  (Mulliken) 
Sauderson,  b.  at  Salem,  Jan.  21,  17U7;  m.  Dec.  7,  1824,  Abigail  Haskell; 
d.  Oct.  26,  1858.     Cabinet  maker. 

246.  Sanders,  Charles,  eldest  sou  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  (Elkins) 
Sanders,  b.  in  Salem;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.  1802;  m.  Charlotte,  dau.  of  Ichabod 
(No.  177)  and  Lydia  (Ropes)  Nichols  (b.  at  Portsmouth,  Nov.  26,  1788; 
d.  at  Cambridge,  March  29,  1872) ;  he  d.  at  Cambridge,  April  7,  1864, 
aged  80.  Merchant  in  Salem;  steward  of  Harv.  Coll.  1827-30;  resided 
principally  at  Salem  and  Cambridge,  occasionally  at  Boxford  and  other 
places. 

247.  Saunders,  Joxathax  Peele,  son  of  Daniel  and  Sarah  (Peele) 
Saunders,  bapt.  July  10,  1785;  m.  Dec.  26,  1811,  Mary,  dau.  of  Moses 
and  Sarah  Adams,  (b.  in  Beverly;  d.  in  Salem,  May  5,  1871,  aged  80) ;  he 
d.  Feb.  22,  1844,  aged  58.     A  surveyor,  and  many  years  town  clerk. 

248.  Scobie,  John,  came  from  Scotland  to  Salem;  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of 
Jonathan  Mason  and  widow  of  Benjamin  Mally;  d.  July,  1853,  aged  59. 
A  trader. 

249.  Seccomb,  Ebexezek,  sou  of  Joseph  and  Ruth  (Brooks)  Seccomb, 
b.  at  Kingston,  N.  H.,  June  19,  1778;  m.  Nov.  27,  1802,  Hannah  Williams, 
who  d.  Nov.  17,  1810,  aged  30;  m.  2d,  Mary,  dau.  of  William  and  Meliit- 
able  (Osgood)  Marston,  who  d.  April,  1824,  aged  40;  he  d.  June  21,  1835. 
A  merchant  in  Salem. 

250.  Shillaber,  Bex.iamin,  son  of  William  and  Mary  (Waters)  Shil- 
laber,  b.  June  27,  1758,  at  Danvers;  m.  Nov.  19,  1784,  Sarah  Proctor,  Avho 
d.  July  21,  1794,  aged  38;  m.  2d,  Sept.  15,  1795,  Jane,  dau.  of  John  and 
Abigail  (Hawkes)  Ropes,  and  widow  of  John  Titcombe;  (b.  Jan.  7,  1769; 
d.  April  19,  1842).     He  d.  Aug.  16,  1823.     Master  mariner. 

250a.  Shillaber,  Benjamin,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  250),  b.  June  20, 
1788;  m.  1st,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Col  John  Hathorne;  she  d.  Aug.  1824,  aged 
31;  2d,  Sarah  Austin;  d.  Dec.  31,  1.^40.     Master  mariner. 

251.  Shillaber,  Ebenezer,  son  of  Samuel  and  Susanna  (Reeves)  Shil- 
laber, m.  1st,  Deborah,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Putnam)  Endicott, 
(bapt.  March  17,  1767;  d.  Nov.,  1801);  m.  2d,  Hannah  Jones,  of  Beverly, 
who  survived  him ;  he  d.  Dec,  1807,  aged  43.    Master  mariner. 

14 


218  PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST   HOUSE. 

252.  Shillauer,  Sally,  dau.  of  Beujamin  Sbilhiber  (No.  250),  b.  April 
27,  1792.     Resides  in  Salem. 

253.  SiiKEVE,  Benjamin,  b.  Dec.  6,  1780;  m.  July  8,  1804,  Mary,  dau.  of 
Benjamin  Goodhue  (No.  120),  (b.  Oct.  15,  1781;  d.  June  30,  1839);  d. 
March  8,  1839.  Master  mariner,  and  merchant  in  Salem.  Treasurer  of 
Salem  Savings  Banlj. 

254.  Sibley,  Littleeield,  son  of  Samuel  and  Merebah  (Bartlett)  Sib- 
ley, b.  May,  1739;  m.  Sarah  Lambert;  d.  at  sea  in  1780.  Master  mariner 
and  commanded  the  Letter  of  Marque  schooner  Nancy. 

255.  Skehuy,  EPiiKAiM,  son  of  Francis  and  Hannah  Skerry,  bapt.  Feb. 
1,  1746;  d.  Jan.,  1821. 

25G.  Skerry,  Fj£ancis,  son  of  Ephraim  and  Margaret  (Silsbee)  Skerry, 
bapt.  March  15, 1719;  m.  Nov.  11,  1741,  AnnaSymonds;  d.  1790.    Yeoman. 

257.  Skerry,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Lydia  (Cheever)  Skerry,  b. 
Jan.  18,  1772 ;  m.  Sept.  9,  1798,  Content,  dau.  of  Ebenezer  (No.  282)  and 
Mehitable  (Buttolph)  Ward  (b.  Sept.  2,  1773;  d.  May  6,  1854)  ;  d.  at  Salem, 
Oct.  23,  1808;  a  master  mariner;  a  few  years  previous  to  his  death  had 
retired  to  a  farm  in  Brookfield. 

258.  Smith,  Jesse,  son  of  Aaron  and  Lucy  (Baker)  Smith ;  b.  at 
Ipswich,  Dec.  12,  1789;  came  to  Salem  when  young  and  learned  the 
watch  maker's  trade,  and  was  engaged  in  this  business  during  his  life ;  m. 
Priscilla  Treadwell;   d.  July  4,  18G6. 

259.  Smith,  Ebenezei!,  b.  at  Ipswich,  Sept.  24,  17G7;  m.  Sally  Griffen, 
March  22,  1789,  who  d.  July  1,  1824,  aged  59;  he  d.  June  5,  1825,  aged  57. 
A  baker  in  Salem. 

260.  Sprague,  Joseph,  son  of  Major  Josepli  Sprague.  gr.  Harv.  Coll., 
1792;  m.  Feb.  6,  1801,  Margaret,  dau.  of  Dr.  Joseph  (No.  186)  and  Lucy 
(Ward)  Osgood  ;  d.  June,  1833.     Merchant. 

261.  Stevens,  Timothy,  J.,  son  of  Peter  and  Nal)by  (Johnson)  Stevens  ; 
b.  in  North  Andover,  Aug.  30,  1788;  m.  Almira  II.,  dau.  of  Edmund  and 
Hittie  (Curtis)  Herrick  (b.  Dec.  12,  1791;  resides  in  Salem).  He  died  at 
Salem,  Sept.  I,  1864.     A  shoe  manufacturer. 

262.  Stickney,  Judith,  dau.  of  Col.  Peter  and  Love  (Pickman)  Frye; 
b.  in  Salem;  m.  William  Stickney,  a  master  mariner,  son  of  William  and 
Mary  (Sawyer)  Stickney  of  Eowley,  who  d.  on  board  of  his  ship  at 
Martha's  Vineyard,  June,  1788;  she  d.  in  Boxford,  July  15,  1837,  aged  76. 

263.  Stone,  Robert,  son  of  Robert  and  Anstiss  (Babbidge)  Stone,  b. 
March  16,  1776;  m.  June  5,  1808,  Rebecca,  dau.  of  John  (No.  189)  and 
Rebecca  (Messervy)  Osgood;  d.  Sept.  21,  1860.     A  merchant. 

264.  Story,  Joshpii,  son  of  Dr.  Elisha  and  Mehitable  (Pedrick)  Story, 
b.  in  Marblehead,  Sept.  18,  1779;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1798;  ra.  Dec.  9,  1804, 
Mary  Lynde,  dau.  of  Rev.  Thomas  F.  and  Sarah  (Pynchou)  Oliver;  she 
d.  June  22,  1805;  m.  2d,  Aug.  27,  1808,  Sarah  Waldo,  dau.  of  Hon.  W. 
Wftraoi'e;  he  removed  to  Salem  in  1801,  a  lawyer  of  distinction.  Speaker 
of  Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives ;  Representative  U.  S.  Con- 
gress, 1808,  9 ;  from  1811  until  his  decease,  Judge  U.  S.  Supreme  Court; 


PROPRIETORS    OF    FIRST    HOUSE.  219 

ill  1830  roniovcil  to  Cambritljrc,  liaviiiii:  received  tlic  appoint mont  of  Dane 
professor  of  law  in  Harvard  liiivorsity ;  d.  Sept.  10,  1X4"). 

2C4a.  Srn.vw,  Isaiah,  son  of  Jacob  and  Betsey  (Bnrhank)  Straw,  i).  in 
Ilopkinton,  X.  H.,  Feb.  8,  171)7;  m.  Rlioda  Merrill ;  came  to  Salem,  Marcli, 
1818.     Tanner. 

205.  Symonds,  EpiinAiM,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Maru;aret  (Sl<erry) 
Symonds,  ni.  March  20,  1770,  Elizabeth  Downing. 

2(;g.  Sy.monus,  Jonathan,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah  nJnllen) 
Symonds,  bapt.  Sept.  1!),  1742;  m.  Jan.  8,  1707,  Mary  Kamsdell,  who  d. 
Dec,  1814,  aged  12. 

2GGa.  Sy.monds,  Josiu'H,  son  of  William  (No.  208)  and  Ennice  (Gard- 
ner) Symonds,  b.  March  14,  1783;  m.  Catherine,  dan.  of  Edward  (No. 
35)  anil  Catherine  (Felt)  Brown;  d.  Feb.  25,  1840.     Shoemaker. 

207.  Symonds,  Samukl,  son  of  Sanuiel  and  Mary  (Hooper)  Symonds, 
bapt.  Jan.  31,  1741;  m.  Aug.  10,  1700,  Mary,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Abigail 
Cook  and  sister  of  Samuel  (No.  03)  ;  d.  belore  1707. 

208.  Sy.monds,  Mrs.  Emzabeth. 

208a.  Symonds,  John,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Margaret  (Skerry)  Sy- 
monds, m.  July  22,  1780,  Susanna  Webb. 

2(i8b.  Symonds,  Thomas,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Hooper),  Symonds, 
m.  April  10,  1709,  Mary  Chapman,  dau.  of  Isaac  and  Hannah  (De^n)  and 
sister  of  Benjamin  and  George  (Nos.  51,  52),  (bapt.  Dec.  28,  1740;  d. 
March  10,  1832,  aged  85). 

208c.  Symonds,  William,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Jane  (Phips)  Symonds, 
b.  Jan.  8,  1749-50;  m.  Nov.  15,  1772,  Eunice,  dau.  of  Joseph  and  Mehit- 
ablc  (Pope)  Gardner;  d.  Sept.  8,  1830,  aged  77;  he  d.  July  25,  1830. 

209.  Tkkadwkll,  Charlks,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Eliza  (White)  Tread- 
well,  b.  in  Ipswich,  March  18,  1789,  and  d.  in  that  town,  Feb.  28,  1855; 
m.  May  2,  1810,  Lydia  R.,  dau.  of  Benjamin  and  Jane  Siiillaber  (b.  June 
27,  1700;  d  Nov.  9,  1842).  Master  mariner ;  lient.  of  private  armed  ship 
Alfred,  in  the  war  of  1812;  presitlent  of  Essex  Insurance  Company  of 
Salem. 

270.  TuKADWKM.,  EniRAiM.  son  of  Elisha  and  Lydia  (Crocker)  Tread- 
well,  b.  in  Ipswich.  "Sept.  24,  1789.  Trader;  moved  from  Salem  to  New 
York. 

271.  Thkadwki.l,  John,  son  of  John  and  Ilaiinali  (Boardman)  Tread- 
well.  1).  in  Ipswich,  Sept.  20,  1738;  gr.  Harv.  Coll  ,  1758.  Minister  of  the 
First  Congregational  Church  in  Lynn,  17G3-1782;  tanght  the  Grammar 
School  in  Ipswich,  1783-1785;  removed  to  Salem,  where  he  resided  until 
his  death,  which  occnrred  Jan.  5,  1811;  was  State  Senator;  Judge  of 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  and  ra.  1st.  Meliitable,  dau.  of  Dr.  Richard 
Dexter  of  Topsfleld;  2d,  Dorothy,  widow  of  Jonathan  Goodhue  (No. 
121)  and  dau.  of  Jacob  and  Mary  (Ropes)  .\shton;  3d,  Miss  Austin  of 
Charlestown ;   she  survived  him  and  d.  Aug.,  1810,  aged  03. 

272.  TuKAinvKLL,  John  Dkxtkr,  son  of  John  (No.  271)  and  Meliitable 
(Dexter)  Treadwell,  b.  in   Lynn,    May  20,    1708;  gr.  Ilarv.  Coll.,  1788; 


220  PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST   HOUSE. 

studied  mecjicine  with  Dr.  E.  A.  Holyoke  (No.  137) ;  practised  the  profes- 
sion the  first  two  or  three  years  iu  Marblehead,  afterwards  in  Salem,  with 
considerable  celebrity  until  his  decease,  which  took  place  June  G,  1833 ; 
m.  Dorothy,  dau.  of  Jonathan  (No.  121)  and  Dorothy  (Ashton)  Goodhue, 
who  was  b.  Feb.,  1777;  d.  Jan.  29,  1858. 

273.  Tkull,  Herbeut. 

274.  Tucker,  Edward,  son  of  Andrew  and  Blanche  (Skinner)  Tucker, 
m.  Elizabeth  Foster;  2d,  widow  Hannah  Stone,  who  survived  him  many 
years ;  d.  1803,  aged  about  50.     A  blacksmith. 

275.  Tucker,  Gideon,  son  of  John  and  Lydia  (Jacobs)  Tucker,  b. 
March  7,  1778;  ra.  June  21,  1804,  Martha  Hardy,  dau.  of  Benjamin  (No. 
120)  and  Frances  (Ritchie)  Goodhue  (b.  April  20,  1787;  d.  April  23,  1848)  ; 
d.  Feb.  18,  18G1.    Merchant  in  Salem,  president  of  Exchange  Bank. 

27G.  Tucker,  Ichabod,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Martha  (Davis)  Tucker, 
b.  at  Leicester,  Mass.,  April  17,  17G5;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1791;  m.  Sept.  16, 
1798,  Maria,  dau.  of  Dr.  Joseph  and  Mary  (Leavitt)  Orne  (b.  Nov.  13, 
1775;  d.  Dec.  14,  1806);  m.  2d,  Oct.  13,  1811,  Esther  Orne,  widow  of 
Joseph  Cabot  and  dau.  of  Dr.  William  and  Lois  (Orne)  Paine  of  Salem 
and  Worcester  (b.  Aug.  29,  1774;  d.  Jan.  29,  1854).  He  commenced  the 
practice  of  the  law  in  Haverhill,  afterwards  removed  to  Salem,  clerk  of 
the  courts  for  Essex  upwards  of  thirty  years ;  d.  at  Salem,  Oct.  22,  1846. 

277.  Turner,  Christopher,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Lucinda  (Turner) 
Turner;  b.  at  Pembroke  in  1767,  where  he  learned  the  trade  of  shipwright; 
came  to  Salem  a  young  man  and  worked  at  his  trade;  m.  June  9,  1791, 
Sally  Osborne;  d.  at  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  Dec.  23,  1812. 

278.  Turner,  Lucy,  dau.  of  Christopher  (No.  277)  and  Sally  (Osborne) 
Turner,  d.  unmarried,  July  16,  1843,  aged  52. 

279.  Turner,  Sally,  sister  of  the  above,  d.  unmarried,  July  16,  1847, 
aged  52. 

280.  Vans,  William,  came  from  Boston  to  Salem ;  merchant  and  auc- 
tioneer; m.  Oct.  8,  17G1,  Mary,  dau.  of  John  and  Ann  (Furnese)  Clark, 
(b.  June  24,  1735 ;  d.  May  19,  1770)  ;  he  d.  May  23,  1797,  aged  67. 

281.  Ward,  Andrew,  son  of  John  and  Hannah  (Higginson)  Ward,  b. 
Oct.  6,  1742;  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Edmund  and  Lydia  ('Hardy)  Henfleld  (b. 
May  14,  1750;  d.  Dec,  1817)  ;  d.  Jan.  1816. 

282.  Ward,  Ebrnezer,  Jr.,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Rachel  (Pickman) 
Ward,  b.  May  26,  1738;  m.  Mehitable  Buttolph;  d.  Oct.  26,  1773. 

283.  Ward,  George  Atkinson,  son  of  Samuel  Curwen  and  Jane  (Ropes) 
Ward,  b.  at  Salem,  March  29,  1793;  m.  Oct.  5,  1816,  Mehitable,  dau.  of 
James  and  Sarah  (Ward)  Gushing  (No.  68),  (b.  Feb.  28,  1795;  d.  Oct.  4, 
1862)  ;  d.  at  Salem,  Sept.  22,  1864.     Merchant  at  Salem  and  New  York. 

284.  Ward,  Joshua,  son  of  Miles  and  Sarah  (Massey)  Ward,  b.  1699; 
m.  1st,  Sarah,  dau.  of  Richard  Trevett  of  Marblehead ;  2d,  Lydia  (Burrill) 
Hawkes ;  3d,  Ruth  Woodward  ;  d.  Dec.  29,  1779.  One  of  the  ruling  elders 
of  the  church. 

285.  Ward,  Miles,  3d,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Rachel  (Pickman)  Ward, 


PROPRIETORS    OF   FIRST    HOUSE.  221 

brother  of  No.  282,  b.  July  12,  1744;  m.  May  20,  1772,  Ilannali,  dan.  of 
Rev.  John  and  Rebecca  (Hale)  Chipmauof  Beverly,  who  d.  April  22,  1829, 
aged  8C;  d.  Oct.  22,  1796.     A  glazier. 

286.  Ward,  Richakd,  son  of  Joshua  (No.  284)  and  Sarah  (Trevctt) 
Ward,  b.  .\pril  o,  1741 ;  ni.  Nov.  8,  1764,  Mehitable,  dau.  of  George  and 
Sarah  (Picknian)  Curwen;  d.  Nov.  4,  1824.     A  tanner. 

287.  Waud,  William,  son  of  William  and  Ruth  (Putnam)  Ward,  b. 
Dec.  28,  1761 ;  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Robert  and  Hannah  (Goodliue)  Proctor, 
who  d.  Jan.  16,  1788,  aged  25;  m.  2d,  Joanna,  dau.  of  John  Chipman  of 
Marblehead  (b.  July  1,  1761;  d.  Dec.  10,  1831);  d.  at  Medford,  May  9, 
1827,  to  which  place  he  had  removed  several  years  previous.  Master 
mai'iner,  and  merchant  in  Salem. 

288.  Watkins,  Benjamin,  trader,  d.  Jan.  26,  1828,  aged  75. 

289.  Watts,  IIanxaii,  dau.  of  George  and  Bethiah  (Peters)  Deland, 
bapt.  Aug.  27,  1737;  ni.  May  22,  1755,  Robert  Watts,  a  native  of  the  Isle 
of  Wight  and  a  skipper  of  a  fishing  vessel,  lost  at  sea  about  the  year 
1767;  she  d.  Jan.,  1817,  aged  80. 

290.  Webb,  Benjamin,  sou  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah  (Bray)  Webb, 
bapt.  July  1,  1787;  m.  May  5,  1810,  Sarah,  dau.  of  John  and  Mary  (Porter) 
Felt  (b.  July  24,  1790;  d.  at  Worcester,  Oct.,  1849);  d.  Sept.  30,  1840, 
aged  57.     An  apothecary. 

291.  Webb,  Stephen,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah  (Bray)  Webb, 
bapt.  Sept.  20,  1801;  m.  Oct.  5,  1831,  Martha  T.,  dau.  of  William  and 
Mehitable  (Mansfield)  Luscomb ;  d.  May  2,  1869,  aged  67  years  8  months. 
Cashier  of  Mercantile  Bank,  Salem,  and  in  the  Internal  Revenue  oflice. 

292.  Wendell,  Abuaiiam,  son  of  Thomas  and  Abigail  Wendell,  came 
from  Marblehead  to  Salem ;  m.  Martha  L.  Ballister,  who  d.  at  Lynn,  Nov. 
19,  1852,  aged  81;  d.  at  Ipswich,  Oct.  4,  1850,  aged  76.     A  wheelwright. 

293.  West,  Benjamin,  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Ward)  West,  b.  Jan. 
7,  1738-9;  m.  Aug.  9,  1762,  Abigail  Phippen  (b.  Feb.  6,  1742-3;  d.  Dec. 
26,  1797)  ;  d.  March  22,  1809.  Master  mariner;  for  many  years  master  of 
the  Salem  Marine  Society. 

294.  West,  Daniel,  probably  son  of  Daniel  and  Elizabeth  West,  bapt. 
April  3,  1748. 

295.  West,  Edward,  son  of  William  (No.  299)  and  Mary  (Beckford) 
West,  bapt.  Aug.  31,  17G0;  m.  May  9,  1790,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Daniel  and 
Esther  (Gardner)  Mackay.  When  a  resident  of  Salem,  a  master  mariner 
and  merchant;  afterwards  removed  to  Audover,  where  he  d.  March  20, 
1843. 

296.  West,  Sa.muel,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Poor)  West,  m.  1st, 

Mary  Gale ;  2d, ;  3d,  widow  Mary  Ingalls  of  Marblehead ; 

d.  Sept.,  1776.     Saddler. 

297.  West,  Samuel,  son  of  Samuel  (No.  296)  and  Mary  (Gale)  West, 
bapt.  June  20,  1722;  m.  Oct.  8,  1747,  Mary  Massey,  ^Nho  d.  Jan.,  1801, 
aged  81  ;d.  April,  1774.     Mariner. 

298.  West,  Tuo.mas,  son  of  Benjamin  (No.  293)  and  Abigail  (Phippen) 


N 


222  rnoPRiETORS  or  first  house. 

West,  b.  May  4,  1777;  m.  Elizabeth  Moseley,  >yho  d.  Feb.  25,  18G4,  aged 
80;  d.  Jan.  24,  1849.  Master  niariuer,  and  many  years  an  officer  in  the 
Salem  Custom  House. 

299.  West,  William,  son  of  Samuel  (No.  29G)  and  Mary  (Gale)  West, 
bapt.  May  12,  1728;  m.  Nov.  25,  1750,  Mary  Beckford,  who  d.  Sept.,  1813, 
aged  85 ;  d.  Aug.  3,  1803,  aged  75.     Merchant. 

300.  Wheatland,  George,  son  of  Richard  (No.  301)  and  Martha  (Good- 
hue) Wheatland,  b.  Nov.  10,  1804;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1824;  m.  Feb.  6, 
1883,  Hannah  Bemis,  dau.  of  John  and  Hannah  (Bemis)  Richardson  of 
Newton  (b.  Dec.  23,  1811;  d.  at  Salem,  March  15,  1840).  Counsellor  at 
law  in  Salem. 

301.  Wheatland,  Riciiaud,  son  of  Peter  and  Bridget  (Foxcroft) 
Wheatland,  b.  at  Wareham,  England,  Oct.  20.  17G2;  came  to  Salem  in 
1783;  m.  1st,  Margaret,  dau.  of  John  and  Isabella  (Brown)  Silver;  2d, 
Martha,  dau.  of  Stephen  and  Martha  (Prescott)  Goodhue  (b.  Feb.  2, 
1770;  d.  Aug.  13,  1826)  ;  d.  March  18,  1830.     Master  mariner  and  merchant. 

302.  Wheatland,  Richakd,  son  of  Peter  and  Sarah  (Forsey)  Wheat- 
land, a  nephew  of  Richard  (No.  301),  b.  at  Wareham,  England,  Oct.  26, 
1786;  came  to  Salem  in  1800,  m.  Oct.  3,  1822,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Elijah 
(No.  28)  and  Hannah  (Buffington)  Briggs  (b.  at  Scituate,  March  12, 
1796;  d.  at  Salem,  Oct.  15,  1866);  he  d   Feb.  5,  1867.     Master  mariner. 

303.  Whittredge,  Thojias,  son  of  Thomas  and  Sarah  (Osboru)  Whit- 
tredge,  b.  at  Danvers  in  1776;  m.  Sarah  Trask,  who  d.  Aug.  16, 1845,  aged 
78;  d.  at  Salem,  Sept.  15,  1829.     Master  mariner  and  merchant. 

304.  Whittredge,  Thomas  Cook,  son  of  Thomas  (No.  308)  and  Sarah 
(Trask)  Whittredge,  b.  May  28,  1799;  gr.  Harv.  Coll.,  1818;  m.  May  7, 
1827,  Susan  L.,  dau.  of  John  and  Susan  Mead,  who  d.  April  10,  1859,  aged 
56;  d.  Jan.  2(i,  1854.     Master  mariner  and  merchant. 


s5C  Y^- 


?W_Vk,  «a>^  . 


DATE  DUE 


*^)iu<£**-«*-*^ 

^ 

CAVLORD 

PRINTCO  IN  U.S.A. 

B« 


